Question 1

According to Erikson,in the latency stage of psychosocial development,a child's growing powers of deductive reasoning and the ability to play by rules lead to the deliberate refinement of the skills displayed in building things.

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that during the latency stage (ages 6 to 11), children focus on developing skills and knowledge that will be useful later in life. This includes refining their abilities to solve problems, use logic and reasoning, and play by rules. In this stage, children may have a particular interest in building things, which allows them to express their creativity, develop new skills, and gain a sense of accomplishment.

Question 2

In response to charges that his concepts are ambiguous and poorly defined,Erikson cited:

Accepted Answer

Erikson acknowledged his artistic temperament and lack of formal scientific training, which contributed to the ambiguity in his concepts.

Question 3

Erikson is best known for his eight stages of psychosocial development.Consider the stage of trust versus mistrust and (A)identify when this stage occurs; (B)give a general description of a positive and negative development of this stage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Erikson is best known for his eight...

Question 4

The preference for gender-based toys among children existed during the time of Erikson but is not prevalent today.

Accepted Answer

While there have been some shifts in attitudes towards gender and toys in recent years, studies still show that a significant number of children have a preference for gender-based toys. This preference can start as early as 18 months of age and is influenced by social and cultural factors. Therefore, the statement that it is not prevalent today is false.

Question 5

Erickson believed that our personality development is affected by both biological and social factors.

Accepted Answer

Erickson's theory of psychosocial development emphasizes the interaction between biological and social factors in shaping personality. He believed that biological factors provide the foundation for personality, but social experiences and cultural influences play a critical role in shaping how we express our innate tendencies.

Question 6

One of the most important contributions of Erikson's personality theory is to the field of:

Accepted Answer

Erikson's personality theory focuses on how individuals develop and evolve over their entire lifespan, which has had a significant impact on the field of life-span developmental psychology. This theory emphasizes the importance of addressing different stages that individuals go through in their lives, and this has been essential for psychologists and researchers in developing interventions and understanding how individuals change and grow throughout their lives.

Question 7

How is the superego developed in a child in the locomotor-genital stage according to Erikson?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is the superego developed in a...

Question 8

The basic strength associated with the final stage of maturity and old age is hope.

Accepted Answer

The basic strength associated with the final stage of maturity and old age, according to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, is wisdom, not hope.

Question 9

Rather than just reflecting on the past,Erikson believed that older people must remain active,vital participants in life,while seeking challenge and stimulation from their environment.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of Psychosocial Development includes the eighth stage, which is Integrity vs. Despair. In this stage, older adults are encouraged to remain active and participate in their community to find fulfillment and avoid feelings of despair. Therefore, it is true that Erikson believed older people must remain active and vital participants in life.

Question 10

As indicated by Erikson,young adulthood includes generativity versus stagnation as the ways of coping with crisis and a person might resolve the crisis of his or her basic ego identity during this stage.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's stage of generativity versus stagnation actually occurs during middle adulthood, not young adulthood. In young adulthood, the crisis to be resolved is intimacy versus isolation, focusing on forming intimate relationships rather than creating and nurturing things that will outlast the individual.

Question 11

According to Erikson,basic strengths are interdependent and one strength cannot develop until the strength associated with the previous psychological stage of personality development has been confirmed.

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, each stage results in the formation of a basic strength or virtue. These strengths are interdependent, and one cannot fully develop without the successful resolution of the previous stage. Therefore, Erikson believed that each strength is built upon the strengths developed in earlier stages.

Question 12

The basic strength that emerges from the intimacy of the young adult years is love.

Accepted Answer

During the young adult years, individuals often form close relationships that can lead to the development of love as a strong bond between partners.

Question 13

The basic strength called purpose should be realized during the muscular-anal stage,which is characterized by initiative versus guilt.

Accepted Answer

The basic strength called purpose is indeed realized during the initiative versus guilt stage, but this stage is part of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory and is not referred to as the muscular-anal stage. The muscular-anal stage aligns more closely with Freud's theory of psychosexual development, specifically the anal stage.

Question 14

People who fail to achieve a cohesive identity will experience a confusion of their roles and thus will have an identity crisis.

Accepted Answer

According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, failing to achieve a cohesive identity during adolescence can result in confusion about one's roles and can lead to an identity crisis.

Question 15

Erikson's theory allows for optimism and offers the possibility of a positive outcome in each stage of personality development.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory emphasizes the potential for growth and positive outcomes in each stage of life, as long as individuals successfully navigate the developmental tasks and challenges of each stage. This perspective allows for optimism and a sense of agency in one's own life course.

Question 16

Autonomy versus shame is associated with the locomotor-genital stage,which occurs between the ages of one to three.

Accepted Answer

Autonomy versus shame and doubt is associated with Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory and occurs between the ages of one to three, but it is not referred to as the locomotor-genital stage; that terminology is not used by Erikson.

Question 17

Erikson believed that all institutions- whether business,government,social service,or academic-related-provide opportunities for us to express ego integrity.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development suggests that ego integrity is achieved in the final stage of life, not through institutions, but through reflecting on one's life and feeling a sense of fulfillment and completeness.

Question 18

Erikson's theory has been criticized because it is:

Accepted Answer

One common criticism of Erikson's theory is that his description of the final stage of maturity, integrity vs. despair, is incomplete and vague. Some people argue that it doesn't fully capture the emotional and psychological experiences of aging and can be too simplistic in its focus on achieving a sense of wholeness and acceptance of one's life. This criticism, however, does not negate the value of Erikson's theory in understanding development across the lifespan.

Question 19

Care is the basic strength that emerges from generativity in adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Care is one of the key components of generativity in adulthood, and it refers to the concern for the well-being of future generations and the desire to contribute to their development. As individuals engage in generative activities and become invested in the future of others, they often develop a greater sense of responsibility and capability, which can translate into increased resilience and strength in their own lives. Therefore, care can be seen as a basic strength that emerges from generativity in adulthood.

Question 20

Erikson's theory of personality development involves a series of personal constructs and ego-idealizations.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of personality development involves a series of eight psychosocial stages, each characterized by a specific conflict that the individual must resolve to develop healthily.

Quiz 6: Erik Erikson: Identity Theory