Question 1

Which of the following is not a lower respiratory infection?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary fibrosis is a restrictive pulmonary disorder, but it is not an infection.

Question 2

Which of these lower respiratory diseases should be treated with antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by a bacterial infection and should be treated with antibiotics.

Question 3

Upon X-ray,it could be seen that Josh's lungs were filled with fluid.What is the proper diagnosis for Josh's illness?

Accepted Answer

Pneumonia occurs when alveoli fill with pus and fluid making gas exchange difficult.

Question 4

How does breathing at a very low rate affect the reaction H⁺ + HCO₃^- → H₂CO₃ → H₂O + CO₂ ?

Accepted Answer

This pushes the reaction to the left and increases the pH of the blood.

Question 5

When you breathe into a paper bag after hyperventilating,you are decreasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Accepted Answer

You are increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood and therefore restoring a normal blood pH.

Question 6

What is the correct order of the following steps in the progression of lung cancer in a smoker? 1.Cilia are lost.2.There is a thickening and callusing of the cells lining the bronchi.3.Metastasis occurs.4.A tumor forms.5.Cells with atypical nuclei appear.

Accepted Answer

The first even appears to be thickening and callusing of the cells lining the bronchi. This is followed by the loss of cilia, cells with atypical nuclei, and the formation of a tumor. Finally, metastasis occurs.

Question 7

How are internal and external respiration alike?

Accepted Answer

Both involve an exchange of gases. In external respiration, carbon dioxide diffuses into the lungs and oxygen into the blood, and in internal respiration, carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood and oxygen into the tissue.

Question 8

The difference between a restrictive pulmonary disorder and an obstructive pulmonary disorder is that the in restrictive disorder the lungs have lost their elasticity and in an obstructive disorder air does not flow freely in the airways.

Accepted Answer

Restrictive disorders include pulmonary fibrosis while obstructive disorders include asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Question 9

Which way does the reaction H⁺ + HCO₃^- → H₂CO₃ → H₂O + CO₂ proceed in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

In the lungs, the reaction goes to the right and releases carbon dioxide into the lungs.

Question 10

Most of the carbon dioxide is carried in the plasma as

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ions.

Question 11

Carbonic anhydrase and carbaminohemoglobin are similar in that they are both enzymes involved in respiration.

Accepted Answer

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme involved in respiration, but carbaminohemoglobin is hemoblogin bound to carbon dioxide.

Question 12

Lung cancer,just like breast cancer,is more prevalent in women than in men.

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer is more prevalent in men.

Question 13

Carotid bodies and aortic bodies detect

Accepted Answer

Carotid bodies and aortic bodies are chemoreceptors that are sensitive to blood pH.

Question 14

One of the main symptoms of a sinus infection is hoarseness.

Accepted Answer

Hoarseness is a symptom of laryngitis, not sinusitis. Symptoms of sinusitis include postnasal discharge and facial pain.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a symptom of emphysema?

Accepted Answer

In chronic bronchitis, the airways are inflamed and filled with mucus.

Question 16

"Strep throat" is caused by what type of infecting organism?

Accepted Answer

"Strep throat" is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes.

Question 17

Even if you quit smoking,the damage to your lungs is already done and they will not return to normal.

Accepted Answer

If the body tissues are not already cancerous, the lungs may return to normal over time.

Question 18

Which of the following infections does not affect a structure in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Otitis media is an infection of the middle ear. It is included in respiratory infections because it is often a complication seen in children with nasal infections.

Question 19

Hoarseness without an upper respiratory infection could be a warning sign of cancer.

Accepted Answer

This is one of the warning signs of cancer and should be looked into by a physician.

Question 20

Which reaction does carbonic anhydrase catalyze?

Accepted Answer

Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the breakdown of carbonic acid to water and carbon dioxide.

Quiz 9: Respiratory System