Question 1

Failure to satisfy the need to belong is associated with ____.
A) mental health problems (only)
B) poor physical health (only)
C) neither poor mental health nor poor physical health
D) both poor mental health and poor physical health

Accepted Answer

Failure to satisfy the need to belong is associated with both poor mental health and poor physical health. Studies have shown that social isolation and loneliness can lead to depression, anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems. At the same time, social isolation and loneliness have also been linked to poor physical health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, and weakened immune systems.

Question 2

Most people are reluctant to end or leave a relationship with another person ____.
A) only when there is a clear purpose to the relationship
B) only when they have disclosed to the other person
C) only when there is a clear purpose to the relationship AND they have disclosed to the other person
D) regardless of whether there is a clear purpose to the relationship and regardless of whether they have disclosed to the other person

Accepted Answer

Most people are often reluctant to end or leave a relationship with another person regardless of whether there is a clear purpose to the relationship and regardless of whether they have disclosed to the other person. This is because ending a relationship can be emotionally difficult and can bring about feelings of guilt, sadness, and uncertainty about the future.

Question 3

To completely satisfy the need to belong, people must ____.
A) have both regular social contact and ongoing relationships in which people show mutual concern for one another
B) have regular social contacts that are positive in nature-though ongoing relationships are not necessary
C) have regular social contacts-though they do not need to be positive in nature or ongoing relationships
D) have ongoing relationships in which people show mutual concern for one another-though regular social contacts are not necessary

Accepted Answer

According to research on belongingness, to completely satisfy the need to belong, people must have both regular social contact and ongoing relationships in which people show mutual concern for one another. Option A explicitly mentions both of these factors, making it the best choice.

Question 4

According to research on the elements of belongingness, which element is most lacking in commuter marriages?
A) regular social contact
B) relationship characterized by mutual respect
C) positive interactions
D) mutual bond

Accepted Answer

The element of regular social contact is most lacking in commuter marriages, as couples often spend extended periods of time apart due to work or other commitments. This can lead to a sense of isolation and disconnection, which can negatively impact the overall sense of belongingness in the relationship.

Question 5

Most people do not seem to seek out endless numbers of friends; having ____ close friends seems to be enough.
A) one or two
B) two or three
C) four to six
D) eight to twelve

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most people do not seem to seek...

Question 6

Solitary confinement is considered an extreme form of punishment in prisons because it ____.
A) deprives individuals of interpersonal contact
B) limits individuals to a small amount of space
C) restricts privileges such as access to exercise and media
D) forces individuals to reflect on their crimes

Accepted Answer

Solitary confinement involves isolating individuals from others for extended periods of time, often for 23 hours a day or more. This deprives them of interpersonal contact, which is considered a form of psychological torture and can have negative long-term effects on mental health.

Question 7

According to social psychological research, which of the following adages is truer, "opposites attract" or "birds of a feather flock together"?
A) "Opposites attract."
B) "Birds of a feather flock together."
C) "Opposites attract" when it comes to romantic relationships, but "birds of a feather flock together" when it comes to friendships.
D) "Opposites attract" when it comes to friendships, but "birds of a feather flock together" when it comes to romantic relationships.

Accepted Answer

The adage "birds of a feather flock together" is truer according to social psychological research. People tend to be attracted to others who have similar attitudes, beliefs, and values, and are more likely to form relationships with those who are similar to themselves. This phenomenon is known as homophily. While there may be some cases where opposites attract, the evidence suggests that this is the exception rather than the norm.

Question 8

Can people satisfy the need to belong via membership in a group or organization (e.g., a club or sports team), even if they do not have friendships there?
A) No, they must have close relationships with people in order to satisfy the need to belong.
B) Yes, some people may find these social connections satisfying even if they do not form close relationships.
C) Women can satisfy the need to belong this way, but men cannot.
D) Children can satisfy the need to belong this way, but adults cannot.

Accepted Answer

While close relationships are ideal for satisfying the need to belong, some people may still find satisfaction from being part of a group or organization even if they do not form close friendships within it. For example, someone who enjoys playing a certain sport may find a sense of belonging by being part of a team, even if they do not have individual friendships with everyone on the team.

Question 9

Woman sometimes stay in an abusive relationship. Which of the following is the least likely explanation for this phenomenon?
A) To leave a relationship goes against human nature.
B) Some women have a masochistic desire to be beaten.
C) People are designed to connect, not separate.
D) People need to belong.

Accepted Answer

The idea that women have a desire to be beaten is a harmful stereotype and is not a valid explanation for why some women stay in abusive relationships. The other options (A, C, and D) all address the human need for connection and attachment, which can make leaving a relationship difficult.

Question 10

Given what your text says about the elements of belongingness, which element is a prostitute most lacking?
A) regular social contact
B) intimate interaction
C) relationships characterized by mutual concern
D) face-to-face contact

Accepted Answer

Prostitution involves transactional interactions with clients and does not typically involve relationships characterized by mutual concern. Therefore, a prostitute is most lacking in this element of belongingness.

Question 11

Brian has about five close friends but not many casual acquaintances. If he is like most people, then ____.
A) he is probably satisfied
B) he probably wants more close friends and more casual acquaintances
C) he probably wants more close friends but does not necessarily feel that he needs more casual acquaintances
D) he probably feels that he has more close friends than he needs

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that having a few close friends contributes significantly to personal satisfaction, more so than having a large number of casual acquaintances.

Question 12

The broadest and simplest explanation for why people may stay in violently abusive relationships is that ____.
A) they have extremely low self-esteem and dependency disorder
B) breaking off relationships goes against the basic tendencies of human nature
C) they believe that they deserve to be treated badly in general
D) finding a new partner takes too much effort to offset the pain caused

Accepted Answer

Breaking off relationships goes against the basic tendencies of human nature, such as the desire for comfort, security, and familiarity. This can lead individuals to stay in abusive relationships, even when they know it's not healthy for them. Other factors can also play a role, but this is the broadest and simplest explanation.

Question 13

When people who are dating break up with one another, they often plan to "just be friends." What happens in reality?
A) Most do not remain friends. But they say this (and they often try to remain friends) because they are reluctant to break social bonds.
B) Most do not remain friends, and never, in fact, expect to remain friends. They say this only to be polite.
C) Most do remain friends, despite thinking that they won't.
D) Most do remain friends, though such friendships are harder to sustain than other friendships.

Accepted Answer

Most people who break up do not remain friends, despite saying that they will. This is because ending a romantic relationship is often painful and creates negative feelings that make it difficult to maintain a friendship. However, many say that they will remain friends because they are reluctant to break social bonds and want to avoid appearing rude or insensitive.

Question 14

For most people, having a few close friends is ____ and having lots of casual friends is ____.
A) relatively unimportant; relatively important
B) relatively unimportant; also relatively unimportant
C) important; less important
D) important; also important

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that having a few close friends is important for overall well-being and happiness, while having lots of casual friends may not have as significant an impact on one's life satisfaction.

Question 15

Most people find it ____ to form relationships with neighbors, co-workers, and other people. And most people ____ leave or end such relationships.
A) easy; just as easily
B) easy; are somewhat reluctant to
C) difficult; easily
D) difficult; are somewhat reluctant to

Accepted Answer

Most people generally find it easy to form relationships with those around them, but they are somewhat reluctant to end these relationships due to social bonds and emotional connections.

Question 16

Research has demonstrated that loneliness ____.
A) has no effect on the immune system
B) strengthens the immune system (in preparation for battling disease)
C) has the negative effect of weakening the immune system
D) strengthens men's immune systems but weaken women's immune systems

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that loneliness can have negative effects on the immune system. It has been linked to decreased functioning of immune cells, increased inflammation, and a higher risk of developing illnesses such as heart disease and infection.

Question 17

Wolfgang is engaging in an act of ingratiation. What does this mean exactly?
A) He is trying to redeem himself, or "make up" for something.
B) He is trying to get someone to do something for him.
C) He is trying to get someone to like him.
D) He is empathizing with someone.

Accepted Answer

Engaging in an act of ingratiation means someone is trying to make themselves more appealing or likeable to someone else. In this case, Wolfgang is trying to get someone to like him.

Question 18

Research has demonstrated that being relatively sociable and having close friends is ____ with developing colds and flu.
A) positively correlated
B) negatively correlated
C) not correlated to
D) positively correlated for women, but uncorrelated for men

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that being sociable and having close friends is negatively correlated with developing colds and flu, meaning that people who have more social connections tend to have better immune systems and are less likely to catch a cold or flu.

Question 19

Wolfgang is trying to get his new co-worker, Peter, to like him. He compliments Peter's wardrobe, listens attentively to Peter's stories, and routinely take Peter out to lunch. Wolfgang is clearly engaging in ____.
A) ostracism
B) propinquity
C) ingratiation
D) matching

Accepted Answer

Wolfgang is engaging in ingratiation, which is the act of trying to get someone to like you by complimenting them, listening attentively, and doing things for them.

Question 20

Recent research on the importance of social networks suggests that ____.
A) people seek out friends to give meaning to their lives
B) people believe that those with no friends means have meaningless lives
C) people who feel connected to a strong social network see life as more meaningful
D) people who lack friends have negative beliefs about life in general

Accepted Answer

Recent research has shown that people who feel connected to a strong social network tend to see their lives as more meaningful, indicating the importance of social connections.

Quiz 11: Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Failure to satisfy the need to belong is associated with ____.

Most people are reluctant to end or leave a relationship with another person ____.

To completely satisfy the need to belong, people must ____.

According to research on the elements of belongingness, which element is most lacking in commuter marriages?

Most people do not seem to seek out endless numbers of friends; having ____ close friends seems to be enough.

Solitary confinement is considered an extreme form of punishment in prisons because it ____.

According to social psychological research, which of the following adages is truer, "opposites attract" or "birds of a feather flock together"?

Can people satisfy the need to belong via membership in a group or organization (e.g., a club or sports team) , even if they do not have friendships there?

Woman sometimes stay in an abusive relationship. Which of the following is the least likely explanation for this phenomenon?

Given what your text says about the elements of belongingness, which element is a prostitute most lacking?

Brian has about five close friends but not many casual acquaintances. If he is like most people, then ____.

The broadest and simplest explanation for why people may stay in violently abusive relationships is that ____.

When people who are dating break up with one another, they often plan to "just be friends." What happens in reality?

For most people, having a few close friends is and having lots of casual friends is .

Most people find it to form relationships with neighbors, co-workers, and other people. And most people leave or end such relationships.

Research has demonstrated that loneliness ____.

Wolfgang is engaging in an act of ingratiation. What does this mean exactly?

Research has demonstrated that being relatively sociable and having close friends is ____ with developing colds and flu.

Wolfgang is trying to get his new co-worker, Peter, to like him. He compliments Peter's wardrobe, listens attentively to Peter's stories, and routinely take Peter out to lunch. Wolfgang is clearly engaging in ____.

Recent research on the importance of social networks suggests that ____.