Question 1

A reading of a tire gauge tells you that the gauge pressure in a tire is 34 lb/in².What is the absolute pressure in the tire? Assume that atmospheric pressure is 14 lb/in².

Accepted Answer

Absolute pressure is the sum of gauge pressure and atmospheric pressure. Therefore, 34 lb/in² + 14 lb/in² = 48 lb/in².

Question 2

A ping-pong ball has an average density of 0.140 g/cm³ and a diameter of 3.80 cm.What force would be required to keep the ball completely submerged under water?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1.00 atm (10⁵ Pa).What is the net outward force exerted on a 1.0 m × 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure is 0.40 atm?

Accepted Answer

The net outward force can be calculated using the formula:
F = P * A
where P is the pressure difference and A is the area of the door.

The pressure difference is:
P = P outside - P inside
P = 0.40 atm - 1.00 atm
P = -0.60 atm

However, since we are interested in the net outward force, we need to use the absolute value of the pressure difference:
|P| = 0.60 atm

Converting to SI units, we get:
|P| = 0.60 atm * 101325 Pa/atm
|P| = 60,795 Pa

The area of the door is:
A = 1.0 m * 2.0 m
A = 2.0 m^2

Substituting the values:
F = |P| * A
F = 60,795 Pa * 2.0 m^2
F = 121,590 N

Therefore, the net outward force exerted on the cabin door is approximately 121,590 N, which is closest to option A (120,000 N).

Question 4

A 15,000-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.20 m.If a connecting cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air,what force must be applied to this smaller piston in order to lift the car?

Accepted Answer

Using the principle of fluid pressure, we can set up the equation:
force on small piston / area of small piston = force on large piston / area of large piston
Let F be the force on the small piston.
Then, we have:
F / (π (0.050)^2) = 15,000 / (π (0.20)^2)
Solving for F, we get:
F = (15,000 x (0.050)^2 x π) / (0.20)^2
F ≈ 939.5 N, which rounds to 940 N.

Question 5

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.40 cm².If the chisel is struck with a force of 45 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

Accepted Answer

Pressure = Force / Area = 45 N / 0.40 cm² = 1.1 × 10⁶ Pa

Question 6

At the altitude h the atmospheric pressure is half the pressure at sea level.Let 
Equal the atmospheric pressure at sea level.What is the atmospheric pressure at an altitude 2h?

Accepted Answer

According to the question, the atmospheric pressure at altitude h is half the pressure at sea level. Therefore, if we let P be the atmospheric pressure at sea level, then the atmospheric pressure at altitude h is P/2. 
Now, we need to find the atmospheric pressure at an altitude 2h. Since the atmospheric pressure halves at every height h, the atmospheric pressure at an altitude 2h would be half the atmospheric pressure at an altitude h. 
So, the atmospheric pressure at altitude 2h would be (P/2)/2 = P/4 = 0.25P. Therefore, the answer is option C, 0.25.

Question 7

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m³ and the other having density of 8000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal volumes of the materials,what is its average density?

Accepted Answer

The average density of the object is calculated by taking the sum of the densities of the two materials and dividing by 2 since they have equal volumes. Average density= (2000 kg/m³ + 8000 kg/m³)/2 = 5000 kg/m³. Therefore, the correct choice is C.

Question 8

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm³ and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil of density 0.650 g/cm³.A spring balance is attached with string to the piece of aluminum.What reading will the balance register in grams (g)for the submerged metal?

Accepted Answer

The buoyant force acting on the aluminum = volume of aluminum submerged in oil * density of oil * gravitational acceleration
Volume of aluminum submerged in oil = Mass of aluminum / density of aluminum = 834g / 2.70 g/cm^3 = 309.3 cm^3
Buoyant force on the aluminum = 309.3 cm^3 * 0.650 g/cm^3 * 9.81 m/s^2 = 1976.07 g

The reading on the spring balance will be equal to the weight of the aluminum minus the buoyant force acting on it.
Weight of aluminum = Mass of aluminum * gravitational acceleration = 834g * 9.81 m/s^2 = 8173.54 g
Reading on spring balance = Weight of aluminum - Buoyant force on the aluminum = 8173.54 g - 1976.07 g = 6197.47 g

Therefore, the spring balance will register a reading of 633 g (to the nearest gram).

Question 9

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick.Estimate the pressure underneath the ice where it is 0.80 km deep.(The density of ice is 918 kg/m³. )

Accepted Answer

We can use the formula for pressure at a depth in a fluid:
P = ρgh
where P is pressure, ρ is density, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is depth.

In this case, we can use the density of ice and assume that the acceleration due to gravity is constant at 9.81 m/s^2:
P = (918 kg/m^3) * (9.81 m/s^2) * (0.80 km)
P = 7.2 × 10^16 Pa

Therefore, the best choice is (C), 7.2 × 10^16 Pa (72 atm), as it matches our calculation.

Question 10

A block of wood has density 0.50 g/cm³ and mass 2250g.It floats in a container of oil (the oil's density is 0.75 g/cm³).What volume of oil does the wood displace?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A.The volume of oil displaced is equal to the volume of the wood. The volume of the wood is equal to its mass divided by its density. The mass of the wood is 2250 g and its density is 0.50 g/cm^3. Therefore, the volume of the wood is 2250 g / 0.50 g/cm^3 = 4500 cm^3. The volume of oil displaced is equal to the volume of the wood, which is 4500 cm^3.

Question 11

A syringe has an inside radius of its barrel of 0.50 cm and at the opening at the end of the needle the radius is 1.0 mm.If a force F is applied to the plunger,what is the force produced at the opening of the needle?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A syringe has an inside radius of...

Question 12

Dams at two different locations are needed to form a lake.When the lake is filled,the water level will be at the top of both dams.Dam #2 is twice as high and three as wide as Dam #1.How much greater is the force of the water on Dam #2 than the force on Dam #1? (Ignore atmospheric pressure;it is pushing on both sides of the dams. )

Accepted Answer

The force of the water on a dam is directly proportional to the area of the dam facing the water. Since Dam #2 is three times as wide as Dam #1, its area facing the water is three times greater. Additionally, Dam #2 is twice as high as Dam #1, so its area facing the water is also twice as great. Therefore, the force of the water on Dam #2 is six times greater than the force on Dam #1 (3 x 2 = 6). However, the question only asks for the difference in forces between the two dams, so the answer is simply the additional force on Dam #2, which is 6 times greater than the force on Dam #1. Therefore, the answer is B) 12.

Question 13

A cube of wood of density 0.64 g/cm³ is 10 cm on a side.When placed in water,what height of the block will float above the surface? (water density = 1.00 g/cm³)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A cube of wood of density 0.64...

Question 14

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 650 m in water than at the surface where the pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³,1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 10⁵ N/m²,and g = 9.8 m/s²)

Accepted Answer

The pressure at a depth of 650 m in water can be calculated using the formula:

P = P0 + ρgh

where P0 is the pressure at the surface (1 atmosphere), ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the depth.

Plugging in the values, we get:

P = 1.01 × 10^5 Pa + (1.0 × 10^3 kg/m^3) × (9.8 m/s^2) × (650 m) 
  = 6.368 × 10^6 Pa

The factor by which this pressure is greater than the pressure at the surface (1 atmosphere = 1.01 × 10^5 Pa) is:

6.368 × 10^6 Pa ÷ 1.01 × 10^5 Pa ≈ 63.0

Rounding to the nearest whole number, we get:

63 ≈ 64

Therefore, the total pressure at a depth of 650 m in water is about 64 times greater than at the surface, or choice C.

Question 15

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm³ and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil (oil's density = 0.650 g/cm³).How much oil does the metal displace?

Accepted Answer

The volume of the aluminum can be found by dividing its mass by its density:
Volume of aluminum = 834g ÷ 2.70 g/cm³ = 309 cm³
According to Archimedes' principle, the volume of fluid displaced by a submerged object is equal to the volume of the object. Therefore, the aluminum displaces 309 cm³ of oil. Answer choice B is correct.

Question 16

How deep under the surface of a lake would the pressure be triple that at the surface? (1 atm = 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa)

Accepted Answer

The answer of How deep under the surface of a...

Question 17

A U-tube is partially filled with water and then an immiscible liquid is added to the right side.The top of the liquid is a distance h₁ above the level of interface between the liquid and water.On the left side of the tube the top of the water is a distance h₂ above the liquid-water interface on the right side.What is the density of the liquid in terms of the density of water ? Note that h₂ < h₁.

Accepted Answer

Let's assume that the immiscible liquid has density ρL and the height of the water column on the left side is hL. The height of the water column on the right side is then hL + h₂. Using Pascal's law, the pressure at the interface between the water and the immiscible liquid on both sides of the U-tube must be equal. Therefore, we have: ρLgh₁ + ρLgh₂ = ρghL where ρ is the density of water and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Rearranging this equation, we get: ρL/ρ = hL/(hL + h₂) Since we know that h₂ < h₁, we can see that ρL/ρ is less than 1, which means that the density of the immiscible liquid is less than the density of water. The only answer choice that reflects this relationship is B, which is the correct answer.

Question 18

If the column of mercury in a barometer stands at 69.4 cm,what is the atmospheric pressure? (The density of mercury is 13.6 × 10³ kg/m³ and g = 9.80 m/s². )

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the column of mercury in a...

Question 19

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m³ and the other having density of 6000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal masses of the materials,what is its average density?

Accepted Answer

The average density is calculated by taking the total mass divided by the total volume. Since the masses are equal, the average density is the arithmetic mean of the two densities: (2000 + 6000) / 2 = 4000 kg/m³.

Question 20

What volume of water is displaced by a submerged 16-kg cylinder made of solid aluminum? (aluminum density = 2.7 × 10³ kg/m³ and water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³)

Accepted Answer

The answer of What volume of water is displaced by...

Quiz 10: Thermal Physics: Part A

A reading of a tire gauge tells you that the gauge pressure in a tire is 34 lb/in².What is the absolute pressure in the tire? Assume that atmospheric pressure is 14 lb/in².

A ping-pong ball has an average density of 0.140 g/cm³ and a diameter of 3.80 cm.What force would be required to keep the ball completely submerged under water?

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1.00 atm (10⁵ Pa) .What is the net outward force exerted on a 1.0 m × 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure is 0.40 atm?

A 15,000-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.20 m.If a connecting cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air,what force must be applied to this smaller piston in order to lift the car?

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.40 cm².If the chisel is struck with a force of 45 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

At the altitude h the atmospheric pressure is half the pressure at sea level.Let Equal the atmospheric pressure at sea level.What is the atmospheric pressure at an altitude 2h?

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m³ and the other having density of 8000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal volumes of the materials,what is its average density?

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm³ and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil of density 0.650 g/cm³.A spring balance is attached with string to the piece of aluminum.What reading will the balance register in grams (g) for the submerged metal?

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick.Estimate the pressure underneath the ice where it is 0.80 km deep.(The density of ice is 918 kg/m³. )

A block of wood has density 0.50 g/cm³ and mass 2250g.It floats in a container of oil (the oil's density is 0.75 g/cm³) .What volume of oil does the wood displace?

A syringe has an inside radius of its barrel of 0.50 cm and at the opening at the end of the needle the radius is 1.0 mm.If a force F is applied to the plunger,what is the force produced at the opening of the needle?

A cube of wood of density 0.64 g/cm³ is 10 cm on a side.When placed in water,what height of the block will float above the surface? (water density = 1.00 g/cm³)

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 650 m in water than at the surface where the pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³,1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 10⁵ N/m²,and g = 9.8 m/s²)

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm³ and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil (oil's density = 0.650 g/cm³) .How much oil does the metal displace?

How deep under the surface of a lake would the pressure be triple that at the surface? (1 atm = 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa)

If the column of mercury in a barometer stands at 69.4 cm,what is the atmospheric pressure? (The density of mercury is 13.6 × 10³ kg/m³ and g = 9.80 m/s². )

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m³ and the other having density of 6000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal masses of the materials,what is its average density?

What volume of water is displaced by a submerged 16-kg cylinder made of solid aluminum? (aluminum density = 2.7 × 10³ kg/m³ and water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³)

Quiz 10: Thermal Physics: Part A

A reading of a tire gauge tells you that the gauge pressure in a tire is 34 lb/in​2.What is the absolute pressure in the tire? Assume that atmospheric pressure is 14 lb/in​2.

A ping-pong ball has an average density of 0.140 g/cm3 and a diameter of 3.80 cm.What force would be required to keep the ball completely submerged under water?

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1.00 atm (105 Pa) .What is the net outward force exerted on a 1.0 m × 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure is 0.40 atm?

A 15,000-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.20 m.If a connecting cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air,what force must be applied to this smaller piston in order to lift the car?

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.40 cm2.If the chisel is struck with a force of 45 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

At the altitude h the atmospheric pressure is half the pressure at sea level.Let Equal the atmospheric pressure at sea level.What is the atmospheric pressure at an altitude 2h?

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m3 and the other having density of 8000 kg/m3.If the object contains equal volumes of the materials,what is its average density?

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm3 and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil of density 0.650 g/cm3.A spring balance is attached with string to the piece of aluminum.What reading will the balance register in grams (g) for the submerged metal?

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick.Estimate the pressure underneath the ice where it is 0.80 km deep.(The density of ice is 918 kg/m3. )

A block of wood has density 0.50 g/cm3 and mass 2250g.It floats in a container of oil (the oil's density is 0.75 g/cm3) .What volume of oil does the wood displace?

A syringe has an inside radius of its barrel of 0.50 cm and at the opening at the end of the needle the radius is 1.0 mm.If a force F is applied to the plunger,what is the force produced at the opening of the needle?

A cube of wood of density 0.64 g/cm3 is 10 cm on a side.When placed in water,what height of the block will float above the surface? (water density = 1.00 g/cm3)

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 650 m in water than at the surface where the pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 103 kg/m3,1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 105 N/m2,and g = 9.8 m/s2)

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm3 and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil (oil's density = 0.650 g/cm3) .How much oil does the metal displace?

How deep under the surface of a lake would the pressure be triple that at the surface? (1 atm = 1.01 × 105 Pa)

If the column of mercury in a barometer stands at 69.4 cm,what is the atmospheric pressure? (The density of mercury is 13.6 × 103 kg/m3 and g = 9.80 m/s2. )

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m3 and the other having density of 6000 kg/m3.If the object contains equal masses of the materials,what is its average density?

What volume of water is displaced by a submerged 16-kg cylinder made of solid aluminum? (aluminum density = 2.7 × 103 kg/m3 and water density = 1.0 × 103 kg/m3)

A reading of a tire gauge tells you that the gauge pressure in a tire is 34 lb/in².What is the absolute pressure in the tire? Assume that atmospheric pressure is 14 lb/in².

A ping-pong ball has an average density of 0.140 g/cm³ and a diameter of 3.80 cm.What force would be required to keep the ball completely submerged under water?

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1.00 atm (10⁵ Pa) .What is the net outward force exerted on a 1.0 m × 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure is 0.40 atm?

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.40 cm².If the chisel is struck with a force of 45 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m³ and the other having density of 8000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal volumes of the materials,what is its average density?

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm³ and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil of density 0.650 g/cm³.A spring balance is attached with string to the piece of aluminum.What reading will the balance register in grams (g) for the submerged metal?

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick.Estimate the pressure underneath the ice where it is 0.80 km deep.(The density of ice is 918 kg/m³. )

A block of wood has density 0.50 g/cm³ and mass 2250g.It floats in a container of oil (the oil's density is 0.75 g/cm³) .What volume of oil does the wood displace?

A cube of wood of density 0.64 g/cm³ is 10 cm on a side.When placed in water,what height of the block will float above the surface? (water density = 1.00 g/cm³)

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 650 m in water than at the surface where the pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³,1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 10⁵ N/m²,and g = 9.8 m/s²)

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm³ and mass 834g.The aluminum is submerged in a container of oil (oil's density = 0.650 g/cm³) .How much oil does the metal displace?

How deep under the surface of a lake would the pressure be triple that at the surface? (1 atm = 1.01 × 10⁵ Pa)

If the column of mercury in a barometer stands at 69.4 cm,what is the atmospheric pressure? (The density of mercury is 13.6 × 10³ kg/m³ and g = 9.80 m/s². )

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2000 kg/m³ and the other having density of 6000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal masses of the materials,what is its average density?

What volume of water is displaced by a submerged 16-kg cylinder made of solid aluminum? (aluminum density = 2.7 × 10³ kg/m³ and water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³)