Which of the Following Is Not a Concern the Labor

Which of the following is not a concern the labor movement has for workers regarding nonunion representation plans versus unions?

A) While it looks like a bilateral mechanism to employees, the formation, structure, nature, and continued existence of the plan is actually unilaterally controlled by management
B) Managers can pacify the workers by occasionally giving the representation plan a "victory" without truly granting the employees any power
C) There is also the potential for management to convey subtle and not-so-subtle antiunion messages
D) Nonunion representation plans might result in over-empowerment of employees and reduce the need for unionization.