Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of neural nets?

Accepted Answer

Neural nets are modeled on the structure and function of the human brain, with interconnected nodes that communicate with one another in order to process information and come to a decision.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of clickstream data?

Accepted Answer

Clickstream data tracks the clicks made by every visitor in a site. It is used to analyze user behavior on the website and gain insights into their interests and preferences. Option A is incorrect because clickstream data only records the clicks made by visitors who could access the site. Option C is incorrect because it does not indicate the total number of links shown in search engine results, but rather the clicks made on a particular website. Option D is incorrect because it refers to data transfer between websites, which is not related to clickstream data.

Question 3

Which of the following is a drawback of the growing power of artificial intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The growing power of artificial intelligence can also be used by scammers to gain access to sites or spread misinformation, which is a significant drawback. The other options are either inaccurate or not relevant.

Question 4

Which of the following is an accurate definition of CAPTCHA?

Accepted Answer

CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a test that website visitors must pass before completing certain actions, such as registering for an account or submitting a form. The test is designed to distinguish between human users and bots by presenting a challenge that is easy for humans to solve but difficult for computers.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of expert systems?

Accepted Answer

Expert systems are designed to mimic the decision-making abilities of human professionals by incorporating rules-based reasoning and knowledge representation techniques. They are not built with OLAP as the foundational base (A), do not necessarily learn from training data selected by humans (C), and are not primarily used for pattern detection in massive datasets (D).

Question 6

Software that mimic the reasoning and decision making of human professionals, drawing from a base of knowledge about a particular subject area developed with the assistance of the skillful, are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The description provided fits that of an expert system, which is a type of software that utilizes knowledge and reasoning capabilities to mimic the decision-making abilities of human professionals in a specific field. Neural networks and intelligent agents may also incorporate some forms of learning or reasoning, but they do not necessarily rely on pre-existing knowledge bases or expert contributions in the same way that expert systems do. Emulator experts is not a commonly used or recognized term in this context.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of forecasting?

Accepted Answer

Forecasting involves analyzing trends in past data to predict future outcomes. This is typically done using statistical decision support tools to identify seasonal or cyclical patterns in the data. By understanding these patterns, predictions can be made about future trends and potential outcomes.

Question 8

Which of the following holds true of neural nets?

Accepted Answer

Neural nets borrow the brain's approach by using digital signals in place of neural ones. They are modeled after the structure and function of the human brain, with interconnected nodes or neurons that process information.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of neural networks?

Accepted Answer

Neural networks work by imitating the structure and function of the human brain, specifically in terms of how it processes information and reinforces memory. Choice A is incorrect as neural networks do not imitate service robots, they are a type of artificial intelligence technology. Choice B is incorrect as neural networks are not specifically aimed at improving productivity in domestic operations. Choice C is incorrect as neural networks do not use neural signals in the same way that the human brain does, but rather they use mathematical algorithms to process data.

Question 10

The analysts at Swirlees, a brand of ice-cream, are asked to assess revenue generated over the past five years to observe seasonal and historical trends so that they can make a business estimate for the next year. After extensive analysis, they arrive at the conclusion that the sales were highest during the months of July and August, the summer months in the country, and an all-time low during January, the peak of winter. Which of the following tools would best help them in making an estimate for the upcoming year?

Accepted Answer

Forecasting would be the best tool in this scenario as it involves analyzing past data to predict future outcomes. In this case, the analysts can use past sales data to forecast the potential revenue for the upcoming year, taking into consideration the seasonal trends observed.

Question 11

The term "artificial intelligence" describes the ________.

Accepted Answer

The term "artificial intelligence" refers to the ability of machines to imitate or replicate human intelligence, such as the ability to learn, reason, and adapt.

Question 12

________ is a test created by software developers to thwart software bots that the visitor must pass before continuing to register or enter the site.

Accepted Answer

CAPTCHA is a test designed to distinguish humans from bots. It typically involves distorted letters or numbers that must be entered correctly to proceed on a website.

Question 13

The term ________ refers to data associated with revealing customer behavior patterns, such as time spent on the page, the URL the visitor just left, and the visitor's IP address.

Accepted Answer

Clickstream data refers to the sequence of web pages that a user visits, including the time spent on each page and the order in which the pages were accessed. It can also include the URL of the previous web page and the visitor's IP address. This data can provide insights into customer behavior patterns and help businesses improve their website performance and user experience.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about neural networks?

Accepted Answer

Neural networks are inspired by the structure and functional aspects of the human brain but are far simpler in terms of complexity and processing capabilities. They do not mimic the way a robot thinks, nor do they use neural signals like humans. Their success typically increases with the number and quality of cases they learn from, not inversely.

Question 15

Escapade Holidays is a travel house in New Jersey that recently created a website to attract travel clientele for the company. It is vital that the company is able to track time spent on each page by visitors, which helps Escapade understand the destinations and offers that customers seek. Which of the following will best help the company understand customer behavior patterns as well as reveal the URLs left by visitors?

Accepted Answer

Clickstream data is the best choice because it allows the company to track the URLs that visitors leave as well as the time spent on each page, which helps to identify customer behavior patterns. Real-time data is also useful, but it does not necessarily reveal the specific URLs that visitors have left. Keystroke logging and mangled packets are not appropriate for tracking website activity and may raise privacy concerns.

Question 16

________ is an extension of goal-seeking analysis in which the user can change many variables to reach some maximum or minimum target, as long as the changes stay within the constraints the user identifies.

Accepted Answer

The given description matches the concept of Optimization, which involves maximizing or minimizing a certain objective function while adhering to certain constraints. What-if analysis deals with exploring the impact of changing one or a few variables on the outcome, while predictive analysis makes use of statistical or machine learning models to forecast future events. Forecasting involves predicting future values based on historical data.

Question 17

Johanna wishes to enroll for TryMail's email service. Which of the following actions should TryMail ask Johanna to take in order to establish that she is not a software bot?

Accepted Answer

Asking Johanna to enter a sequence of letters and numbers from an image is the most common way to establish that she is not a software bot. This process is known as a CAPTCHA test and is widely used by email services, online forms, and other websites to prevent automated spam and abuse. Providing contact details and Social Security Number or uploading a photo and identification marks are not necessary to establish that Johanna is a human user, and asking for an alternative email address is unlikely to be effective in preventing bot accounts.

Question 18

________ refers to analyzing historical and seasonal trends and then taking into account existing and predicted business conditions to estimate some variable of interest.

Accepted Answer

Forecasting is the process of predicting future trends based on historical data and current business conditions. It involves analyzing past trends and patterns and then using statistical models and techniques to estimate future outcomes. Optimization is the process of finding the best solution to a problem, what-if analysis involves exploring different scenarios to see how they would affect outcomes, and goal-seeking analysis involves finding the input values that achieve a specific output goal.

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why CAPTCHA may no longer be widespread?

Accepted Answer

CAPTCHA relies on challenges that are difficult for bots but easy for humans. Technology that can distinguish between human and bot behavior, such as analyzing mouse movements and keystrokes, undermines the need for traditional CAPTCHA by directly identifying whether a user is human or not.

Question 20

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of optimization?

Accepted Answer

Optimization involves changing multiple variables to achieve the highest or lowest possible outcome. The other options describe different processes, such as control, analysis, and data management.

Quiz 7: Business Intelligence and Decision Making