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Psychology
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Research Methods
Quiz 11: True Experiments, part 1: Single-Factor Designs
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Question 41
Essay
Researchers design a study to test the effects of marijuana and alcohol on verbal inhibition.Participants were randomly assigned to four treatment conditions.In condition A,participants smoke a placebo joint; in condition B,participants smoke one marijuana joint; in condition C,participants smoke two marijuana joints; and in condition D,participants smoke two marijuana joints and consume one ounce of alcohol.A word association test containing a number of socially taboo,or dirty,words is administered to each participant 15 minutes after each treatment is administered.Participant l receives condition A the first day,condition B the second day,condition C the third day,and condition D the fourth day.Participant 2 receives condition D the first day,A the second day,B the third day,and C the fourth day.Participant 3 receives condition C the first day,D the second day,A the third day,and B the fourth day.Participant 4 receives condition B the first day,C the second day,D the third day,and A the fourth day.Construct a table that illustrates the experimental design for this study.Identify the design.Discuss whether you think this design controls for sequence effects,order effects,or both.
Question 42
Essay
You have a hypothesis that sugar decreases the ability to remember lists of words,and that this impairment increases with the amount of sugar that is administered.Design a between groups single factor true experiment to test this idea.Be sure to define your independent and dependent variables.How will you recruit subjects? How will you allocate subjects and conditions?
Question 43
Essay
A researcher plans a study to test the effectiveness of the discussion method in an introductory research methods course at the college level.One instructor will use the discussion method in her class several times during the semester.Another instructor will teach the same content,but without using the discussion method.The researcher will collect the following data: student scores on mid-term and final exams and on a scale measuring attitudes toward instruction.Discuss at least three recommendations that you can provide to improve this experimental design.
Question 44
Essay
Consider the posttest-only design with nonequivalent control groups.Can you think of an experimental situation in which this design might be necessary? How could you potentially strengthen the experimental design?