Which One of the Following Is Not a Good Example

Which one of the following is not a good example of a defensive strategy to protect a company's market share and competitive position?

A) adding new features or models and otherwise broadening the product line to close off vacant niches and gaps to opportunity-seeking challengers
B) thwarting the efforts of rivals to attack with lower prices by maintaining economy-priced options of its own
C) engaging in a preemptive strike strategy in an effort to discourage rivals from being aggressive
D) signaling challengers that retaliation is likely in the event that they launch an attack
E) making early announcements about impending new products or price changes to induce potential buyers to postpone switching