Question 1

This layer is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes and to other cells by desmosomes.
A)Stratum basale
B)Stratum spinosum
C)Stratum granulosum
D)Stratum lucidum
E)Stratum corneum

Accepted Answer

The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis and is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes. It is also responsible for producing new skin cells through cell division.

Question 2

Anorexia may cause adults to develop fine,unpigmented hairs to help with warmth and insulation.Which type of hair is described?
A)Terminal
B)Vellus
C)Lanugo
D)Papilla

Accepted Answer

Lanugo hairs are fine, unpigmented hairs that usually only appear on fetuses or newborns. However, in individuals with anorexia, lanugo may develop on the body as a response to starvation in an attempt to provide extra insulation and warmth. Terminal hairs are thick, pigmented hairs that grow in areas such as the scalp or beard. Vellus hairs are short, fine, and unpigmented hairs that cover most of the body. Papilla refers to the small, nipple-like projection at the base of a hair follicle that contains blood vessels and nerves.

Question 3

Which statements are true?
1)The majority of the skin does not contain stratum lucidum.
2)Stratum lucidum is found in areas of high friction,such as the palms and soles.
3)Live keratinocytes are located in the stratum lucidum.
4)Friction will cause the stratum lucidum to form calluses.
A)1,2,3,4
B)1 and 4
C)2,3,4
D)1 and 2
E)3 and 4

Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is true as stratum lucidum is only present in certain areas of the skin, such as the palms and soles. Statement 2 is also true as stratum lucidum is often found in areas of high friction such as the palms and soles. Statement 3 is false as stratum lucidum contains only dead cells (keratinocytes). Statement 4 is partly true as the stratum lucidum does not form calluses, but friction can cause calluses to form in the layers below the stratum lucidum.

Question 4

Choose the following statements that describe keratin.
1)Keratin is a tough,fibrous protein.
2)Keratin is used for pigmenting skin.
3)Keratin helps protect the skin.
4)Keratin participates in immune responses.
5)Keratin protects the skin from UV light.
A)1 and 3
B)1,3,4,5
C)2,4,5
D)1,2,3,4,5
E)3 and 5

Accepted Answer

Keratin is a tough, fibrous protein that helps protect the skin, nails and hair. It does not participate in immune responses nor is it used for pigmentation or protecting the skin from UV light.

Question 5

List and briefly describe the major functions of the skin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and briefly describe the major functions...

Question 6

Which structure found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregulation?
A)Melanocytes
B)Sebaceous glands
C)Sweat glands
D)Stratum lucidum
E)Epidermal ridges

Accepted Answer

Sweat glands play an important role in thermoregulation by producing sweat, which cools the body through evaporation.

Question 7

Describe the structure and function of arrector pili.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the structure and function of arrector...

Question 8

This type of exocrine gland undergoes a higher rate of mitosis due to its holocrine secretion.
A)Sebaceous gland
B)Eccrine gland
C)Apocrine gland
D)Eccrine and apocrine glands
E)Sebaceous and Eccrine glands

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous glands are holocrine glands, which means the entire cell, including its nucleus, disintegrates to become the secretion. As a result, these glands undergo a higher rate of mitosis to maintain the level of secretion. Eccrine and apocrine glands are not holocrine glands and do not undergo a higher rate of mitosis.

Question 9

Dense irregular connective tissue will be found in the
A)hypodermis.
B)basement membrane.
C)epidermis.
D)dermis.
E)subcutaneous (subQ)layer.

Accepted Answer

Dense irregular connective tissue is found in the dermis, which is the layer of skin located below the epidermis. This tissue is characterized by collagen fibers arranged in a random, irregular pattern, providing strength and support to the skin. The hypodermis and subcutaneous layer primarily consist of adipose tissue, while the basement membrane and epidermis are composed of epithelial cells.

Question 10

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the
A)dermis
B)epidermis
C)stratum corneum
D)stratum basale
E)hypodermis

Accepted Answer

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the hypodermis.

Question 11

Which exocrine gland is primarily used for thermoregulation?
A)Sebaceous gland
B)Eccrine sweat gland
C)Apocrine sweat gland
D)Ceruminous gland

Accepted Answer

Eccrine sweat glands are primarily responsible for regulating body temperature through the production of sweat, which evaporates and cools the body. The other glands listed do not have a primary function in thermoregulation.

Question 12

Albinism is the inherited inability to produce
A)melanin.
B)carotene.
C)both melanin and carotene.
D)keratin.
E)melanocytes.

Accepted Answer

Albinism is characterized by the inability to produce melanin, the pigment that gives color to hair, skin, and eyes.

Question 13

Which pigment secreted by specialized cells in the skin is capable of absorbing ultraviolet light?
A)Keratin
B)Melanin
C)Melatonin
D)Carotene
E)Hemoglobin

Accepted Answer

Melanin is the pigment that is secreted by specialized cells in the skin called melanocytes. Melanin is capable of absorbing ultraviolet light, which is responsible for preventing DNA damage in skin cells. This pigment is also responsible for giving the skin its color. Keratin is a protein that provides structural support and protection to the skin, but it does not absorb ultraviolet light. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and has no direct role in skin pigmentation. Carotene is a pigment found in plants, and hemoglobin is a protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the bloodstream, both of which have no role in skin pigmentation.

Question 14

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium composes the
A)epidermis.
B)dermis.
C)hypodermis.
D)subcutaneous layer.
E)superficial fascia.

Accepted Answer

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is the type of tissue that makes up the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin.

Question 15

Apoptosis of cells occurs within the
A)stratum basale
B)stratum spinosum
C)stratum granulosum
D)stratum lucidum
E)stratum corneum

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis of cells occurs within the stratum granulosum, where keratinocytes undergo programmed cell death and their contents are released into the intercellular space to form the lipid barrier of the epidermis.

Question 16

In a skin infection,which cell will take up and process microbial antigens?
A)Intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhans cells)
B)Melanocytes
C)Tactile epithelial cells (Merkel cells)
D)Stem Cells

Accepted Answer

In a skin infection, the intraepidermal macrophages, also known as Langerhans cells, will take up and process microbial antigens. These cells are part of the immune system and are present in the epidermis of the skin. They recognize foreign invaders and help activate the immune response to clear the infection.

Question 17

Tactile epithelial cells are located in the
A)stratum basale.
B)stratum spinosum.
C)stratum granulosum.
D)stratum lucidum.
E)stratum corneum.

Accepted Answer

Tactile epithelial cells, also known as Merkel cells, are located in the stratum basale of the epidermis.

Question 18

Describe how fingerprints are formed and what they are used for.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how fingerprints are formed and what...

Question 19

Put the events of keratinization in order.
A.Accumulate keratohyalin granules
B.Cells increase in size,some retain ability to divide
C.Cell membrane thickens.Cells imbedded in lipid matrix.
D.Cells within this layer proliferate
A)d,b,c,a
B)a,b,d,c
C)b,d,a,c
D)d,b,a,c

Accepted Answer

The process of keratinization begins with cell proliferation (D), followed by an increase in cell size with some retaining the ability to divide (B). Next, cells accumulate keratohyalin granules (A), and finally, the cell membrane thickens and cells are embedded in a lipid matrix (C).

Question 20

Secretion mixture of fats,sterols,proteins and salts,that prevent water loss and can inhibit the growth of some bacteria.
A)Sweat
B)Cerumen
C)Sebum
D)Mucus

Accepted Answer

Sebum is a secretion mixture of fats, sterols, proteins, and salts that can prevent water loss and inhibit bacteria growth.

Quiz 5: The Integumentary System

This layer is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes and to other cells by desmosomes.

Anorexia may cause adults to develop fine,unpigmented hairs to help with warmth and insulation.Which type of hair is described?

Which statements are true? 1) The majority of the skin does not contain stratum lucidum. 2) Stratum lucidum is found in areas of high friction,such as the palms and soles. 3) Live keratinocytes are located in the stratum lucidum. 4) Friction will cause the stratum lucidum to form calluses.

Choose the following statements that describe keratin. 1) Keratin is a tough,fibrous protein. 2) Keratin is used for pigmenting skin. 3) Keratin helps protect the skin. 4) Keratin participates in immune responses. 5) Keratin protects the skin from UV light.

List and briefly describe the major functions of the skin.

Which structure found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregulation?

Describe the structure and function of arrector pili.

This type of exocrine gland undergoes a higher rate of mitosis due to its holocrine secretion.

Dense irregular connective tissue will be found in the

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the

Which exocrine gland is primarily used for thermoregulation?

Albinism is the inherited inability to produce

Which pigment secreted by specialized cells in the skin is capable of absorbing ultraviolet light?

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium composes the

Apoptosis of cells occurs within the

In a skin infection,which cell will take up and process microbial antigens?

Tactile epithelial cells are located in the

Describe how fingerprints are formed and what they are used for.

Put the events of keratinization in order. A.Accumulate keratohyalin granules B.Cells increase in size,some retain ability to divide C.Cell membrane thickens.Cells imbedded in lipid matrix. D.Cells within this layer proliferate

Secretion mixture of fats,sterols,proteins and salts,that prevent water loss and can inhibit the growth of some bacteria.