Question 1

_____ is the most abundant class of antibodies in serum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is the most abundant class of...

Question 2

Discuss, in detail, all the genetic and cellular events encompassed in the clonal selection theory of lymphocyte development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss, in detail, all the genetic and...

Question 3

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages secrete a cytokine that activates T helper cells.What is the name of this cytokine?

Accepted Answer

The cytokine secreted by macrophages during presentation of APC-bound antigen that activates T helper cells is interleukin-1 (IL-1), not the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), interleukin-2 (IL-2), or IgM. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 4

All of the following may be targeted by T_C cells, except

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells (T_C cells) target and destroy infected host cells, cancer cells, and cells from transplanted tissues, but they do not directly target invading bacterial cells.

Question 5

Primary and secondary antibody response differ in all the following ways, except

Accepted Answer

The statement "primary responses are active whereas secondary responses are passive" is not accurate and does not reflect the actual differences between primary and secondary responses. Both primary and secondary responses are active immune responses that involve the activation and proliferation of B cells and the production of specific antibodies against the antigen.

Question 6

In _____________ immunity, an individual makes their own antibodies in response to antigen exposure, whereas in _____________ immunity, an individual receives antibodies made by another individual(s).

Accepted Answer

Active immunity refers to the development of antibodies within an individual's own immune system in response to antigen exposure, while passive immunity involves the transfer of pre-formed antibodies from another individual (e.g. through breast milk or injection). Artificial immunity refers to immunity that is acquired through medical intervention (e.g. vaccination), while natural immunity refers to immunity that is acquired through natural exposure to an infectious agent. Therefore, the best choice is B, as it accurately reflects the distinction between active and passive immunity.

Question 7

Antigens that elicit allergic reactions are called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antigens that elicit allergic reactions are called...

Question 8

Discuss the various ways by which antibodies interact with antigen and facilitate antigen inhibition or destruction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the various ways by which antibodies...

Question 9

A hybridoma results from the fusion of a myeloma cell with a normal _____ cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A hybridoma results from the fusion of...

Question 10

Which part of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that fold into a groove that will interact directly with and bind to a specific antigen?

Accepted Answer

The Fab ends (fragment antigen binding) of an antibody molecule contain the variable regions of both the heavy and light chains. These regions fold into a groove that will directly interact with and bind to a specific antigen. The Fc end (fragment crystallizable) of the antibody molecule is responsible for interacting with cells and molecules of the immune system. The heavy and light chains are the two types of polypeptide chains that make up an antibody molecule. Disulfide bonds are covalent bonds between sulfur atoms that help stabilize the structure of the antibody molecule.

Question 11

Certain body sites contain sequestered molecules, called _____ that escaped assessment during development of immune tolerance and are mistaken as foreign.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Certain body sites contain sequestered molecules, called...

Question 12

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and identify their targets in an immunologically nonspecific way, but then kill their targets in a manner very similar to that of T_C cells.

Accepted Answer

NK cells recognize and kill targets in a manner very similar to that of T cells, specifically cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which are also known as T_C cells.

Question 13

Each genetically distinct group of lymphocytes that possesses the same specificity is called a _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each genetically distinct group of lymphocytes that...

Question 14

Describe the characteristics that distinguish the following: a) antigen, b) hapten, c) antigenic determinant, d) alloantigen, e) heterophilic antigen, and f) autoantigen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the characteristics that distinguish the following:...

Question 15

Post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies includes shots of HRIG (human rabies immune globulin) and rabies vaccine.The HRIG provides ________________ whereas the vaccine promotes the development of _______________.

Accepted Answer

HRIG provides artificial passive immunity by supplying antibodies directly, while the rabies vaccine stimulates the body's immune system to produce its own antibodies, leading to artificial active immunity.

Question 16

Describe the major histocompatability complex with regard to its: a) location, b) composition, c) relationship to specific cell markers, and d) role in regulation of immune reactions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the major histocompatability complex with regard...

Question 17

Which of the following is a distinct advantage of active immunity over passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Active immunity enables the development of immunologic memory, whereas no memory develops with passive immunity. This means that active immunity provides long-term protection against future infections by the same pathogen, whereas passive immunity only provides temporary protection.

Quiz 15: Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

_____ is the most abundant class of antibodies in serum.

Discuss, in detail, all the genetic and cellular events encompassed in the clonal selection theory of lymphocyte development.

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages secrete a cytokine that activates T helper cells.What is the name of this cytokine?

All of the following may be targeted by T_C cells, except

Primary and secondary antibody response differ in all the following ways, except

In _ immunity, an individual makes their own antibodies in response to antigen exposure, whereas in _ immunity, an individual receives antibodies made by another individual(s) .

Antigens that elicit allergic reactions are called _____.

Discuss the various ways by which antibodies interact with antigen and facilitate antigen inhibition or destruction.

A hybridoma results from the fusion of a myeloma cell with a normal _____ cell.

Which part of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that fold into a groove that will interact directly with and bind to a specific antigen?

Certain body sites contain sequestered molecules, called _____ that escaped assessment during development of immune tolerance and are mistaken as foreign.

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and identify their targets in an immunologically nonspecific way, but then kill their targets in a manner very similar to that of T_C cells.

Each genetically distinct group of lymphocytes that possesses the same specificity is called a _____.

Describe the characteristics that distinguish the following: a) antigen, b) hapten, c) antigenic determinant, d) alloantigen, e) heterophilic antigen, and f) autoantigen.

Post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies includes shots of HRIG (human rabies immune globulin) and rabies vaccine.The HRIG provides __ whereas the vaccine promotes the development of _.

Describe the major histocompatability complex with regard to its: a) location, b) composition, c) relationship to specific cell markers, and d) role in regulation of immune reactions.

Which of the following is a distinct advantage of active immunity over passive immunity?

Quiz 15: Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization

_____ is the most abundant class of antibodies in serum.

Discuss, in detail, all the genetic and cellular events encompassed in the clonal selection theory of lymphocyte development.

During presentation of APC-bound antigen, macrophages secrete a cytokine that activates T helper cells.What is the name of this cytokine?

All of the following may be targeted by TC cells, except

Primary and secondary antibody response differ in all the following ways, except

In _____________ immunity, an individual makes their own antibodies in response to antigen exposure, whereas in _____________ immunity, an individual receives antibodies made by another individual(s) .

Antigens that elicit allergic reactions are called _____.

Discuss the various ways by which antibodies interact with antigen and facilitate antigen inhibition or destruction.

A hybridoma results from the fusion of a myeloma cell with a normal _____ cell.

Which part of an antibody molecule contains the variable regions of a heavy and light chain that fold into a groove that will interact directly with and bind to a specific antigen?

Certain body sites contain sequestered molecules, called _____ that escaped assessment during development of immune tolerance and are mistaken as foreign.

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and identify their targets in an immunologically nonspecific way, but then kill their targets in a manner very similar to that of TC cells.

Each genetically distinct group of lymphocytes that possesses the same specificity is called a _____.

Describe the characteristics that distinguish the following: a) antigen, b) hapten, c) antigenic determinant, d) alloantigen, e) heterophilic antigen, and f) autoantigen.

Post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies includes shots of HRIG (human rabies immune globulin) and rabies vaccine.The HRIG provides ________________ whereas the vaccine promotes the development of _______________.

Describe the major histocompatability complex with regard to its: a) location, b) composition, c) relationship to specific cell markers, and d) role in regulation of immune reactions.

Which of the following is a distinct advantage of active immunity over passive immunity?

All of the following may be targeted by T_C cells, except

In _ immunity, an individual makes their own antibodies in response to antigen exposure, whereas in _ immunity, an individual receives antibodies made by another individual(s) .

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and identify their targets in an immunologically nonspecific way, but then kill their targets in a manner very similar to that of T_C cells.

Post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies includes shots of HRIG (human rabies immune globulin) and rabies vaccine.The HRIG provides __ whereas the vaccine promotes the development of _.