Question 1

Ana is a police detective in a metropolitan police force.She believes that she is just as good a detective as her male counterparts.Because she is female,many of her counterparts assume that she will type up their reports as well as her own.She has been doing this typing for a while and is increasingly feeling under rewarded for her efforts.In terms of ____,she will more than likely decrease her inputs by refusing to do typing for other detectives.
A)expectancy theory
B)reinforcement theory
C)equity theory
D)hierarchy of needs theory
E)two-factor theory

Accepted Answer

This situation is related to equity theory, which suggests that individuals compare their inputs (efforts, contributions) and outputs (rewards, outcomes) to those of others to determine if they are being treated fairly. Ana is perceiving an inequity in her situation, as she feels she is contributing more (typing reports) than her male counterparts, but receiving the same rewards (pay, recognition). As a result, she may reduce her inputs (refusing to type others' reports) to restore a sense of fairness and balance.

Question 2

At work anybody can be good doing the tasks they like,but to be great they have to be good at doing the tasks they do not like too.Greatness is part of Maslow's ____ need.
A)esteem
B)social
C)self-actualization
D)security
E)physiological

Accepted Answer

The concept of self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy of needs refers to the highest level of fulfillment and personal growth, which includes an individual's desire to reach their full potential and achieve greatness. Therefore, the statement suggests that to achieve greatness, one needs to fulfill their self-actualization needs, which in turn implies that the answer is option C.

Question 3

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other laws and regulations spell out the consequences for violation of the rules.What kind of reinforcement procedure is this?
A)Avoidance
B)Extinction
C)Positive reinforcement
D)Punishment
E)Distortion

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other laws and...

Question 4

A construction worker injured on the job is on convalescent time-off for five weeks.She can't wait to get back to work and accomplish something.This is a(n)____ need.
A)esteem
B)power
C)affiliation
D)security
E)achievement

Accepted Answer

The worker's desire to get back to work and accomplish something indicates a need for achievement, as defined in Maslow's hierarchy of needs. This need is related to the individual's desire to reach their potential and fulfill their goals.

Question 5

Gary retired.He misses his friends from work.Retirement is not fulfilling which level of need in Maslow's hierarchy
A)belongingness.
B)esteem.
C)security.
D)physiological.
E)self-actualization.

Accepted Answer

Belongingness needs refer to the need for social interaction, companionship, and the desire to be accepted by others. As Gary misses his friends from work, it indicates that he is experiencing a lack of belongingness, which is one of the lower levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Retirement may not necessarily provide him with the social interaction and companionship that he had with his work friends, hence he is experiencing a sense of unfulfillment.

Question 6

Wegmans sends deli employees to France to learn about cheese.Wegmans is attempting to meet ____ needs.
A)esteem
B)psychological
C)security
D)belongingness,esteem,and self-actualization
E)self-actualization

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wegmans sends deli employees to France to...

Question 7

Neal works for the state of Vermont.He perceives that his union will protect him from getting fired,but the only way he will get promoted is if the person above him retires or dies.He has
A)low effort-to-performance expectancy,and low performance-to-outcome expectancy.
B)low effort-to-performance expectancy,and high performance-to-outcome expectancy.
C)high effort-to-performance expectancy,and low performance-to-outcome expectancy.
D)high effort-to-performance expectancy,and high performance-to-outcome expectancy.
E)zero valence.

Accepted Answer

Neal has a low effort-to-performance expectancy because he perceives that putting in effort will not necessarily result in better performance, as promotion is based solely on the retirement or death of the person above him. He also has a low performance-to-outcome expectancy because even if he were to perform well, he may still not get promoted due to the limited opportunities.

Question 8

Which of the following motivational theories is based on the idea that employees compare the treatment they receive relative to others' treatment in order to determine if they are being treated fairly?
A)Expectancy
B)Reinforcement
C)Equity
D)Hierarchy of needs
E)Two-factor

Accepted Answer

Equity theory proposes that individuals will compare their own inputs and outcomes to those of others in order to determine if they are receiving fair treatment. This comparison is necessary because individuals have a need to maintain a sense of equity or fairness in their relationships with others. Therefore, if employees perceive that they are not being treated fairly relative to others in the organization, they may become demotivated or dissatisfied with their work.

Question 9

Princeton Alliance Church has a goal of helping 150 more orphans in Brazil.They need to raise money,build a new facility,hire staff,reach out to children on the street and gain their trust.PAC has goal
A)specificity.
B)acceptance.
C)conformity.
D)congruity.
E)difficulty.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Princeton Alliance Church has a goal of...

Question 10

According to Maslow's hierarchy,when a worker satisfies his or her security needs,what will he or she do next?
A)Nothing¾they are now satisfied and don't need to make any more effort.
B)Work to satisfy self-esteem needs
C)Regress to fulfilling physiological needs again
D)Work to satisfy belongingness needs
E)Maslow doesn't make a prediction about what they would do next.

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, once security needs are satisfied, individuals typically move on to satisfy their belongingness and love needs.

Question 11

Which of the following is a process theory of motivation?
A)Maslow's need hierarchy
B)McClelland's work on need for power
C)McClelland's work on need for achievement
D)Two-factor theory
E)Equity theory

Accepted Answer

Equity theory is a process theory of motivation that focuses on how individuals perceive fairness in distribution of resources and rewards, and how this perception affects their motivation and behavior.

Question 12

Leo showed up late for a meeting.His boss ignored it.She was using
A)avoidance.
B)extinction.
C)positive reinforcement.
D)punishment.
E)distortion.

Accepted Answer

Extinction is the process of ignoring or withholding attention or reinforcement to decrease the frequency of a behavior. In this scenario, Leo's boss ignored his tardiness, which means she withheld attention. Therefore, this is an example of extinction.

Question 13

Tyler told Emily to improve public opinion.The goal that Emily was given lacks goal
A)specificity.
B)acceptance.
C)conformity.
D)congruity.
E)difficulty.

Accepted Answer

The goal given to Emily lacks specificity. "Improve public opinion" is a vague and general direction, giving Emily little guidance on what specifically she needs to do to achieve the goal. Increasing specificity would provide more clarity and direction for Emily to work towards achieving the goal.

Question 14

What is the most important idea for managers to remember from equity theory?
A)Over-rewarded employees perform best.
B)Under-rewarded employees perform best.
C)For rewards to motivate employees,employees must perceive them as being fair.
D)Employees must consider their inputs equal to the inputs of their "comparison other."
E)Employees must consider their outcomes equal to the outcomes of their "comparison other."

Accepted Answer

The most important idea for managers to remember from equity theory is that for rewards to motivate employees, employees must perceive them as being fair. This means that employees do not only consider their own inputs and outcomes, but also compare them to the inputs and outcomes of others in the organization. If employees perceive that their rewards are not fair compared to others in similar positions, they may become demotivated and dissatisfied with their work. Therefore, managers need to ensure that rewards and recognition are distributed fairly to all employees in order to enhance their motivation and job satisfaction. Options A, B, D, and E are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the central idea of equity theory.

Question 15

Thirty-three miners in Chile were trapped underground for months.Authorities could get food and basic necessities to them and they had a video camera to communicate with people above.NASA advised the authorities to keep them busy with tasks.That was to meet their need for
A)achievement.
B)affiliation.
C)power.
D)security.
E)potential.

Accepted Answer

Keeping the trapped miners busy with tasks was aimed at meeting their need for achievement, which is the drive to accomplish challenging goals and the desire for recognition and success. By giving the miners tasks, they were able to focus on something productive while they waited to be rescued, which could have helped them maintain a sense of purpose and satisfaction.

Question 16

Brianna has a goal of living a healthier lifestyle.She has improved the foods she eats and is getting more physical activity.She has goal
A)specificity.
B)acceptance.
C)conformity.
D)congruity.
E)difficulty.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brianna has a goal of living a...

Question 17

According to Maslow,the need that people have for respect and recognition is the need for
A)achievement.
B)security.
C)self-respect.
D)belongingness.
E)esteem.

Accepted Answer

Maslow identified two needs related to esteem - the need for self-esteem (e.g. self-confidence and self-respect) and the need for esteem from others (e.g. status and recognition). Therefore, the best choice is E, esteem.

Question 18

Amelia believes that if she runs longer in practice,she will race faster at meets.Which of the following is true for Amelia?
A)Her efforts are low.
B)Her performance-to-outcome expectancy is high.
C)The sum of her outcome valences is high.
D)Her effort-to-performance expectancy is high.
E)None of these.

Accepted Answer

Effort-to-performance expectancy refers to an individual's belief that increased effort will result in improved performance. In this case, Amelia believes that running longer in practice will lead to faster racing times, indicating a high effort-to-performance expectancy.

Question 19

A manager has been told that she will get a $50,000 bonus if her team meets their quota.She has also been informed that she will be fired if she does not get her team above last year's total.Which motivation theory is her boss most likely using?
A)Equity theory
B)Maslow's needs hierarchy
C)Two-factor theory
D)Expectancy theory
E)None of these.

Accepted Answer

The motivation theory her boss is most likely using is Expectancy Theory as it suggests that employees are motivated by the belief that their effort will lead to high performance and high performance will lead to reaching the desired outcome or reward. In this case, the manager has been offered a bonus if her team meets their quota, which serves as a desired outcome or reward. On the other hand, she has also been informed that she will be fired if she does not get her team above last year's total, which serves as a negative outcome or punishment, reinforcing the value of meeting the quota and the importance of high performance.

Question 20

In expectancy theory,raises,promotions,stress and resentment are all ____.
A)factors
B)motivations
C)reinforcements
D)outcomes
E)valences

Accepted Answer

In expectancy theory, raises, promotions, stress, and resentment are considered outcomes, as they are seen as the direct results of an individual's behaviors and performance. Outcomes have an impact on an individual's motivation and their expectation of future outcomes, leading to a change in their behavior or performance.

Quiz 10: Managing Employee Motivation and Performance

At work anybody can be good doing the tasks they like,but to be great they have to be good at doing the tasks they do not like too.Greatness is part of Maslow's ____ need.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other laws and regulations spell out the consequences for violation of the rules.What kind of reinforcement procedure is this?

A construction worker injured on the job is on convalescent time-off for five weeks.She can't wait to get back to work and accomplish something.This is a(n) ____ need.

Gary retired.He misses his friends from work.Retirement is not fulfilling which level of need in Maslow's hierarchy

Wegmans sends deli employees to France to learn about cheese.Wegmans is attempting to meet ____ needs.

Neal works for the state of Vermont.He perceives that his union will protect him from getting fired,but the only way he will get promoted is if the person above him retires or dies.He has

Which of the following motivational theories is based on the idea that employees compare the treatment they receive relative to others' treatment in order to determine if they are being treated fairly?

Princeton Alliance Church has a goal of helping 150 more orphans in Brazil.They need to raise money,build a new facility,hire staff,reach out to children on the street and gain their trust.PAC has goal

According to Maslow's hierarchy,when a worker satisfies his or her security needs,what will he or she do next?

Which of the following is a process theory of motivation?

Leo showed up late for a meeting.His boss ignored it.She was using

Tyler told Emily to improve public opinion.The goal that Emily was given lacks goal

What is the most important idea for managers to remember from equity theory?

Thirty-three miners in Chile were trapped underground for months.Authorities could get food and basic necessities to them and they had a video camera to communicate with people above.NASA advised the authorities to keep them busy with tasks.That was to meet their need for

Brianna has a goal of living a healthier lifestyle.She has improved the foods she eats and is getting more physical activity.She has goal

According to Maslow,the need that people have for respect and recognition is the need for

Amelia believes that if she runs longer in practice,she will race faster at meets.Which of the following is true for Amelia?

A manager has been told that she will get a $50,000 bonus if her team meets their quota.She has also been informed that she will be fired if she does not get her team above last year's total.Which motivation theory is her boss most likely using?

In expectancy theory,raises,promotions,stress and resentment are all ____.