Yang has given up trying to achieve an A in her psychology course because she believes that it is now impossible to earn that grade. According to control theory, Yang's belief represents:

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Yang's belief that it is impossible to achieve an A in her psychology course is a form of disengagement, which refers to a situation where an individual gives up on achieving a goal due to perceived lack of control or inability to attain the outcome. It is a core element of control theory, which focuses on how individuals perceive and manage their environment in order to achieve their goals. Performance goal orientation refers to a focus on achieving a particular outcome, while equity sensitivity and benevolence are not relevant to Yang's situation.

Yang Has Given Up Trying to Achieve an a in Her