Question 1

One of the concerns with the Human Genome Project is that once your genetic structure is known:
A) you may be able to genetically redesign yourself.
B) you may be labeled in such a way that a self-fulfilling prophecy takes place.
C) you may be unable to get dates.
D) your parents may disown you.

Accepted Answer

One of the concerns with the Human Genome Project is the potential for genetic information to lead to labeling or stereotyping, which could result in a self-fulfilling prophecy. This means that if individuals are told they have a genetic predisposition for certain behaviors or outcomes, they might unconsciously act in ways that fulfill those expectations.

Question 2

Because of the green revolution,food production has kept pace with:
A) income increases.
B) population growth.
C) technology.
D) changes in skills.

Accepted Answer

The green revolution, which involved the use of high-yielding crop varieties, irrigation, and modern farming techniques, helped to significantly increase food production and keep pace with the world's growing population. It did not necessarily lead directly to changes in income, technology or skills.

Question 3

With use of a specific example from the Chapteror from the real world,explain this sociological paradox: Society invents technologies to minimize dangers from nature,but those same inventions create new risks that need to be managed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With use of a specific example from...

Question 4

Which of the following is one of the concerns mentioned by your textbook that has come about from the Human Genome Project?
A) sexism
B) social paranoia
C) privacy
D) elimination of Alzheimer's disease

Accepted Answer

The Human Genome Project raises concerns about privacy since the study involves analyzing individuals' genetic data, which contains sensitive and personal information. There are worries that misuse of this data can lead to discrimination or stigmatization.

Question 5

The Cooperative Wheat Research and Production Program (later CIMMYT,the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center)was established in 1945 to:
A) feed children in developing countries.
B) improve Mexico's agricultural output.
C) create a new kind of wheat.
D) help farmers diversify their crops.

Accepted Answer

The Cooperative Wheat Research and Production Program was established in 1945 to improve Mexico's agricultural output by developing better wheat varieties. Later, it became CIMMYT, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, which aimed to increase food security and reduce poverty by improving the productivity and sustainability of maize and wheat systems in developing countries.

Question 6

The introduction of high-yield crop varietals in developing countries and improvements in agricultural technologies are two trends that fall under the umbrella of:
A) the green revolution.
B) GMOs.
C) genetic modifications.
D) ecological interconnectedness.

Accepted Answer

The term "green revolution" refers to the introduction of these high-yield crop varietals and improvements in agricultural technologies in developing countries, which are aimed at increasing agricultural productivity and reducing world hunger. The other options (B, C, and D) are related concepts but do not accurately describe the specific trends mentioned in the question.

Question 7

The green revolution has made it expensive for individual farms to survive on their own,so new collectives and cooperatives have emerged to bring together household farmers.Émile Durkheim might call this a type of:
A) rebellion.
B) social solidarity.
C) genetic manipulation.
D) Verstehen.

Accepted Answer

The emergence of collectives and cooperatives among household farmers shows a form of social solidarity, where individuals come together to support one another and achieve a common goal. This is in line with Durkheim's concept of solidarity as a bond that unites individuals into a cohesive social unit. Rebellion, genetic manipulation, and Verstehen are not applicable in this scenario.

Question 8

According to the controversial twin study,there is a genetic link to:
A) homosexuality.
B) personal characteristics.
C) biological diseases.
D) psychotropic use.

Accepted Answer

The controversial twin study suggests a genetic link to homosexuality, indicating that genetics may play a role in determining sexual orientation.

Question 9

Some gays and lesbians may be in favor of finding a so-called gay gene,because many in the gay community believe that:
A) they can all move to one area of the country and know who is who.
B) the controversy will move from a moral choice to a biological characteristic,so discrimination may decrease.
C) it will allow them to become heterosexual.
D) they will then be allowed to abort their children if they have this gene.

Accepted Answer

Many in the gay community believe that finding a genetic basis for homosexuality would help shift the conversation from the idea of homosexuality being a choice based on personal morality to a biological trait, which may reduce discrimination against them. This is because discrimination against people for something they cannot help is often viewed as unjust. The other options, such as moving to a specific location or aborting children with a potential gay gene, are not realistic or ethical solutions. Additionally, being gay is not something that needs to be "cured" or changed, so the idea of genetic testing leading to a way to become heterosexual is not a goal for most members of the LGBTQ+ community.

Question 10

Since the late 1990s,a large portion of Asia has been:
A) farming a mix of crops.
B) dependent on rain to feed crops.
C) using nontoxic pesticides.
D) using high-yield rice seeds.

Accepted Answer

Since the late 1990s, a large portion of Asia has been using high-yield rice seeds, which have been developed to increase crop yields and address food security issues in the region. This technology has helped to significantly increase crop production and reduce dependence on rainwater for irrigation.

Question 11

A hypothetical nation decides to make population policy based on the fictional film Gattaca.After watching this film,policy makers would most likely decide to: 
A) invest in genetically modified foods.
B) try to develop their own green revolution.
C) perform genetic testing at birth and select the best for survival.
D) rediscover the efficiency and safety of natural living.

Accepted Answer

The movie Gattaca is set in a future where society is divided based on genetics, and people are genetically engineered to have certain traits. The movie highlights the consequences of a society that values genetics above all else, leading to discrimination and a lack of diversity. Therefore, to base population policy on the film Gattaca, policy makers would most likely decide to implement genetic testing at birth and select the best individuals for survival, which would lead to a homogenous society and possibly discrimination against those who do not fit the genetic standard.

Question 12

Which of the following is a potential problem with high-yield crops?
A) higher price of food
B) the financial burden on farms,making agriculture financially unsustainable
C) irrigated water being collected as a free resource by wasteful and lazy free riders
D) increased water usage

Accepted Answer

High-yield crops require greater amounts of water, potentially resulting in increased water usage and strain on water resources. A and B are not necessarily problems with high-yield crops themselves, but may be issues with how they are implemented or marketed. C is not directly related to high-yield crops.

Question 13

Vandana Shiva agrees that the green revolution has increased agricultural output and household incomes,but she is concerned about the:
A) impact these changes will have on marriage rates.
B) impact these changes will have on population growth.
C) short- and long-term psychological costs of these changes.
D) cultural,economic,and environmental costs of such changes.

Accepted Answer

Vandana Shiva is primarily concerned about the cultural, economic, and environmental costs of the Green Revolution, as she argues that it has led to the degradation of traditional farming practices, the displacement of rural farmers, and the loss of agricultural biodiversity. While she may have broader concerns about social and psychological impacts, her critiques are primarily focused on the broader impacts on sustainable agriculture and rural livelihoods.

Question 14

How does genetic testing relate to race?
A) Genetic testing is not used to test for race because a person's race is obvious.
B) Genetic testing can easily reveal a person's true race and ethnicity.
C) Definitive genetic markers for race do not exist.
D) Genetic testing can easily reveal a person's maternal,but not paternal,heritage.

Accepted Answer

Definitive genetic markers for race do not exist. While genetic testing can reveal information about an individual's ancestry and geographic origins, there are no specific genetic markers that can definitively determine a person's race. Race is a social construct based on visible physical characteristics, cultural identities, and historical and political contexts, rather than a biological or genetic category.

Question 15

Although the BRCA1 gene mutation is a genetic marker that predicts cancer now,it may not be a marker that predicts cancer in the future.Using your sociological imagination,explain why BRCA1 may not predict breast cancer in the future.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although the BRCA1 gene mutation is a...

Question 16

Sociologists worry that the Human Genome Project could position people positively or negatively based on their genetic codes and thus lead to greater:
A) stratification in society.
B) stigmatization in society.
C) labeling in society.
D) reproductive sacrifices in society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sociologists worry that the Human Genome Project...

Question 17

The green revolution,by increasing new technologies requiring more skills,has resulted in:
A) potentially toxic fertilizers being used incorrectly.
B) increasing the value of formal schooling for women in rural areas.
C) more competition between nations for skilled laborers.
D) increasing population growth in these areas.

Accepted Answer

The green revolution introduced new farming technologies that require more skills and knowledge. This has increased the value of formal schooling, particularly for women in rural areas who previously had limited access to education. As a result, more women are being trained and educated to use these new technologies effectively, allowing them to contribute to agricultural productivity and economic growth. Options A, C, and D are not supported by the information given in the question.

Question 18

It has taken Africa longer to reap the benefits of the green revolution because of Africa's mix of crops and:
A) dependency on rain-fed crops.
B) the hard climate.
C) pesticide-tolerant insects.
D) an uncooperative spirit among the farmers.

Accepted Answer

Africa is heavily dependent on rain-fed crops, making it difficult for the continent to benefit from the green revolution. This is because the green revolution is based on high-yielding crop varieties that require large amounts of water and fertilizers. In contrast, Africa's traditional crops are often better suited to the local climate and have been developed to survive with less water and fewer inputs. As a result, African farmers have been slower to adopt the new varieties, and in many cases have struggled to make them work in their local conditions.

Question 19

Describe the intersection between science and politics.How do they influence each other? In your answer,use one example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the intersection between science and politics.How...

Question 20

The ________ study showed how stigmas (e.g.,labels)can become self-fulfilling prophecies.
A) human genome
B) Pygmalion
C) twin
D) stigmatization

Accepted Answer

The Pygmalion effect refers to the phenomenon where people's behavior or performance is influenced by others' expectations of them. In the Pygmalion study, teachers were told that certain students had high potential, and these students ended up performing better academically as a result of the teachers' expectations. This study demonstrated how stigmas and labels can become self-fulfilling prophecies, where individuals' behavior or performance conforms to the expectations placed upon them.

Quiz 17: Science,the Environment,and Society

One of the concerns with the Human Genome Project is that once your genetic structure is known:

Because of the green revolution,food production has kept pace with:

With use of a specific example from the Chapteror from the real world,explain this sociological paradox: Society invents technologies to minimize dangers from nature,but those same inventions create new risks that need to be managed.

Which of the following is one of the concerns mentioned by your textbook that has come about from the Human Genome Project?

The Cooperative Wheat Research and Production Program (later CIMMYT,the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center) was established in 1945 to:

The introduction of high-yield crop varietals in developing countries and improvements in agricultural technologies are two trends that fall under the umbrella of:

The green revolution has made it expensive for individual farms to survive on their own,so new collectives and cooperatives have emerged to bring together household farmers.Émile Durkheim might call this a type of:

According to the controversial twin study,there is a genetic link to:

Some gays and lesbians may be in favor of finding a so-called gay gene,because many in the gay community believe that:

Since the late 1990s,a large portion of Asia has been:

A hypothetical nation decides to make population policy based on the fictional film Gattaca.After watching this film,policy makers would most likely decide to:

Which of the following is a potential problem with high-yield crops?

Vandana Shiva agrees that the green revolution has increased agricultural output and household incomes,but she is concerned about the:

How does genetic testing relate to race?

Although the BRCA1 gene mutation is a genetic marker that predicts cancer now,it may not be a marker that predicts cancer in the future.Using your sociological imagination,explain why BRCA1 may not predict breast cancer in the future.

Sociologists worry that the Human Genome Project could position people positively or negatively based on their genetic codes and thus lead to greater:

The green revolution,by increasing new technologies requiring more skills,has resulted in:

It has taken Africa longer to reap the benefits of the green revolution because of Africa's mix of crops and:

Describe the intersection between science and politics.How do they influence each other? In your answer,use one example.

The ________ study showed how stigmas (e.g.,labels) can become self-fulfilling prophecies.