Question 1

What physical and topographical aspects of Mesopotamia and Egypt contributed to their respective religions?

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Question 2

Identify/define and explain the significance of the following: Bronze Age.

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Question 3

Identify/define and explain the significance of the following: Paleolithic Age.

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Question 4

How is Gilgamesh portrayed in a heroic light in the relief contained in this chapter?

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Question 5

Artifacts shown on various pages in this chapter all depict subjugated peoples paying homage to their conquerors.What message do these monuments convey about the governance of conquered peoples in these ancient societies?

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Question 6

Discuss the role of law codes in the development of ancient Near Eastern, Egyptian, and Hebrew civilizations.

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Question 7

How did the ancient Near Eastern cultures contribute to the formation of Western civilization?

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Question 8

How is Queen Hatshepsut portrayed in the sphinx shown in this chapter? Why did the historical circumstances necessitate such a portrayal?

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Question 9

Review the "Jeremiah Reproaches Israel" feature in this chapter.To what historical events does this passage refer?

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Question 10

Review the "Hammurabi's Law Code" feature in this chapter.How would you characterize the punishments meted out for various crimes discussed in these excerpts? What do these crimes and their punishments reveal about the values of this society?

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Question 11

Review the feature entitled "The Salvation of Israel" in this chapter.What kind of a relationship does the passage reveal between God and the people of Israel?

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Question 12

As societies become increasingly complex, do their religious and ethical ideas also become more complicated? What evidence do you find in the chapter to support or refute this view?

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Question 13

Review the "Jeremiah Reproaches Israel" feature in this chapter.How does this passage illustrate that monotheism took hold slowly? How did political and historical circumstances complicate the emergence of monotheism?

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Question 14

Review the "Hammurabi's Law Code" feature in this chapter.What is the relationship between Marduk and Hammurabi, and what are the wider implications of this relationship for the king and for Babylonian law and society?

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Question 15

In reviewing the history of the ancient Near East from 3000 to 500
B.C., summarize the reasons for the wars fought by the cultures you have studied.What were the motives of the expansionist powers? What did they gain if they were successful? Be sure to use specific examples from the reading.

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Question 16

Compare the Hebrew religion with the other religions of the ancient Near East in terms of deities, priesthoods, social orders, prophets, and attitudes toward women.

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Question 17

There are strong similarities among sections of the Old Testament, Hammurabi's Law Code, and the creation stories of the Sumerians, Egyptians, and Hebrews.Given the historical time frames, could these cultures have "borrowed" myths and legends from one another, or is it more likely that each culture developed its creation stories independently?

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Question 18

How might the monumental architecture of the ziggurat seen in this chapter reflect the fusion of government and religion in Mesopotamia?

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Question 19

Review the feature entitled "The Salvation of Israel" in this chapter.What kind of a god does this passage describe? How different is this religious figure from the gods of Egypt or Mesopotamia?

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