Question 1

Approximately,_____ African Americans is a carrier for sickle-cell anemia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately,_____ African Americans is a carrier for...

Question 2

Amniocentesis brings a small risk of:

Accepted Answer

Amniocentesis carries a small but definite risk of miscarriage. The risk is estimated to be between 0.1% and 0.6%. The procedure does not increase the risk of mental retardation, limb deformities or Down syndrome in the baby.

Question 3

_____ uses a powerful magnet and radio images to generate detailed images of the body's organs and structures.

Accepted Answer

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) uses a powerful magnet and radio imaging to generate detailed images of the body's organs and structures. It is commonly used to visualize the brain, spinal cord, joints, and soft tissues. Triple screen, ultrasound sonography, and amniocentesis are all different medical tests used for prenatal care and screening, but do not involve the use of MRI technology.

Question 4

Gwendolyn is having a prenatal test where her doctor uses high-frequency sound waves directed into her abdomen to check her fetus.She is most likely having a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

The description fits most closely with an ultrasound sonography, which uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the fetus for diagnostic purposes. Chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis involve taking tissue samples from the placenta or amniotic fluid, respectively, for genetic testing. The triple screen is a blood test to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome.

Question 5

Benny has been diagnosed with a gene-linked abnormality characterized by deceleration of mental and physical development caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system.He has been put on medication and a special diet,but his family has been told that he will probably not live beyond the age of five.Benny is suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Tay-Sachs disease is a gene-linked abnormality that leads to the accumulation of lipids in the nervous system, resulting in a deceleration of mental and physical development. It is a fatal disease, with most individuals not living beyond the age of five. Medication and a special diet can help manage symptoms, but there is no cure. Spina bifida is a condition where the spinal cord does not develop properly and can lead to varying degrees of physical impairment, but it is not linked to lipid accumulation. Phenylketonuria is a genetic disorder that affects the breakdown of the amino acid phenylalanine and can lead to intellectual disability if not managed properly. Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that affects the nerve cells in the brain and can cause a range of physical and cognitive symptoms. None of these conditions match Benny's symptoms as described.

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding chorionic villus sampling (CVS)and amniocentesis is true?

Accepted Answer

Both CVS and amniocentesis are prenatal diagnostic tests that provide valuable information about the presence of birth defects. However, while both tests carry some risk, studies have shown that the risk of miscarriage is higher with CVS than with amniocentesis. There is also no evidence that either test increases the risk of limb deformities in the fetus. Finally, while amniocentesis can provide results sooner than CVS, the decision to have an abortion is a personal one and should not be made solely based on the timing of test results.

Question 7

Samantha has been diagnosed with _____,which is a glandular dysfunction that interferes with mucus production.

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the glands that produce mucus and sweat. It interferes with the production of mucus, which can cause a build-up in the lungs, leading to breathing difficulties and increased susceptibility to infections.

Question 8

Joshua,a 2-year-old,has been diagnosed with _____,a blood disorder that limits the body's oxygen supply and can cause joint swelling and heart and kidney failure.This genetic disorder can be treated through penicillin,pain medication,antibiotics and blood transfusions.His doctor has indicated that a study named Baby HUG may offer a better drug in the future.

Accepted Answer

Sickle-cell anemia is a blood disorder that causes the body to produce abnormal hemoglobin, which can lead to a reduced oxygen supply and a range of health problems. Penicillin, pain medication, antibiotics, and blood transfusions are common treatments for sickle-cell anemia. Baby HUG is a research study designed to investigate new treatments for sickle-cell anemia, so the doctor's suggestion that this study may offer a better drug in the future suggests that Joshua has been diagnosed with sickle-cell anemia.

Question 9

Tamera has a genetic disorder where her red blood cells take on a hook shape instead of the normal disk shape.The doctors tell Tamera's parents that she has _____,and that this condition also provides her with a resistance to malaria.

Accepted Answer

Sickle-cell anemia is the genetic disorder that causes red blood cells to take on a hook shape, which can result in various health problems. However, individuals who have sickle-cell anemia are also less susceptible to contracting malaria. Tay-Sach's disease, leukemia, and Huntington's disease are all genetic disorders that affect different aspects of the body and do not provide any resistance to malaria.

Question 10

Mary and Jim are expecting a child and prenatal diagnostic procedures have confirmed that the fetus has _____,a neural tube disorder that causes brain and spine abnormalities.Their physician has explained that this gene-linked abnormality could be treated with corrective surgery at birth,orthopedic devices,and physical or medical therapy.

Accepted Answer

Spina bifida is a neural tube disorder that causes brain and spine abnormalities. It can be treated with corrective surgery at birth, orthopedic devices, and physical or medical therapy. Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that affects the nervous system and has no cure, phenylketonuria can also be managed with a special diet but cannot be cured, and Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that affects the nervous system and has no cure.

Question 11

Lindsay's body does not produce enough insulin,causing an abnormal metabolism of sugar.She is receiving insulin treatment.Lindsay has:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described match those of diabetes, specifically type 1 diabetes, which is characterized by a lack of insulin production by the body. Insulin treatment is a common treatment for diabetes.

Question 12

Paul suffers from hemophilia.Suggest an appropriate treatment option for Paul's condition.

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in clotting factors in the blood. Treatment for hemophilia often involves replacing the missing clotting factors through injections or blood transfusions. This is the most appropriate and effective treatment for Paul's condition. Insulin treatment is used for diabetes, not hemophilia. Physical therapy and oxygen therapy may be helpful for some symptoms of hemophilia but do not address the underlying clotting disorder.

Question 13

Which of the following is the vascular organ that links the fetus to the mother's uterus?

Accepted Answer

The placenta is a specialized organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy and serves as a link between the fetus and the mother. It allows for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the mother's blood supply and that of the developing fetus. The fallopian tubes are responsible for transporting the egg from the ovary to the uterus, while the ovary produces and releases the egg. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. None of these organs serve as the link between the fetus and the mother's uterus.

Question 14

Patrick suffers from _____,a genetic abnormality in which delayed blood clotting causes internal and external bleeding.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the symptoms of hemophilia, a genetic disorder that affects blood clotting and causes internal and external bleeding. Phenylketonuria affects the metabolism of amino acids, sickle-cell anemia affects red blood cells, and Tay-Sachs disease affects the central nervous system.

Question 15

_____ is a gene-linked abnormality in which the central nervous system deteriorates,producing problems in muscle coordination and mental deterioration.

Accepted Answer

Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. It typically results in problems with coordination, including jerky movements and difficulties with balance, and can also lead to mental deterioration and psychiatric problems.

Question 16

_____ refers to a form of mental retardation involving an abnormally small brain.

Accepted Answer

Microencephaly refers to a condition in which a person's brain is smaller than normal, leading to intellectual disability and developmental delays. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, infections, and exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy.

Question 17

Penny has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis.Which of the following would be an appropriate course of treatment for her?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the respiratory and digestive systems. Treatment for cystic fibrosis includes physical therapy to help clear mucus, oxygen therapy to assist with breathing, synthetic enzymes to aid with digestion, and antibiotics to prevent lung infections. Medication for pain, blood transfusions, and hydroxyurea would not be appropriate treatments for cystic fibrosis. Insulin treatment or blood transfusions/injections are also not typically used in the treatment of cystic fibrosis.

Question 18

Which of the following is a gene-linked abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a gene-linked abnormality caused by a mutation in the gene that produces an enzyme needed to break down an amino acid called phenylalanine. This results in a toxic buildup of phenylalanine and can lead to intellectual disability and other neurological problems if left untreated. Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome are chromosomal abnormalities, not gene-linked abnormalities.

Question 19

Identify a risk related to the use of chorionic villus sampling (CVS)as a prenatal diagnostic test.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify a risk related to the use...

Question 20

Esperanza is having a prenatal test to remove a small sample of the placenta for genetic testing.Identify the test that her doctor is performing.

Accepted Answer

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) involves removing a small sample of the placenta for genetic testing, which is the test that Esperanza's doctor is performing. Amniocentesis involves taking a sample of the amniotic fluid for testing, noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) involves testing the mother's blood for fetal DNA, and the triple screen is a blood test that measures a combination of hormones and proteins to assess the risk of certain genetic conditions.

Quiz 2: Biological Beginnings