In Which of the Following Instances Are First-Mover Disadvantages Not

In which of the following instances are first-mover disadvantages not likely to arise?

A) when the costs of pioneering are much higher than being a follower and only negligible buyer loyalty or cost savings accrue to the pioneer
B) when rivals are employing offensive strategies rather than defensive strategies
C) when the products of an innovator are somewhat primitive and do not live up to buyer expectations
D) when buyers are skeptical about the benefits of a new technology or product being pioneered by a first mover
E) when rapid market evolution (due to fast-paced changes in technology or buyer preferences) gives fast followers and maybe even cautious late movers the opening to leapfrog a first mover's products with more attractive next-version products