Question 1

In a large tank of liquid,the hydrostatic pressure at a given depth is a function of
A)depth.
B)surface area.
C)liquid density.
D)Choices a and c are both valid.

Accepted Answer

The hydrostatic pressure at a given depth in a large tank of liquid depends on two main factors: the depth and the density of the liquid. The pressure increases linearly with depth and is directly proportional to the density of the liquid. The surface area of the tank is not a factor in determining the hydrostatic pressure at a given depth. Therefore, the best choice is D, which includes both depth and liquid density as valid factors.

Question 2

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the container bottom is P.If the container is instead filled with oil having specific gravity 0.80,what new bottom pressure results?
A)a pressure < P
B)the same pressure P
C)a pressure > P
D)This is unable to be determined with the information given.

Accepted Answer

The pressure at the bottom of a container filled with a fluid is given by $P = \rho gh$, where $\rho$ is the density of the fluid, $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity, and $h$ is the height of the fluid column. Since oil has a lower density than water (specific gravity of 0.80 means the oil's density is 80% that of water), the pressure at the bottom of the container when filled with oil will be less than when it is filled with water.

Question 3

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the bottom of the container is P.Then the container is emptied halfway and topped off with oil of density 0.8 × 10³ kg/m³,which floats on top of the water.What is the pressure at the bottom of the container now? A)a pressure < P B)the same pressure P C)a pressure > P D)This is unable to be determined with the information given. E)a pressure < 0.5P

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

A Boeing-737 airliner has a mass of 20 500 kg.The total area of the wings is 105 m².What must be the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the wings to keep the airplane up? A)1.91E+3 Pa B)1.99E+1 Pa C)1.95E+2 Pa D)1.92E+3 Pa E)1.81E+3 Pa

Accepted Answer

To keep the airplane up, the lift force must equal the weight of the airplane. The weight $W = mg$, where $m = 20500 \, \text{kg}$ and $g = 9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$, so $W = 20500 \times 9.8 = 200900 \, \text{N}$. The lift force is also given by the equation $L = p \times A$, where $p$ is the pressure difference and $A$ is the wing area. Rearranging for $p$, we get $p = \frac{L}{A} = \frac{W}{A} = \frac{200900}{105} = 1913.33 \, \text{Pa}$, which rounds to $1.91 \times 10^3 \, \text{Pa}$.

Question 5

A cube-shaped box is sitting on the floor.The pressure the box exerts on the floor is 235 Pa.If the density of the box is 21.0 kg/m³,what is the length of each side of the box? A)0.00910 m B)1.14 m C)110 m D)11.2 m

Accepted Answer

We can use the formula for pressure:

Pressure = Force/Area

In this case, the force is the weight of the box and the area is the surface area of the bottom of the box.

The weight of the box can be found using the density formula:

Density = Mass/Volume

Solving for mass, we get:

Mass = Density x Volume

Since the box is cubical, the volume is:

Volume = (Length of side)^3

Putting this all together:

Pressure = (Density x Volume x Gravity)/Area

235 Pa = (21.0 kg/m^3 x (Length of side)^3 x 9.81 m/s^2)/(Length of side)^2

Solving for the length of side, we get:

Length of side = (√(21.0 kg/m^3 x 9.81 m/s^2 / 235 Pa)) = 1.14 m

Therefore, the answer is B: 1.14 m.

Question 6

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 900 m in water than at the surface where pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³,1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 10⁵ N/m²,and g = 9.8 m/s²) A)8.9 B)88 C)98 D)78 E)8 800

Accepted Answer

The answer of By what factor is the total pressure...

Question 7

Which state of matter is associated with the very highest of temperatures?
A)liquid
B)plasma
C)gas
D)solid

Accepted Answer

Plasma is the state of matter that is associated with the very highest of temperatures. Plasma is a highly ionized gas that occurs at extremely high temperatures such as those found in stars and other high-energy environments.

Question 8

If the column of mercury in a barometer stands at 73.0 cm,what is the atmospheric pressure? (The density of mercury is 13.6 × 10³ kg/m³ and g = 9.80 m/s²) A)9.73E+4 N/m² B)9.73E+6 N/m² C)1.17E+5 N/m² D)1.83E+3 N/m² E)1.01E+5 N/m²

Accepted Answer

The atmospheric pressure is calculated using the formula P = hρg, where h is the height of the mercury column (0.73 m), ρ is the density of mercury (13.6 × 10^3 kg/m^3), and g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.80 m/s^2). Substituting these values gives P = 0.73 * 13.6 × 10^3 * 9.80 = 9.73E+4 N/m^2.

Question 9

What is the total mass of the Earth's atmosphere? (The radius of the Earth is 6.4 × 10⁶ m,and atmospheric pressure at the surface is 10⁵ N/m². ) A)5 × 10¹⁶ kg B)1 × 10¹⁸ kg C)5 × 10¹⁸ kg D)1 × 10²⁰ kg

Accepted Answer

To find the total mass of the Earth's atmosphere, we need to multiply the atmospheric pressure at the surface by the surface area of the Earth.

Surface area of Earth = 4π(r^2) = 4π(6.4 × 10^6)^2 = 5.12 × 10^14 m^2
Atmospheric pressure at the surface = 10^5 N/m^2

Total mass of the Earth's atmosphere = pressure x area / acceleration due to gravity
= (10^5 N/m^2) x (5.12 × 10^14 m^2) / 9.81 m/s^2
= 5.25 × 10^18 kg

Therefore, the closest option to the actual value is C: 5 × 10^18 kg.

Question 10

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick.Estimate the pressure underneath the ice.(The density of ice is 918 kg/m³. ) A)9.0 × 10⁵ Pa (9 atm) B)2.5 × 10⁶ Pa (25 atm) C)4.5 × 10⁶ Pa (45 atm) D)9.0 × 10⁶ Pa (90 atm)

Accepted Answer

The pressure underneath the ice can be calculated using the formula P = ρgh, where ρ is the density of ice, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2), and h is the height of the ice sheet. Converting 1 km to meters, we have h = 1000 m. Plugging in the values, we get P = (918 kg/m^3)(9.8 m/s^2)(1000 m) = 9.0 × 10^6 Pa or 90 atm. Thus, the best choice is D.

Question 11

What is the total force on the bottom of a 2.0-m-diameter by 1.5-m-deep round wading pool due to the weight of the air and the weight of the water? (Note the pressure contribution from the atmosphere is 1.0 × 10⁵ N/m²,the density of water is 1 000 kg/m³,and g = 9.8 m/s². ) A)5.1E+5 N B)1.4E+6 N C)2.1E+5 N. D)3.6E+5 N E)2.1E+5 N

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the total force on the...

Question 12

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2 500 kg/m³ and the other having density of 6 500 kg/m³.If the object contains equal masses of the materials,what is its average density? A)3 611 kg/m³ B)4 500 kg/m³ C)4 611 kg/m³ D)9 000 kg/m³ E)more information is needed

Accepted Answer

The average density is the total mass divided by the total volume. Since the object contains equal masses of the two materials, the total mass is the sum of the masses of the two materials. The total volume is the sum of the volumes of the two materials. The density of the first material is 2 500 kg/m^3, and the density of the second material is 6 500 kg/m^3. The volume of the first material is the mass of the first material divided by the density of the first material. The volume of the second material is the mass of the second material divided by the density of the second material. The total volume is the sum of the volumes of the two materials. The average density is the total mass divided by the total volume.

Question 13

A 14 500-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.100 m.If a connecting cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air,what force must be applied to this smaller piston in order to lift the car?
A)1.45E+4 N
B)5.80E+1 N
C)4.13E+3 N
D)3.53E+3 N
E)3.63E+3 N

Accepted Answer

The force on the smaller piston must be equal to the force on the larger piston, which is equal to the weight of the car. So, the force on the smaller piston must be 14 500 N.

Question 14

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1.00 atm (10⁵ Pa).What is the net outward force exerted on a 1.0 m × 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure is 0.30 atm? A)140 N B)1 400 N C)14 000 N D)140 000 N

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pressure inside a commercial airliner is...

Question 15

The quantity "pressure" expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities (mass,length,time)is equivalent to A)MLT−¹. B)ML−¹T−². C)M²L−¹T−³. D)a dimensionless quantity.

Accepted Answer

Pressure is defined as force per unit area. Force has dimensions of MLT^-2, and area has dimensions of L^2. Therefore, pressure has dimensions of ML^-1T^-2.

Question 16

An ice cube with a small solid steel sphere frozen inside floats in a glass of water filled to the brim.What happens to the level of water in the glass as a result of the ice melting?
A)It goes up,overflowing.
B)It stays the same.
C)It goes down.
D)It depends on air pressure,thus the answer is indeterminate.

Accepted Answer

When the ice melts, the water level remains the same as the volume of water displaced by the ice is equal to the volume of the melted ice. However, the steel sphere, which was previously supported by the ice, will now sink, displacing additional water equal to its volume, causing the water level to go down.

Question 17

A 1.00-kg platinum-iridium cylinder is 26.0 mm in height and 40.0 mm in diameter.What is the density of the material? A)30.6 g/cm³ B)29.8 g/cm³ C)31.2 g/cm³ D)10.0 g/cm³ E)59.6 g/cm³

Accepted Answer

The volume of the cylinder is:V = πr^2h = π(20.0 mm)^2(26.0 mm) = 33.51 cm^3The density of the material is:ρ = m/V = 1.00 kg / 33.51 cm^3 = 29.8 g/cm^3

Question 18

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.50 cm².If the chisel is struck with a force of 45.0 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone? A)9.0E+2 Pa B)9.0E+3 Pa C)9.0E+4 Pa D)9.0E+5 Pa E)4.5E+5 Pa

Accepted Answer

The answer of A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area...

Question 19

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2 500 kg/m³ and the other having density of 6 000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal volumes of the materials,what is its average density? A)3 529 kg/m³ B)4 250 kg/m³ C)5 250 kg/m³ D)8 500 kg/m³ E)more information is needed

Accepted Answer

The average density can be calculated by taking the mean of the two densities since the volumes are equal. (2500 kg/m^3 + 6000 kg/m^3) / 2 = 4250 kg/m^3.

Question 20

When water freezes,it expands about nine percent.What would be the pressure increase inside your automobile engine block if the water in there froze? (The bulk modulus of ice is 2.0 × 10⁹ Pa,and 1 atm = 1.0 × 10⁵ Pa. ) A)18 atm B)270 atm C)1 080 atm D)1 800 atm

Accepted Answer

The answer of When water freezes,it expands about nine percent.What...

Quiz 9: Fluids and Solids

In a large tank of liquid,the hydrostatic pressure at a given depth is a function of

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the container bottom is P.If the container is instead filled with oil having specific gravity 0.80,what new bottom pressure results?

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the bottom of the container is P.Then the container is emptied halfway and topped off with oil of density 0.8 × 10³ kg/m³,which floats on top of the water.What is the pressure at the bottom of the container now?

A Boeing-737 airliner has a mass of 20 500 kg.The total area of the wings is 105 m².What must be the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the wings to keep the airplane up?

A cube-shaped box is sitting on the floor.The pressure the box exerts on the floor is 235 Pa.If the density of the box is 21.0 kg/m³,what is the length of each side of the box?

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 900 m in water than at the surface where pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 10³ kg/m³,1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 10⁵ N/m²,and g = 9.8 m/s²)

Which state of matter is associated with the very highest of temperatures?

If the column of mercury in a barometer stands at 73.0 cm,what is the atmospheric pressure? (The density of mercury is 13.6 × 10³ kg/m³ and g = 9.80 m/s²)

What is the total mass of the Earth's atmosphere? (The radius of the Earth is 6.4 × 10⁶ m,and atmospheric pressure at the surface is 10⁵ N/m². )

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick.Estimate the pressure underneath the ice.(The density of ice is 918 kg/m³. )

What is the total force on the bottom of a 2.0-m-diameter by 1.5-m-deep round wading pool due to the weight of the air and the weight of the water? (Note the pressure contribution from the atmosphere is 1.0 × 10⁵ N/m²,the density of water is 1 000 kg/m³,and g = 9.8 m/s². )

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2 500 kg/m³ and the other having density of 6 500 kg/m³.If the object contains equal masses of the materials,what is its average density?

A 14 500-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.100 m.If a connecting cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air,what force must be applied to this smaller piston in order to lift the car?

The pressure inside a commercial airliner is maintained at 1.00 atm (10⁵ Pa) .What is the net outward force exerted on a 1.0 m × 2.0 m cabin door if the outside pressure is 0.30 atm?

The quantity "pressure" expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities (mass,length,time) is equivalent to

An ice cube with a small solid steel sphere frozen inside floats in a glass of water filled to the brim.What happens to the level of water in the glass as a result of the ice melting?

A 1.00-kg platinum-iridium cylinder is 26.0 mm in height and 40.0 mm in diameter.What is the density of the material?

A stonecutter's chisel has an edge area of 0.50 cm².If the chisel is struck with a force of 45.0 N,what is the pressure exerted on the stone?

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2 500 kg/m³ and the other having density of 6 000 kg/m³.If the object contains equal volumes of the materials,what is its average density?

When water freezes,it expands about nine percent.What would be the pressure increase inside your automobile engine block if the water in there froze? (The bulk modulus of ice is 2.0 × 10⁹ Pa,and 1 atm = 1.0 × 10⁵ Pa. )

Quiz 9: Fluids and Solids

In a large tank of liquid,the hydrostatic pressure at a given depth is a function of

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the container bottom is P.If the container is instead filled with oil having specific gravity 0.80,what new bottom pressure results?

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the bottom of the container is P.Then the container is emptied halfway and topped off with oil of density 0.8 × 103 kg/m3,which floats on top of the water.What is the pressure at the bottom of the container now?

A Boeing-737 airliner has a mass of 20 500 kg.The total area of the wings is 105 m2.What must be the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the wings to keep the airplane up?

A cube-shaped box is sitting on the floor.The pressure the box exerts on the floor is 235 Pa.If the density of the box is 21.0 kg/m3,what is the length of each side of the box?

By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 900 m in water than at the surface where pressure is one atmosphere? (water density = 1.0 × 103 kg/m3,1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 105 N/m2,and g = 9.8 m/s2)

Which state of matter is associated with the very highest of temperatures?

If the column of mercury in a barometer stands at 73.0 cm,what is the atmospheric pressure? (The density of mercury is 13.6 × 103 kg/m3 and g = 9.80 m/s2)

What is the total mass of the Earth's atmosphere? (The radius of the Earth is 6.4 × 106 m,and atmospheric pressure at the surface is 105 N/m2. )

The Greenland ice sheet can be one km thick.Estimate the pressure underneath the ice.(The density of ice is 918 kg/m3. )

What is the total force on the bottom of a 2.0-m-diameter by 1.5-m-deep round wading pool due to the weight of the air and the weight of the water? (Note the pressure contribution from the atmosphere is 1.0 × 105 N/m2,the density of water is 1 000 kg/m3,and g = 9.8 m/s2. )

A solid object is made of two materials,one material having density of 2 500 kg/m3 and the other having density of 6 500 kg/m3.If the object contains equal masses of the materials,what is its average density?