Question 1

A proximodistal trend is BEST seen in the development of

Accepted Answer

A proximodistal trend is the pattern of development where growth and development start from the center of the body and progress towards the extremities. Fine motor skills such as using the fingers and hands in a coordinated way to pick up small objects, draw or write involve the use of muscles and nerves that are located in the extremities, and thus develop later than gross motor skills that involve the larger muscles in the center of the body, such as rolling over, sitting up, crawling, and walking. Therefore, the development of fine motor skills exhibit a proximodistal trend. Neither brain redundancy nor language skills demonstrate this trend.

Question 2

Which fine motor skill is MOST sophisticated and develops last?

Accepted Answer

Lacing shoes requires intricate and precise hand movements, making it the most sophisticated fine motor skill that develops later on in childhood. Building a tower of six cubes, copying letters, and using a pencil with a correct grip are all earlier-developing fine motor skills.

Question 3

During a recent parent teacher conference,Mr.Charles explained to the parents of 3-year-old Cameron that he is in the shape stage of drawing.What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

The shape stage of drawing typically involves drawing circles, squares, Xs, and other odd shapes. This is considered a developmental milestone for young children as they begin to understand basic shapes and spatial relationships.

Question 4

Young children who are physically active

Accepted Answer

Research shows that children who are physically active tend to have physically active parents.

Question 5

By the age of 2,which of the following fine motor skills can a child accomplish?

Accepted Answer

By the age of 2, children are still developing their fine motor skills and are not yet able to accomplish tasks like lacing shoes, printing their name, or using a pencil with the correct grip. They may be able to hold a crayon or marker and make scribbles, but their movements are still imprecise and not yet fully developed.

Question 6

Two-year-old Samantha is drawing a picture.It consists of scribbles that she has carefully drawn along the border of the paper.Which stage of drawing is Samantha in?

Accepted Answer

Samantha is in the Placement stage, where children begin to place scribbles in specific locations on the paper, such as along the borders.

Question 7

The drawings of a 6-year-old

Accepted Answer

The drawings of a 6-year-old are often symbolic rather than specific, as they are just beginning to develop their visual language skills. They may not have the ability to draw realistic images yet, but they are able to create symbols that represent objects or ideas. These symbols may hold personal meaning for the child, even if they are not immediately recognizable to adults.

Question 8

By age 3,children are drawing basic shapes.As soon as they draw shapes,they begin to combine them,thus entering the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

The design stage is when children start combining basic shapes to create more complex drawings.

Question 9

Sedentary parents are more likely to have children who are

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that parental activity level is a strong predictor of a child's activity level, with sedentary parents more likely to have sedentary children.

Question 10

By what age do children begin drawing basic shapes?

Accepted Answer

By the age of 3 years, children typically start to draw basic shapes, which is a key developmental milestone in their visual and motor skills.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding handedness?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the preference for using a certain hand for grasping objects typically increases between 7-11 months of age. Handedness is not firmly established at birth and is not taught by parents, although cultural factors may influence handedness. While handedness can be consistent through adulthood for many individuals, it is not uncommon for handedness to change or shift over time.

Question 12

Mr.Hollen teaches kindergarten.He wants to add a class to his curriculum that will help develop the fine motor skills of his students.Which of the following would you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Arts and crafts activities such as cutting, coloring, and drawing are known to help improve fine motor skills in young children. Gymnastics and soccer may involve gross motor skills, but they do not directly target fine motor development.

Question 13

How early can handedness emerge?

Accepted Answer

Handedness can actually emerge as early as the prenatal stage, with studies showing that fetuses will preferentially suck one thumb over the other. However, it is usually not until around 2-3 years of age that a child's handedness becomes more consistent and obvious.

Question 14

!Kung girls and boys engage in rough-and-tumble play.Among the Pilaga Indians,girls are matched against the boys.Rough-and-tumble play is less common among girls in the United States.These examples demonstrate that

Accepted Answer

The differences in the prevalence of rough-and-tumble play among different cultures and societies suggest that cultural and environmental factors play a significant role. It cannot be determined that genetics or socioeconomic status are the primary determinants of engagement in this type of play, and the assertion that it is new to the United States is not supported by any evidence in the passage.

Question 15

Four-year-old Hunter draws lines coming down a sheet of construction paper.He then looks at it and decides it's the rain he sees coming down outside his window.This represents which feature of drawing in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

Hunter's behavior represents the idea that children ages 3 to 5 usually see what they've drawn and then name it. Hunter drew lines, looked at it, and then decided it represented rain coming down outside his window. This shows that he drew something he observed and then interpreted it as something specific.

Question 16

The development of drawing is linked to

Accepted Answer

The development of drawing is linked to motor development as it involves fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination. It is also linked to cognitive development as children learn to represent their thoughts and ideas through drawing, which enhances their language and communication skills. Lastly, drawing can be an enjoyable activity for children, which can promote creativity and self-expression. Therefore, all of these factors contribute to the development of drawing skills.

Question 17

Which of the following researchers has studied over 1 million children's drawings and found meaningful patterns in the scribbles?

Accepted Answer

Kellogg is the researcher who has studied over 1 million children's drawings and found meaningful patterns in the scribbles. Piaget is known for his theory of cognitive development, Ainsworth for her research on attachment, and Vygotsky for his sociocultural theory of development.

Question 18

The scribbling of young children

Accepted Answer

Research shows that the scribbling of young children is not random and meaningless, but rather demonstrates meaningful patterns such as circles, lines, and dots. These patterns represent the child's attempt to communicate and understand their surroundings. The scribbling also indicates cognitive development as children begin to understand cause and effect and develop symbolic thinking. While there may be variations in gross motor skills, this does not impact the meaningfulness of the scribbling.

Question 19

Children of active mothers are twice as likely to be active as children of inactive mothers.What is TRUE regarding fathers?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that children of active fathers are 3.5 times more likely to be active compared to children of inactive fathers. Father's influence on their child's activity level may be due to their role modeling or encouragement towards physical activity.

Question 20

According to Kellogg,which is the correct sequence of stages of drawing?

Accepted Answer

Kellogg identifies the correct sequence of stages of drawing as starting with the placement stage, where children focus on the placement of their drawings on the page, followed by the shape stage, where they begin to concentrate on the shapes of the objects they draw.

Quiz 8: Early Childhood: Physical Development