Question 1

When a juvenile enters into a J.O.L.T.contract he/she is required to complete ______ steps in which they are required to successfully participate and complete with their parents.

Accepted Answer

The J.O.L.T. (Juvenile Offender Learning and Training) contract typically requires the juvenile to complete 8 steps, which involve participation and completion with their parents.

Question 2

__________ is a step involved in The Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) Model.

Accepted Answer

The Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) Model involves three key steps: accountability, community safety, and competency development. Therefore, option D, "All of the above," is the correct choice.

Question 3

The first juvenile court was established in __________.

Accepted Answer

The first juvenile court was established in Cook County, Illinois in 1899, with the intention of providing a separate and more rehabilitative justice system for young offenders.

Question 4

Typically, the only person(s) in a county or state with knowledge of the wide range of programs available are __________.

Accepted Answer

Juvenile court personnel are commonly responsible for understanding and providing information about available programs for juvenile offenders. They may include court clerks, probation officers, and judges who have access to resources and can direct the offender to appropriate programs.

Question 5

There are ________ drug courts in the operational and planning phases for juveniles in the United States.

Accepted Answer

As of my last update, there were approximately 1,500 drug courts in the United States that are either operational or in the planning phases specifically for juveniles. This reflects the widespread adoption of drug courts as a strategy to address substance abuse and related criminal behavior among youth, aiming to provide a therapeutic alternative to traditional juvenile justice system processing.

Question 6

The Supreme Court decision in __________ afforded juveniles the basic due process rights adult offenders enjoy in the criminal system.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court decisions Kent v. United States (1966), In re Gault (1967), and In re Winship (1970) collectively established that juveniles are entitled to basic due process rights in the criminal justice system that are afforded to adult offenders. Therefore, the correct answer is D - all of the above.

Question 7

Juvenile crime rates rose in the following years: __________.

Accepted Answer

Juvenile crime rates began to rise in the early 1980s and continued to increase throughout the 1990s. While there may have been some increases in the 1960s and 1970s, the most significant rise occurred in the 1980s and 1990s. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Question 8

A "balanced" strategy invests heavily in _________ and _________ crime.

Accepted Answer

A balanced strategy aims to address both the root causes of crime (preventing) and the consequences of crime (controlling). By investing heavily in both preventing and controlling crime, law enforcement and policymakers can aim to reduce crime in a comprehensive and effective manner. Punishing alone may not address the root causes of criminal behavior, while preventing alone may not be enough to stop all criminal activity. Hence, the best option is to invest in preventing and controlling crime simultaneously.

Question 9

Authors Stephen Tibbetts and Alex Piquero conducted a study in ________ and found that individuals who were born at low birth weight and were from a low socioeconomic status were more likely to have an early onset of delinquent behavior.

Accepted Answer

The question mentions a study by authors Stephen Tibbetts and Alex Piquero, but does not provide information on the location of the study. However, the fact that the question specifically mentions low birth weight and low socioeconomic status as risk factors for delinquent behavior suggests that the study may have been focused on a particular population or cohort. Based on this information, the best choice would be B) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as Tibbetts and Piquero conducted a study in 2010 that specifically examined the relationship between low birth weight, socioeconomic disadvantage, and early onset of delinquent behavior in a sample of male youth from Philadelphia.

Question 10

In 1999 the Hate Crimes Suppression Unit of the _______________ launched a new, multifaceted early intervention strategy called the Juvenile Offenders Learning Tolerance (J.O.L.T.) Program.

Accepted Answer

The Juvenile Offenders Learning Tolerance (J.O.L.T.) Program was launched by the Hate Crimes Suppression Unit of the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office, according to the given information.

Question 11

The direct results of toughening the laws on juvenile crime were ______________.

Accepted Answer

Toughening the laws on juvenile crime led to all of these direct results. Increased use of waiver to adult court, switching from the traditional indeterminate sentence to determinate sentencing, and creating new laws as well as altering existing ones to hold juveniles more accountable and punish them for the crimes they commit were all outcomes of the tougher laws.

Question 12

__________ is an alternative philosophy and a back-to-basics mission for juvenile justice.

Accepted Answer

The Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) Model is an alternative philosophy and a back-to-basics mission for juvenile justice. It focuses on three main goals: accountability of the offender, competency development of the offender, and community safety. It aims to balance the needs of the victim, the offender, and the community, while providing restorative justice for all parties involved.

Question 13

_______________ do not use peer jurors to determine disposition, involvement or course of action.

Accepted Answer

Drug Courts and Gun Courts typically do not use peer jurors to determine the course of action or involvement. Instead, they often rely on judges and other legal professionals to make these decisions. Teen Courts, on the other hand, frequently involve peers in the decision-making process.

Question 14

________ and ________ are the only two states that do not have active Teen Courts.

Accepted Answer

Connecticut and New Jersey are the only two states that do not have active Teen Courts, which are alternative judicial systems for young offenders.

Question 15

In ____________, juveniles accused of serious felonies can be sentenced to up to 40 years of incarceration by juvenile court

Accepted Answer

The answer of In ____________, juveniles accused of serious felonies...

Question 16

Parental responsibility statutes have been passed in ___________.

Accepted Answer

Parental responsibility statutes have been passed in all of the above locations (Silverton, Oregon; Arlington Heights, Illinois; Roanoke, Virginia; St. Clares Shores, Michigan).

Question 17

_______________ found that the CICTP program significantly reduced juvenile incarceration by screening and selecting eligible youth for a comprehensive, community-based treatment strategy.

Accepted Answer

Maria Garase and Sherrie Sonnenberg conducted research that found the CICTP program significantly reduced juvenile incarceration by screening and selecting eligible youth for a comprehensive, community-based treatment strategy.

Question 18

Project CRAFT began in 1994 and has been adopted in ____________.

Accepted Answer

Project CRAFT (Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training) is a substance abuse treatment program developed at the University of New Mexico. It has been adopted in multiple states across the United States, including North Dakota, Tennessee, Maryland, and Florida. Therefore, the best choice is E, all of the above.

Question 19

_______________ created an innovative program designed to deal with curfew violators.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ created an innovative program designed to...

Question 20

___________ state "juvenile drug courts seem to be an encouraging option for providing treatment while still ensuring accountability".

Accepted Answer

Lisa Roberts and Peter Benekos state this in their article "Juvenile Drug Courts: An Effective Strategy for Treating Adolescent Substance Abuse".

Quiz 15: Future Directions in Juvenile Justice