Question 1

People with low self-esteem ______ than those with higher self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

People with low self-esteem tend to rely more on the validation and approval of others, which can lead to dependency on others.

Question 2

______ has been associated with success for managers and salespeople.

Accepted Answer

Extroversion (an outgoing personality)has been associated with success for managers and salespeople.

Question 3

A person who is apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment is said to have a(n) ______ personality.

Accepted Answer

A proactive personality is characterized by taking initiative and persevering to influence the environment. Emotionally stable, extroverted, emotionally intelligent, and self-efficacious personalities may exhibit similar traits but do not specifically include the proactive trait.

Question 4

People high in ______ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues.

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to perceive, understand, and manage one's own emotions, as well as to be aware of and responsive to the emotions of others. Therefore, people high in emotional intelligence are likely to be responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues.

Question 5

_____________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves. Emotional stability refers to the degree to which someone is stable and consistent in their emotional reactions. Self-awareness refers to a person's ability to recognize and understand their own thoughts and behaviors. Locus of control refers to a person's belief about the degree to which they are in control of their own life outcomes. Self-efficacy refers to a person's belief in their own ability to succeed at a particular task or in a specific situation. None of these options address the concept of liking or disliking oneself, which is specifically captured by self-esteem.

Question 6

Stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person her identity are known as her _____.

Accepted Answer

Personality refers to stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person their identity. Character, attitudes, attributions, and values can all be aspects of personality, but personality encompasses a wider range of traits and attributes.

Question 7

Brad supervises several employees who seem to have low self-efficacy. To improve this, he should do all the following except _____.

Accepted Answer

Avoiding rewarding small successes would further decrease the employees' self-efficacy. The other options are all effective ways to improve self-efficacy, as they involve providing support, guidance, and recognition for accomplishments.

Question 8

Which of the following is not one of the Big Five personality dimensions?

Accepted Answer

Tolerance for ambiguity is not one of the Big Five personality dimensions. The Big Five dimensions are extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a Big Five Personality dimension?

Accepted Answer

Aggressiveness is not one of the Big Five Personality dimensions. The five dimensions are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (also referred to as Emotional Stability).

Question 10

Boring, tedious jobs generally reduce people's perceptions of their _____.

Accepted Answer

Complex, challenging, and autonomous jobs tend to enhance people's perceptions of their self-efficacy. Boring, tedious jobs generally do the opposite.

Question 11

Employees with a(n) ______ locus of control will probably resist close managerial supervision and should probably be placed in jobs requiring high initiative and lower compliance.

Accepted Answer

Employees with a high internal locus of control believe that they are in control of their own fate and are more likely to take initiative and responsibility for their work. Such employees would resist close managerial supervision and should be placed in jobs requiring high initiative and lower compliance.

Question 12

__________ is the extent to which people feel secure and unworried and how likely they are to experience negative emotions under pressure.

Accepted Answer

Emotional stability is the trait that refers to the extent to which people feel secure and unworried and how likely they are to experience negative emotions under pressure. It is also known as neuroticism or emotional resilience.

Question 13

______ is the personality dimension that describes how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded a person is.

Accepted Answer

The personality dimension that describes how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded a person is, is known as openness to experience. It is one of the five major dimensions of personality, also known as the Big Five.

Question 14

______ is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is.

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is. This trait includes being organized, responsible, and reliable, as well as having a strong work ethic and a desire to succeed. People who are high in conscientiousness tend to set long-term goals and work diligently to achieve them.

Question 15

Julie really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Julie probably scores high in _____.

Accepted Answer

Julie's enjoyment of socializing and networking at work functions indicates a high level of extroversion, which describes a person's outgoing, sociable nature.

Question 16

People with ______ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.

Accepted Answer

Those with an internal locus of control exhibit less anxiety, greater work motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.

Question 17

If a manager knows one of his employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, he should _____.

Accepted Answer

Reinforcing the employee's positive attributes and skills can help enhance their self-esteem. Providing frequent reminders about improving weaknesses and avoiding giving feedback can actually decrease self-esteem. Avoiding delegating work to this employee may also not be helpful in the long term as it can reinforce their lack of confidence in their abilities. Redesigning the work to be routine and structured may provide temporary relief but may not address the underlying issue of low self-esteem.

Question 18

Caroline's manager notices that she exhibits an internal locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should _____.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with an internal locus of control believe that they can influence events and their outcomes based on their own actions and decisions. Providing incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions can be effective for individuals with an internal locus of control as they will be motivated by the belief that their efforts will be rewarded. The other options are not necessarily appropriate for someone with an internal locus of control.

Question 19

If you have a(n) ____________, you believe you control your own destiny.

Accepted Answer

Internal locus of control refers to the belief that one's actions and decisions determine their outcomes and destiny. Thus, individuals with an internal locus of control tend to take more responsibility for their lives and feel empowered to make changes.

Question 20

Matt is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions?

Accepted Answer

The Big Five personality model includes five broad dimensions of personality, one of which is emotional stability. Matt's description of being nervous, tense, and worried indicates low emotional stability, which is often associated with anxiety and negative emotions.

Quiz 11: Managing Individual Differences and Behavior: Supervising People As People