Question 1

As an elementary school sixth-grader,Nathan had a great deal of status.In addition to being president of the student council,he was one of the most physically large and athletically gifted students in the school.As a seventh-grader in a new middle school,Nathan now finds himself one of the youngest and least powerful individuals in the school.Nathan is experiencing the

Accepted Answer

The top-dog phenomenon refers to the transition from being at the top of the social hierarchy in elementary school to the bottom in middle school. This is what Nathan is experiencing.

Question 2

A striking feature of outstanding middle schools,according to the Carnegie Foundation,is the

Accepted Answer

The Carnegie Foundation emphasizes the importance of middle schools being willing to adapt school practices to individual differences, implying that this is a key feature of outstanding schools in this category. The other options, such as the back-to-basics movement, comprehensive training approach, and proactive classroom management with teacher teams, are not specifically mentioned by the Foundation as being defining characteristics of outstanding middle schools.

Question 3

An example of ______________________ in the classroom would be when a teacher displays images of children in diverse ethnic and cultural groups,selects play materials and classroom activities that encourage cultural understanding,helps students resist stereotyping,and works with parents.

Accepted Answer

The example provided is describing strategies for reducing bias in the classroom, such as selecting materials that encourage cultural understanding and helping students resist stereotyping.

Question 4

The "I Have a Dream" program has been successful as a ____________ program.

Accepted Answer

The "I Have a Dream" program focuses on providing support and resources to students from low-income communities to help them stay in school and graduate. This makes it a dropout prevention program. While the program may also address issues related to drug abuse prevention, teenage pregnancy prevention, and self-esteem, its primary goal is to provide educational and career development opportunities to underserved youth.

Question 5

What is the key component of the "I Have a Dream" program?

Accepted Answer

The "I Have a Dream" program is known for its personal approach rather than an institutional one. It involves providing academic and emotional support to young people from low-income communities, helping to fulfill their potential and achieve their dreams. The program is not focused on drug prevention or self-esteem specifically, and it is not teacher-directed.

Question 6

In the United States,what is the most common of the listed disorders?

Accepted Answer

Learning disabilities are the most common of the listed disorders in the United States, affecting approximately 1 in 5 individuals. Speech problems and hearing impairments are also prevalent, but not as common as learning disabilities. Emotional disturbance, while a serious issue for those affected, is less common than learning disabilities.

Question 7

What example below is beneficial for improving interethnic relations?

Accepted Answer

Both sharing one's worries, successes, and failures, and thinking of people as individuals rather than as a homogeneous cultural group are beneficial for improving interethnic relations. Sharing personal experiences and perspectives creates empathy and understanding, while recognizing individuals rather than stereotypes leads to genuine connection and appreciation for diversity. Together, these actions can help break down barriers and promote harmony between different ethnic groups.

Question 8

Which seventh-grader is most likely to not complete a high-school education?

Accepted Answer

Latino students historically have higher dropout rates compared to other ethnic groups in the U.S., due to factors like language barriers, economic challenges, and less access to educational resources.

Question 9

Schools in low-income areas are more likely to encourage ______________,while schools in higher-income areas are more likely to work with children to improve ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Schools in low-income areas often have limited resources and may focus on teaching basic skills through rote learning. Meanwhile, higher-income schools have the resources to prioritize critical thinking skills and student engagement in their education.

Question 10

What ethnic minority group has the highest high-school dropout rate?

Accepted Answer

Latinos have historically had the highest high-school dropout rates among the groups listed, due to a variety of socioeconomic factors, including poverty, language barriers, and lack of access to quality education.

Question 11

In 1989,the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development issued an evaluation of U.S.middle schools that was

Accepted Answer

The passage mentions that the evaluation issued by the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development was one of U.S. middle schools, and that it was either extremely positive or extremely negative. Since none of the other answer choices suggest a negative evaluation, B is the correct answer.

Question 12

What percentage of school-aged children in the United States receives special education or related services because of learning disabilities?

Accepted Answer

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the 2017-2018 school year, 13 percent of public school students ages 3-21 received special education services for specific learning disabilities.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is not a good strategy for improving relationships among ethnically diverse students?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing perspective taking and supporting negative thinking would only further divide ethnically diverse students and worsen relationships. The other options (A, B, and C) are all effective strategies for improving relationships among ethnically diverse students.

Question 14

School segregation is still a factor in the education of children of color in the United States.________ of African American and Latino students attend schools in which 90 percent or more of the students are from minority groups.

Accepted Answer

According to data from the National Center for Education Statistics, approximately one-third of African American and Latino students attend schools where 90 percent or more of the students are from minority groups. This indicates a high level of segregation in the education system based on race and ethnicity.

Question 15

What is an example of a teacher being a competent cultural mediator?

Accepted Answer

A competent cultural mediator is someone who has knowledge and sensitivity to the cultural differences and backgrounds of their students. This includes being aware of potentially offensive content in materials and interactions and taking steps to address it. Learning more about different ethnic groups is also an important part of cultural mediation. Therefore, both option A and B are correct.

Question 16

When Sheila completed high school,as a participant of the "I Have a Dream" program,she was then provided with

Accepted Answer

The "I Have a Dream" program is known for providing disadvantaged youth with tuition assistance for college. Therefore, it can be reasonably assumed that Sheila was provided with tuition assistance for college upon completing high school.

Question 17

Who created the "I Have a Dream" program?

Accepted Answer

Eugene Lang created the "I Have a Dream" program, which is a foundation that helps children from low-income communities access higher education. Martin Luther King Jr., while famously associated with the phrase "I Have a Dream" from his speech, did not create this program.

Question 18

The Carnegie Corporation released an evaluation of middle schools in 1989.Which of the following statements does not support this report?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Young adolescents have close relationships with teachers" would support the Carnegie Corporation's evaluation of middle schools, as their report emphasized the importance of personal relationships between students and teachers. The other statement choices criticize aspects of middle schools that the report likely addresses.

Question 19

Which statement would not be found in the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development?

Accepted Answer

The Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development emphasized the importance of citizenship and ethics education in schools, therefore the statement that says to avoid it would not be found in their recommendations.

Question 20

Joyce is dropping out of high school.The most likely reason for her doing so is

Accepted Answer

The most common reason for dropping out of high school is school-related issues such as academic challenges, disinterest or dissatisfaction with school, failing classes, or difficulty keeping up with coursework. Economic reasons, peer pressure, and pregnancy or marriage can also contribute to dropping out, but they are not as common as school-related issues.

Quiz 16: Schools and Achievement