Question 1

Anger is to ____ as disgust is to ____.
A) approach; avoid
B) avoid; approach
C) guilt; shame
D) happy; joy

Accepted Answer

Anger typically leads to approaching or confronting the source of the anger, while disgust usually leads to avoiding or distancing oneself from the source of disgust.

Question 2

Positive emotions tend to be associated with ____.
A) challenging life events
B) low emotional intelligence
C) forming a social bond with someone else
D) breaking a social bond with someone else

Accepted Answer

Forming a social bond with someone else is a common source of positive emotions, as social connections and relationships are important for our well-being and happiness. Challenging life events may lead to positive emotions if they are perceived as opportunities for growth or achievement. Low emotional intelligence is not necessarily associated with positive emotions, as emotional intelligence refers to the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions as well as the emotions of others. Breaking a social bond with someone else is more commonly associated with negative emotions such as sadness or grief.

Question 3

During economic recessions, when large corporations must lay off many workers, those who retain their jobs sometimes feel ____. They think: "That's not really fair. I don't necessarily deserve to keep my job when so many other great workers are now unemployed. I shouldn't really still be here either..."
A) schadenfreude
B) survivor guilt
C) shame
D) catharsis

Accepted Answer

Survivor guilt describes the feeling of guilt that arises in individuals who have survived a traumatic event while others did not. In the case of economic recessions and layoffs, those who retain their jobs may experience survivor guilt due to the fact that many other workers, who may have been just as talented or hardworking, lost their jobs.

Question 4

Judgments about the moral virtue of ____ are most associated with the emotion of disgust.
A) purity
B) fairness
C) kindness
D) love

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that judgments about the moral virtue of purity or sanctity are most strongly associated with the emotion of disgust. This is because purity violations, such as engaging in sexual acts with inappropriate partners or consuming impure substances, are seen as morally repugnant and can elicit strong feelings of disgust.

Question 5

Even though Amanda just met Diego two minutes ago, she has a good feeling about him right off the bat. According to the ____ hypothesis, it is therefore likely that Amanda will also decide within minutes that Diego is a good person.
A) affective forecasting
B) affect balance
C) affect-as-information
D) emotional intelligence (EQ)

Accepted Answer

The affect-as-information hypothesis suggests that people use their current emotional state as a source of information when making judgments and decisions. In this case, Amanda's positive feeling about Diego may influence her perception of him as a good person, based on her emotional state.

Question 6

Washing one's hands is thought to most influence which of the following emotions?
A) Contempt
B) Sadness
C) Guilt
D) Anger

Accepted Answer

Washing one's hands is associated with the cleansing of guilt or the feeling of being "dirty" after committing a wrongdoing.

Question 7

The essence of most guilt-inducing strategies is ____.
A) "I am in the right here, can't you see that?"
B) "See how you are hurting me?"
C) "You are a bad person."
D) "I understand how you feel."

Accepted Answer

Guilt-inducing strategies often center on portraying oneself as a victim and blaming the other person for causing harm or pain. Option B captures this approach by emphasizing how the other person's behavior is causing hurt. The other options do not necessarily involve an attempt to make the other person feel guilty.

Question 8

Bechara et al. (1997) conducted a study in which they allowed participants to draw from various decks of cards. For some decks, the cards generally signaled a "win" of a small amount of money. Other decks dealt with larger amounts but you could win or lose money. In this study, the people who lacked emotion tended to ____.
A) choose only from the decks with larger sums
B) choose only from the decks with small wins
C) go back to the same deck over and over
D) behave similarly to those who were capable of emotion

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bechara et al. (1997) conducted a study...

Question 9

Research shows that there is often a strong association between feeling negative emotions and overeating. However, this association does NOT occur ____.
A) among people with binge eating disorders
B) among people who regularly binge eat (regardless of whether or not people have a binge eating disorder)
C) unless people are overweight or obese
D) unless people believe that eating will make them feel better

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research shows that there is often a...

Question 10

Which of the following statements about emotions and learning is most accurate?
A) Emotions are not rational and impede the learning process.
B) Emotions distract one from engaging in analysis.
C) Emotions focus your attention on the wrong features of the learning situation.
D) Emotions provide feedback that helps you learn from your mistakes.

Accepted Answer

Emotions play an important role in the learning process as they provide feedback on one's actions and help in learning from mistakes. Emotions create a strong memory trace and help in recalling information more efficiently. While emotions can sometimes distract individuals from focusing on the important aspects of a learning situation, they mostly have a positive impact on the learning process.

Question 11

Suppose that you get a creepy feeling every time you ride the bus at night. Even if you have never heard about anything scary happening on the bus at night, you might end up using this feeling to form a judgment that riding the bus at night is a bad thing. Forming a judgment in such a way would be consistent with ____.
A) the idea of affective forecasting
B) the idea of affect balance
C) the affect-as-information hypothesis
D) having high emotional intelligence (EQ)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that you get a creepy feeling...

Question 12

What theme is supported by the fact that children learn to conceal their emotions as they grow up?
A) "The bad is greater than the good."
B) "There are always tradeoffs."
C) "Nature says go, culture says stop."
D) "Inner processes serve interpersonal relations."

Accepted Answer

The fact that children learn to conceal their emotions as they grow up supports the theme of "Nature says go, culture says stop." It suggests that suppressing emotions is a learned behavior that is encouraged by culture, rather than a natural tendency.

Question 13

Disgust has been shown to promote handwashing, avoidance of sex with risky partners, and other health-promoting behaviors. As such, disgust has been called our ___.
A) behavioral immune system
B) physiological immune system
C) catharsis mechanism
D) affect regulation system

Accepted Answer

Disgust is believed to be part of our behavioral immune system, which evolved to help us avoid potentially dangerous pathogens and contaminants. When we experience disgust, we may be more likely to engage in behaviors that protect us from infection, such as handwashing, avoiding contact with sick people, and being selective about sexual partners.

Question 14

For which group(s) is there a strong association between overeating and being in a bad mood?
A) Only adults with binge eating disorders
B) Both adults with binge eating disorders and adults who binge eat (but not those with clinical disorders)
C) Only adults who binge eat (but not those with clinical disorders)
D) Adults with binge eating disorders, adults who binge eat (but do not have clinical disorders), and adults who do not binge eat

Accepted Answer

The answer of For which group(s) is there a strong...

Question 15

Rozin's research in which he presented apple juice that had been contaminated with a dead cockroach (although the roach was removed) to children and adults reveals that ____.
A) disgust is an innate emotion with little learning required
B) disgust is at least partially a learned emotion
C) disgust is innate for females, but learned for males
D) disgust is innate for males, but learned for females

Accepted Answer

Rozin's research suggests that disgust is at least partially a learned emotion, as the apple juice still elicited disgust even though the cockroach was removed. However, it does not suggest anything about gender differences in innate vs. learned disgust.

Question 16

Who is likely to have the strongest disgust reactions?
A) James, a 35-year-old man
B) Susan, a 35-year-old woman
C) Leah, a 3-year-old girl
D) Max, a 3-year-old boy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who is likely to have the strongest...

Question 17

According to the ____ hypothesis, people tend to evaluate things as good or bad in part by asking themselves: "How do I feel about it?"
A) affective forecasting
B) affect balance
C) affect-as-information
D) emotional intelligence (EQ)

Accepted Answer

The affect-as-information hypothesis suggests that people use their current emotional states as a source of information to evaluate things. They ask themselves, "How do I feel about it?" and use those feelings as a basis for their judgments. This can lead to biased evaluations, as people's emotional states may be influenced by factors other than the thing being evaluated.

Question 18

One of the best things to do if you want to feel good and avoid emotional distress is to ____.
A) form and maintain good social relationships with others
B) limit your social contact with others
C) have high affective intensity
D) have low affective intensity

Accepted Answer

Forming and maintaining good social relationships has been shown to have a positive effect on mental and emotional well-being. Social support can help individuals cope with stress and buffer against negative emotions. Conversely, limiting social contact may lead to feelings of social isolation, which can increase the risk of depression and anxiety. Affective intensity refers to the degree of emotional arousal or intensity one experiences, but this alone does not necessarily lead to positive emotional outcomes.

Question 19

According to the text, emotions tend-on the whole-to ____.
A) promote strong interpersonal relationships
B) have a detrimental impact on interpersonal relationships
C) "test" relationships, so that only the most committed relationships last
D) be helpful in promoting communication within close relationships, but be detrimental to formal relationships and acquaintanceships (e.g., work relationships)

Accepted Answer

The text suggests that emotions tend to promote strong interpersonal relationships: "Emotions, whether positive or negative, tend to play a significant role in the formation and maintenance of close, intimate relationships."

Question 20

According to the text, emotions do all of the following on a consistent basis EXCEPT ____.
A) increase helping behavior
B) help people learn from their mistakes
C) influence thinking and actions
D) promote communication

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, emotions do all...

Quiz 6: Emotion and Affect

Anger is to as disgust is to .

Positive emotions tend to be associated with ____.

Judgments about the moral virtue of ____ are most associated with the emotion of disgust.

Even though Amanda just met Diego two minutes ago, she has a good feeling about him right off the bat. According to the ____ hypothesis, it is therefore likely that Amanda will also decide within minutes that Diego is a good person.

Washing one's hands is thought to most influence which of the following emotions?

The essence of most guilt-inducing strategies is ____.

Research shows that there is often a strong association between feeling negative emotions and overeating. However, this association does NOT occur ____.

Which of the following statements about emotions and learning is most accurate?

What theme is supported by the fact that children learn to conceal their emotions as they grow up?

Disgust has been shown to promote handwashing, avoidance of sex with risky partners, and other health-promoting behaviors. As such, disgust has been called our ___.

For which group(s) is there a strong association between overeating and being in a bad mood?

Rozin's research in which he presented apple juice that had been contaminated with a dead cockroach (although the roach was removed) to children and adults reveals that ____.

Who is likely to have the strongest disgust reactions?

According to the ____ hypothesis, people tend to evaluate things as good or bad in part by asking themselves: "How do I feel about it?"

One of the best things to do if you want to feel good and avoid emotional distress is to ____.

According to the text, emotions tend-on the whole-to ____.

According to the text, emotions do all of the following on a consistent basis EXCEPT ____.