Question 1

Muzafer Sherif's "Robber's Cave study," in which groups of 11-year-old boys at a summer camp were first pitted against one another and then asked to work cooperatively, is often cited as evidence for ____________________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Muzafer Sherif's "Robber's Cave study," in which...

Question 2

Jayne firmly believes that prejudice is wrong, and works hard to consciously overcome any stereotypes she feels might interfere with her judgments. Jayne has an External Motivation to Respond without Prejudice.

Accepted Answer

Jayne's efforts to consciously overcome stereotypes and her belief that prejudice is wrong indicate an Internal Motivation to Respond without Prejudice, as she is motivated by personal values and beliefs.

Question 3

Merely categorizing people into arbitrary groups like "red team" or "blue team" is sufficient to produce ingroup favoritism.

Accepted Answer

Merely categorizing people into arbitrary groups like "red team" or "blue team" is sufficient to produce ingroup favoritism, which means that people tend to have more positive attitudes and behavior towards members of their own group compared to members of other groups.

Question 4

Research has demonstrated that endorsement of traditional stereotypes leads to the oppression of women.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have provided evidence that promoting and believing in traditional gender stereotypes enables and reinforces the discrimination and mistreatment of women in various domains of society. This may include unequal treatment at work, gender-based violence, limited access to education and health services, and more. Challenging and dismantling harmful stereotypes and promoting gender equity is essential for achieving social justice and equality for all genders.

Question 5

Hostile sexism is worse than benevolent sexism for women's cognitive performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hostile sexism is worse than benevolent sexism...

Question 6

Research suggests that black students tend to perform better on academic exams when they experience stereotype threat than when they don't.

Accepted Answer

Research actually suggests the opposite - that black students tend to perform worse on academic exams when they experience stereotype threat, which is the fear of confirming negative stereotypes about their racial group.

Question 7

Technically speaking, the term "homophobia" refers to excessive ____________________ of homosexuals or homosexual behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Technically speaking, the term "homophobia" refers to...

Question 8

Stereotyping saves mental energy and can help people process information more quickly.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Stereotyping allows individuals to categorize information quickly and make assumptions based on preconceived notions, which can save mental energy. However, it can also lead to inaccurate and unfair judgments.

Question 9

Social psychologists use the term ____________________ to refer to the unequal treatment of different people based on the groups or categories to which they belong.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social psychologists use the term ____________________ to...

Question 10

Vera believes that old people smell bad. Suppose that, when getting on the bus earlier this week, she felt repulsed when she saw that the only available seat was next to an old person. This would be an example of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Vera believes that old people smell bad....

Question 11

What a person believes is the cause of homosexuality has a noticeable impact on the level of anti-gay prejudice that person exhibits.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that those who believe homosexuality is a choice or a learned behavior are more likely to exhibit anti-gay prejudice compared to those who believe it is innate or genetic. This is likely because people are more likely to view things that are perceived as chosen or learned as able to be changed or corrected.

Question 12

Research suggests that one key way in which non-prejudiced people differ from prejudiced people is that non-prejudiced people are not aware of the negative stereotypes of other groups.

Accepted Answer

Non-prejudiced people are often aware of negative stereotypes but choose not to endorse or act upon them, demonstrating an ability to recognize these stereotypes without letting them influence their judgment or behavior.

Question 13

On average, black Americans have higher self-esteem than white Americans

Accepted Answer

Multiple studies have found that black Americans tend to have higher self-esteem than white Americans. This could potentially be due to factors such as a stronger sense of community and identity within the black community, as well as historical resilience in the face of oppression and discrimination. However, it's important to note that self-esteem can vary greatly among individuals regardless of their race or ethnicity, and should not be used as a broad generalization.

Question 14

Stereotypes are generally quite inaccurate.

Accepted Answer

While stereotypes can be overly simplistic and harmful, research has shown that many stereotypes have a kernel of truth to them, meaning they often contain some accurate observations about groups, albeit exaggerated or misapplied.

Question 15

Max is on a date with Ella. Ella is an obese woman. People around Max look at him as if he is less successful than he actually is because he is on a date with an obese woman. This is an example of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Max is on a date with Ella....

Question 16

The human mind appears to be innately programmed to think about people as individuals, rather than to engage in social categorization (by clumping people into social groups).

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that social categorization is a natural process in the human mind, as it helps us to quickly and efficiently process information about others and make predictions about their behavior. However, it is important to recognize that individuals vary in the extent to which they engage in social categorization, and that it can lead to harmful stereotypes and prejudice.

Question 17

People tend to engage in more stereotyping when they are under stress than when they aren't.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that stress can impair cognitive processing and increase reliance on automatic thinking, which can lead to more stereotyping and other biases.

Question 18

The term "salience" can be loosely defined as "that which is flexible or changeable according to the situation."

Accepted Answer

The definition of salience is actually "the quality of being particularly noticeable or important; prominence."

Question 19

Most people assume that outgroup members are relatively similar to one another, while ingroup members are relatively different from one another. This tendency is known as the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most people assume that outgroup members are...

Question 20

When the United States experienced terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, many felt that the government should go after Osama bin Laden. Chasing down bin Laden is an example of a superordinate goal.

Accepted Answer

A superordinate goal is a goal that requires the cooperation and effort of multiple groups or individuals. In this case, capturing Osama bin Laden required the cooperation of various government agencies and international allies, making it a superordinate goal.

Quiz 13: Prejudice and Intergroup Relations