Question 1

"Individuals are changing beings in a changing world." Which characteristic of development is reflected in this statement?

Accepted Answer

This statement reflects that development is contextual, meaning it occurs within a set of circumstances or environment that influences the individual's growth and change.

Question 2

Dr.Tepper-Harmon believes that life-span development cannot be studied without considering biological,socioemotional,and cognitive dimensions.Dr.Tepper-Harmon believes that development is:

Accepted Answer

Dr.Tepper-Harmon emphasizes that life-span development cannot be analyzed solely from one dimension or domain. Instead, multiple dimensions- biological, socioemotional, and cognitive- must be considered to see development from a more comprehensive viewpoint. Therefore, the best choice from the given options is C, multidimensional.

Question 3

The idea that no age period dominates development highlights the life-span perspective that development is:

Accepted Answer

The life-span perspective emphasizes that development is lifelong, meaning that no single age period is more important than another in terms of development. This perspective views development as a continuous process that occurs throughout the entire lifespan, from birth to death.

Question 4

Tzu-Chiang is 55 years old and is currently enrolled in a college algebra course.He is pleasantly surprised that he is performing well in the course despite not taking a formal math class for over 30 years.He is able to learn new mathematical concepts with relative ease.Researchers would consider this an instance that illustrates how development is:

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes Tzu-Chiang's ability to learn new mathematical concepts with ease despite being out of formal math education for over 30 years. This highlights the concept of plasticity, which refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt throughout the lifespan in response to new experiences and learning.

Question 5

_____ include biological processes such as puberty and menopause.They also include sociocultural,environmental processes such as beginning formal education and retirement.

Accepted Answer

Normative age-graded influences are predictable and universal changes that occur to most people as they grow older, such as biological processes like puberty and menopause, as well as sociocultural and environmental processes like beginning formal education and retirement. Normative history-graded influences, on the other hand, refer to events that are unique to a particular generation or cohort, such as wars or technological advances. Normative life events are major life transitions, such as getting married, having a child, or losing a loved one, that typically happen around the same time for many people, but are not universal. Nonnormative life events are unexpected and unpredictable occurrences that can have a major impact on an individual's life, such as winning the lottery or experiencing a natural disaster.

Question 6

"You can't teach an old dog new tricks." This old saying refutes Paul Baltes' life-span perspective that views development as being:

Accepted Answer

The saying suggests that once an individual reaches a certain age, they become set in their ways and unable to adapt or learn new things. Baltes' life-span perspective emphasizes the concept of plasticity, the idea that development can change and adapt throughout the entire lifespan. Therefore, this saying contradicts Baltes' perspective and suggests a fixed mindset towards aging and development.

Question 7

By age 51,most women enter menopause.This is an example of how a biological process can exert a _____ influence on development.

Accepted Answer

Menopause is a normative age-graded biological process that occurs in most women around the age of 51. Normative age-graded influences on development are typical and predictable changes that occur at certain ages or stages of life.

Question 8

Many individuals become wiser as they age,but their performance on tasks that require speed in processing information starts to decline.This illustrates how throughout life,some dimensions or components of a dimension expand and others shrink,or how development is:

Accepted Answer

The shrinking of one component (speed in processing information) and expansion of another (wisdom) illustrates that development is multidirectional, meaning that different aspects of development can grow or decline at different rates.

Question 9

Life expectancy in the United States has increased by _____ years during the twentieth century.

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, life expectancy in the United States increased by approximately 30 years during the twentieth century. In 1900, the average life expectancy was only around 47 years, while in 2000, it had risen to about 77 years. However, it's worth noting that life expectancy has plateaued or even decreased slightly in recent years due to factors like opioid addiction and increasing rates of obesity and related illnesses.

Question 10

The life expectancy in the United States is currently:

Accepted Answer

According to the World Bank, the life expectancy in the United States as of 2019 is 78 years.

Question 11

Development can be defined as the pattern of movement or change that:

Accepted Answer

Development starts at conception and continues throughout the human lifespan. This is because development includes not only physical growth and changes but also cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur over time. These changes can continue to occur throughout a person's life.

Question 12

Influences that generally affect a generation-for example,the effect of the Vietnam war on the baby boomers-are considered _____ influences.

Accepted Answer

Normative history-graded influences refer to events that are experienced by a whole generation at a particular time in history (such as wars, economic depressions, or natural disasters). The effect of the Vietnam War on the baby boomers is an example of a normative history-graded influence. Nonnormative multidirectional influences are more random or unique events that affect individuals or small groups (such as a car accident or winning the lottery). Normative age-graded influences are more predictable and routine events that occur at a particular age range (such as puberty or retirement). Nonnormative age-graded influences are also unique events, but they are specific to an individual's life (such as the death of a parent or getting a promotion).

Question 13

_____ means the capacity for change.

Accepted Answer

Plasticity refers to the capacity for change, especially in the brain's ability to reorganize neural pathways and connections in response to new experiences or learning. Elasticity refers to the ability to stretch and return to its original shape, contextuality refers to the influence of the context or environment on behavior or understanding, and tenacity refers to persistence and determination.

Question 14

Psychologists,sociologists,anthropologists,neuroscientists,and medical researchers all share an interest in unlocking the mysteries of development through the life span.This indicates how development is:

Accepted Answer

The fact that multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, anthropology, neuroscience, and medical research, are interested in studying development indicates that development is multidisciplinary.

Question 15

The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence,especially during infancy,little or no change in adulthood,and decline in old age.

Accepted Answer

This approach is known as the traditional approach to development, which has been criticized for its narrow focus on childhood and adolescence and its assumption of little to no change in adulthood. It also neglects individual differences in development and does not account for cultural and environmental influences.

Question 16

On your first day of class,Professor Red-Elk claims that for too long we have focused on the development of young children,especially infants.She argues that the development of adults and elderly people is just as important.This professor is articulating a(n)_____ approach.

Accepted Answer

Professor Red-Elk's emphasis on the development of adults and elderly people indicates a life-span approach, which examines development across the entire lifespan rather than just focusing on specific age ranges or developmental periods.

Question 17

When teaching his psychology class,Professor Sharma emphasizes that developmental change occurs throughout adulthood as well as childhood.Professor Sharma is taking a(n)_____ approach to developmental change.

Accepted Answer

Professor Sharma's emphasis on developmental change occurring throughout adulthood as well as childhood suggests he is taking a life-span approach, which focuses on development across the entire lifespan from birth to death. The other options of evolutionary, normative, and constructivist do not fit with the emphasis on developmental change throughout the lifespan.

Question 18

If you subscribe to Paul Baltes' perspective of life-span development,which of the following statements would you NOT agree with?

Accepted Answer

According to Paul Baltes' perspective of life-span development, development is multidirectional instead of unidirectional.

Question 19

The maximum life span of humans:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maximum life span of humans:
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Question 20

Two developmental psychologists are having a conversation.One believes in the traditional approach of developmental change; the other believes in the life-span approach.Which of the following issues would they most likely differ on?

Accepted Answer

The traditional approach tends to focus on development mainly occurring in childhood and adolescence, while the life-span approach emphasizes that development occurs throughout the lifespan. Therefore, they would likely have different views on the timeframe in which most developmental change occurs. The other options are not necessarily related to the difference between the traditional and life-span approaches.

Quiz 1: Introduction