Question 1

Which of the following does NOT describe childhood depression?

Accepted Answer

Childhood depression is a serious mental illness that can have long-lasting effects on a child's development and well-being. It is not something that should be ignored or brushed off.

Question 2

The most important protective factor,which seems to help children overcome stress and be resilient,is good

Accepted Answer

Good family relationships and cognitive functioning both contribute to a child's ability to overcome stress and be resilient. Family relationships provide emotional support and a sense of security, while cognitive functioning helps a child process and cope with stress in a healthy way. So, the most appropriate answer is D, Both of these.

Question 3

Behavior therapy uses principles of learning to change or eliminate undesirable _____ and develop desirable ones.

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy focuses on modifying behavior patterns by applying principles of learning. The therapy aims to increase desirable or positive behaviors while decreasing negative or unwanted behaviors. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is A) behaviors.

Question 4

Which of Erik Erikson's stages typically occurs during middle to late childhood?

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority typically occurs during middle to late childhood, between the ages of six and eleven. This stage is characterized by children developing a sense of competence and mastery over their environment through productive work and activities. They may also begin to compare themselves to their peers and feel a sense of inferiority if they perceive themselves as lacking in certain skills or abilities.

Question 5

Nancy is often fearful of going to school.She may be exhibiting ____ phobia.

Accepted Answer

The most suitable choice for describing Nancy's fear of going to school is "school phobia," also known as "school avoidance." This is a recognized anxiety disorder in which individuals have an intense fear of attending school, often resulting in excessive absenteeism and difficulty with academic and social performance. While academic, social, and teacher-related fears can contribute to school phobia, the condition is characterized by a broad-based fear of the school environment itself.

Question 6

Which type of therapy is based on learning theory?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy is based on learning theory, specifically the principles of classical and operant conditioning. Its focus is on changing maladaptive behaviors by replacing them with more adaptive ones through reinforcement and other learning techniques.

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of children who grow up surrounded by violence in their environment?

Accepted Answer

Children who grow up surrounded by violence in their environment often experience sleep disturbances and have difficulty concentrating as a result of the trauma they have faced. This can also affect their behavior and emotional regulation.

Question 8

According to research on resilient children,which of the following was NOT mentioned as a protective factor?

Accepted Answer

Hired tutors were not mentioned as a protective factor for resilient children in the research.

Question 9

Margo's mother has a terminal illness and is near death.Although Margo is showing no visible emotional disturbance,her father feels that therapy is indicated because of the stress she is under.Which type of therapy is likely to be most effective in this situation?

Accepted Answer

Individual therapy is likely to be most effective in this situation because it can provide Margo with a safe and supportive environment in which to process her emotions and develop coping mechanisms.

Question 10

Katherine cries a great deal,is often tired,seems unable to concentrate or have fun,has no friends,and is doing poorly in school.She probably has

Accepted Answer

Katherine displays symptoms consistent with childhood depression, including excessive crying, fatigue, inability to concentrate or enjoy activities, social isolation and academic decline. Separation anxiety disorder and school phobia would likely involve more specific fears or avoidance behaviors related to being away from a particular person or place. Acting-out disorder is not a recognized diagnosis.

Question 11

Unfavorable attitudes toward members of certain groups is considered to be

Accepted Answer

Prejudice refers to an unjustifiable negative attitude toward a group and its members. It is considered to be a harmful and unfair way of thinking that can lead to discrimination and unfair treatment. Maladaptive, pressure, and antisocial do not accurately reflect the nature of unfavorable attitudes towards certain groups.

Question 12

_____ can harm children's development through its impact on parents' emotional state.

Accepted Answer

Poverty can have a significant impact on parents' emotional well-being, causing stress, anxiety, and depression. This, in turn, can negatively affect their ability to provide a nurturing and supportive environment for their children, potentially leading to long-term developmental issues. A lack of resources, such as access to quality education, healthcare, and nutritious food, can also hinder children's growth and wellbeing.

Question 13

Michael recently had to move away from all his friends and start a new school and new football team.Michael's parents know that he will be fine and able to function as normal.Michael is a very _____ child.

Accepted Answer

Resilient means able to withstand and recover from difficult situations, which fits well with Michael's ability to start anew and function normally despite moving away from his friends. Proactive, resistant, and strong do not necessarily imply that Michael can handle change and adversity as well as being resilient.

Question 14

Which of the following terms does Elkind use to describe a child who is expected to grow up too soon?

Accepted Answer

Elkind uses the term "hurried" to describe a child who is expected to grow up too soon.

Question 15

Children form _____ systems,which include inclusive self-concepts that integrate various parts of self.

Accepted Answer

Representational systems refer to the mental frameworks that children construct to organize their experiences and understand the world around them. In the context of this question, children form representational systems or frameworks that include a sense of self, which influences their self-esteem, dependence, and overall esteem. Therefore, choice A is the best answer.

Question 16

Many times the first step toward resolving the child's problems is to seek which type of therapy?

Accepted Answer

Family therapy is often the first step in resolving a child's problems as it allows for exploring any family dynamics or communication patterns that may be contributing to the child's issues. It also provides an opportunity for the family to work together and support the child's progress. Individual therapy may also be necessary, but it often complements family therapy rather than replaces it. Behavior and group therapy may be helpful for specific issues, but they are not typically the first step in addressing a child's general problems.

Question 17

Marty has been attending morning kindergarten and is having a difficult time every morning when his mom leaves the classroom.Marty may be showing criteria for ______ _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Marty's difficulty with his mother leaving the classroom points to separation anxiety disorder. This is characterized by excessive fear or anxiety when separation from attachment figures such as parents or caregivers occurs. Marty's distress specifically occurs during school times, which is consistently in line with separation anxiety disorder.

Question 18

In recent years,the use of drug therapy to treat children has ______ in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The phrase "greatly increased" indicates that there has been a significant rise in the use of drug therapy to treat children in the United States.

Question 19

Resilient children are most likely to be all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Resilient children are able to bounce back and adapt to difficult situations, which suggests that they have already experienced challenging situations or frustrating problems before. Therefore, option D does not fit the description of a resilient child. The other options - good students, close to at least one adult, and attending an effective school - are all characteristics that resilient children are likely to have.

Question 20

Michelle is seeing a therapist one-on-one,to help her with her fear of school.Michelle is seeking which form of treatment?

Accepted Answer

Michelle is seeing a therapist one-on-one, which indicates that she is seeking individual therapy. Option A (Administrative therapy) and Option D (Soloist therapy) are not recognized forms of therapy, and Option B (Group therapy) involves multiple individuals attending therapy sessions together.

Quiz 10: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood