Carstensen (1995,1996)determined that many older individuals tend to reduce social contacts as they age but keep involved in hobbies and other interests that may or may not include others.She presented these findings as:

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Carstensen's findings align with the socioemotional selectivity theory, which suggests that as individuals age, they become more selective in their social relationships, focusing on those that are most emotionally meaningful. While they may reduce overall social contact, they remain engaged in activities that bring them satisfaction and fulfillment, regardless of whether or not they are done with others. The activity theory proposes that increased activity and engagement is key to successful aging, while the disengagement theory suggests that older individuals naturally withdraw from social roles and relationships. The structuralist theory focuses on societal factors that shape opportunities and constraints for older adults.

Carstensen (1995,1996)determined That Many Older Individuals Tend to Reduce Social