Question 1

College freshmen are most similar to high school freshmen in that both:

Accepted Answer

Both college freshmen and high school freshmen are considered the least powerful in their respective settings. They are both new to the environment and have to navigate new social dynamics and academic expectations. Both groups are also still adjusting to the increase in responsibility and independence.

Question 2

In 2003,the results of a longitudinal study of young adults in the United States documented that at age 25:

Accepted Answer

The question states that the longitudinal study documented that at age 25, only slightly more than half of the sample were fully financially independent of their family of origin. Therefore, the best choice is B. A is incorrect because it states that very few of the sample were financially independent, which is not supported by the question. C is incorrect because it states that all subjects in the sample were financially independent, which is not supported by the question. D is incorrect because it states that all subjects in the sample reported feeling ashamed, which is not mentioned in the question.

Question 3

What is the optimum level of exercise for American adults?

Accepted Answer

The American Heart Association recommends that adults engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, which averages out to 30 minutes per day. This level of exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health concerns. While exercise intensity can vary based on individual fitness levels and preferences, moderate-intensity exercise is generally defined as activity that raises the heart rate and causes a light sweat, such as brisk walking or cycling.

Question 4

Each of the following is a feature of emerging adulthood,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Being other-focused is not a feature of emerging adulthood. In fact, many emerging adults are focused on their own personal growth and development during this stage of life. The other three choices (identity exploration, instability, feeling "in-between") are commonly recognized as defining features of emerging adulthood.

Question 5

College students' failure to develop health-promoting habits is a result of their:

Accepted Answer

While all of the statements may play a role in college students' failure to develop health-promoting habits, D is the best choice as it specifically addresses the issue of not applying knowledge to oneself. Many college students do have some knowledge about healthy behaviors, but they may not prioritize or implement these behaviors into their daily lives, leading to a failure to develop health-promoting habits.

Question 6

The average age of peak performance for most physical skills:

Accepted Answer

The average age of peak performance for most physical skills occurs at the same time for both outstanding athletes and non-athletes. This is due to the fact that physical skills are dependent on not just genetics, but also on training, practice, and experience. While outstanding athletes may have a genetic disposition towards certain physical skills, non-athletes can also achieve peak performance with the right training and practice. Additionally, while there may be variations in peak performance between genders, the average age of peak performance is not significantly different between male and female athletes or non-athletes.

Question 7

Deb is both depressed and obese.One way she can combat both of these problems is to:

Accepted Answer

Engaging in regular exercise can help combat both depression and obesity. Exercise releases endorphins, which can improve mood and reduce symptoms of depression. Additionally, exercise burns calories and can help with weight loss, which can improve overall health and happiness. Getting adequate sleep and reducing sugar intake can also be helpful, but they may not have as significant an impact on both depression and obesity as exercise. Taking an antidepressant medication may be helpful for depression, but it will not necessarily have an impact on obesity. Therefore, the best choice for addressing both of these problems is engaging in regular exercise.

Question 8

In developing countries,the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood is:

Accepted Answer

In many developing countries, marriage is considered a significant milestone that marks the transition from adolescence to adulthood. This is because marriage signifies the initiation of a new family and the assumption of new responsibilities, including providing for one's spouse and potentially starting a family. It is also typically accompanied by a change in living arrangements, as the newlyweds may move into their own household. While the other options (holding a permanent job, moving into one's own home, and having a child) are also important markers of adulthood, they may not carry the same cultural and social significance as marriage in many developing countries.

Question 9

In the United States,the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood is:

Accepted Answer

Holding a permanent, full-time job is seen as the most important marker of entry into adulthood in the United States as it provides financial stability and independence. While moving into one's own home, getting married, and having a child are also significant events, they are not as consistently recognized across different cultural and social contexts.

Question 10

Which of the following is a controversy concerning the value of dieting?

Accepted Answer

There is controversy surrounding whether people can keep off the weight they lose by dieting. Some studies suggest that many people regain the weight they lost after going off their diet, while others argue that long-term dietary changes can lead to sustained weight loss. The other options (A, C, and D) are also topics of debate in the field of nutrition, but B best fits the description of a controversy concerning the value of dieting.

Question 11

Which of the following is the biggest health risk that most young adults face?

Accepted Answer

While all of the options listed can be health risks, establishing poor health habits such as lack of exercise, unhealthy diet, and substance abuse can have long-lasting negative effects on overall health and increase the risk for other health problems later in life. Additionally, young adulthood is a critical time for establishing healthy habits and lifestyle choices.

Question 12

Barbara wants to engage in aerobic exercise that will burn fat and change her metabolism.Which of the following is the best activity for her to engage in?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise is the best choice for burning fat and changing metabolism. While all four activities can provide some level of aerobic exercise, jogging is the most effective because it requires continuous movement and can elevate heart rate more than walking, stretching, or weight lifting.

Question 13

James,who lives in the United States,will most likely consider himself an adult when he _______,whereas Nelson,who lives in South Africa,will most likely consider himself an adult when he ______.

Accepted Answer

The cultural norms and expectations surrounding adulthood differ greatly between the United States and South Africa. In the United States, financial independence is emphasized as a key marker of adulthood, while in South Africa, getting married is often seen as a more important milestone. Therefore, James will most likely consider himself an adult when he obtains financial independence, while Nelson will most likely consider himself an adult when he gets married.

Question 14

Which of the following athletes would be most likely to show peak performance at an early point in his or her career?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following athletes would be...

Question 15

Almost ______ of adults between the ages of 19 and 26 years reported that they get no weekly exercise.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Almost ______ of adults between the ages...

Question 16

"Emerging adulthood," a term coined by Jeffrey Arnett,refers to the age range from:

Accepted Answer

Emerging adulthood refers to the period of time when individuals are transitioning from adolescence to full adulthood, and it typically occurs between the ages of 18 and 25. During this time, young adults are exploring different career paths, forming romantic relationships, and developing their own identity and sense of self. While they are no longer teenagers, they are not yet fully independent adults either, so this is a period of significant change and growth. While some researchers may use slightly different age ranges to define this period, 18-25 is generally considered the most appropriate for emerging adulthood.

Question 17

Lettie is 18 years old and curious about how satisfied she will be with her life when she is around 30 years of age.The best predicator of this is her current:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lettie is 18 years old and curious...

Question 18

Recent research emphasizes the significant role of _________ in weight loss and health.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recent research emphasizes the significant role of...

Question 19

Troy wants to reduce his risk of heart attack.His doctor recommends that he:

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise has been shown to improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of heart attack. The other options may have other health benefits, but are not specifically targeted at reducing the risk of heart attack.

Question 20

What percentage of Americans aged 20 years and over were classified as obese in 2006?

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 33.3% of US adults aged 20 and over were classified as obese in 2006.

Quiz 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood