Question 1

When psychologists viewed home movies of infants and children who subsequently developed schizophrenia,what did they find?
A)nothing unusual
B)all of the symptoms associated with schizophrenia
C)evidence for a "splitting" of personality
D)unusual motor patterns such as jerky,repeated,and unnecessary arm movements

Accepted Answer

When psychologists viewed home movies of infants and children who subsequently developed schizophrenia, they found unusual motor patterns such as jerky, repeated, and unnecessary arm movements.

Question 2

According to family,twin,and adoption studies,a person is at greatest risk for developing schizophrenia if he or she has a(n)
A)identical twin diagnosed with the disorder.
B)nonidentical twin diagnosed with the disorder.
C)adoptive parent diagnosed with the disorder.
D)biological parent diagnosed with the disorder.

Accepted Answer

Identical twins have the highest risk of developing schizophrenia if one twin is already diagnosed with the disorder. This indicates a genetic component to schizophrenia as identical twins share 100% of their genes. Non-identical twins share only about 50% of their genes and adoptive parents share no genes with the person, making them less likely to contribute to the risk of developing schizophrenia compared to biological factors.

Question 3

Excess dopamine activity in the brains' of individuals with schizophrenia is believed to produce ______________,but not ________________.
A)positive symptoms; negative symptoms
B)negative symptoms; positive symptoms
C)delusions; hallucinations
D)hallucinations; delusions

Accepted Answer

Excess dopamine activity in the brains' of individuals with schizophrenia is known to produce positive symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations, but not necessarily negative symptoms. Negative symptoms are believed to be caused by a different pathway in the brain.

Question 4

Twin studies suggest that schizophrenia
A)is caused entirely by genetic factors.
B)is caused entirely by environmental factors.
C)is likely caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
D)is more likely to occur in twins than nontwins.

Accepted Answer

Twin studies suggest that schizophrenia is likely caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While there is evidence that genetics plays a role, environmental triggers such as stress or drug use have also been identified as contributing factors to the development of the disorder. Therefore, it is likely that both factors interact in complex ways to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia. Additionally, while schizophrenia is more common in twins, it can still occur in people without a genetic predisposition.

Question 5

A neighbor of yours is upset that a community treatment center for mental illness is opening nearby.She is worried that the center will bring dangerous people with schizophrenia into the are a.What should you tell her?
A)People with schizophrenia are far more likely to be the victim of crimes than to commit them.
B)People with schizophrenia never commit crimes.
C)You are correct; a fair number of people with schizophrenia are dangerous.
D)Undifferentiated schizophrenia is the only dangerous form of the disorder.

Accepted Answer

It is important to address the concerns and fears of your neighbor, but it is also important to provide accurate information. Studies have shown that individuals with mental illness, including schizophrenia, are more likely to be victims of crime than to commit them. It is also important to challenge the stereotype that all individuals with schizophrenia are dangerous, as this is not accurate or fair. Providing education and resources about mental illness and the treatment center may help alleviate your neighbor's concerns.

Question 6

Researchers have discovered that the brain volume of individuals with schizophrenia is less than normal.This decrease in brain volume is accompanied a corresponding
A)decrease in the size of the ventricles.
B)increase in the size of the ventricles.
C)decrease in the size of the skull.
D)increase in the size of the skull.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with schizophrenia have larger ventricles than normal. This is believed to be because the reduction in brain volume is largely due to a loss of brain tissue, which is then replaced by cerebrospinal fluid that fills the ventricles. Therefore, there is an increase in the size of the ventricles.

Question 7

A central idea behind the ____________ rule is that a defendant is not legally responsible for a crime if they could not differentiate between right and wrong when the crime was committed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A central idea behind the ____________ rule...

Question 8

People with _______________ often act as if they are deserving of praise and admiration,but in reality they often suffer from intense self-doubt and feelings of inadequacy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with _______________ often act as if...

Question 9

The ventricles,spaces in the brain that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid,are typically larger than normal in the brains of individuals suffering from
A)schizophrenia.
B)dissociative personality disorder.
C)major depression.
D)PTSD.

Accepted Answer

Enlargement of the ventricles is a common finding in the brains of people with schizophrenia. Studies have found that individuals with schizophrenia have larger ventricles than healthy individuals, with greater enlargement in those with more severe symptoms.

Question 10

The ____________ edition of the DSM is scheduled to be released by the American Psychiatric Association
in May 2013.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________ edition of the DSM is...

Question 11

People with schizophrenia are more likely to have been born during the winter months.One explanation for this phenomenon is that
A)people born during these months are more likely to be exposed to the flu virus while still in the womb.
B)cold temperatures slow down neuronal development.
C)summer heat negatively affects the genetic maternal in sperm at the time of conception (9 months earlier).
D)Eggs released during the summer-9 months earlier-are more likely to contain genetic errors.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that pregnant women who contract a viral infection during the winter months have an increased risk of giving birth to a child who will later develop schizophrenia. This suggests that exposure to infectious agents during fetal development may be a factor in the development of schizophrenia, and the higher prevalence of winter births in patients with schizophrenia may reflect a higher incidence of maternal infection during late gestation.

Question 12

According to your textbook,attempts to prevent schizophrenia from developing in high-risk populations have
A)been very successful.
B)been somewhat successful,but only when the treatment begins before the start of adolescence.
C)been shown to reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia,but do not prevent the disorder from developing.
D)not been effective to date.

Accepted Answer

Attempts to prevent schizophrenia in high-risk populations have not been effective to date. Despite ongoing research into early intervention and risk factors, there has not yet been a successful strategy for preventing the disorder from developing.

Question 13

The schizophrenia prodrome refers to
A)a traumatic events that can trigger a schizophrenic episode.
B)a collection of mild symptoms that precede the later development of schizophrenia.
C)a controversial treatment for the disorder.
D)the disruption in cognitive ability associated with the disorder.

Accepted Answer

The schizophrenia prodrome refers to a collection of mild symptoms that precede the later development of schizophrenia. These symptoms can include social withdrawal, decreased motivation, changes in mood and behavior, and subtle perceptual disturbances. Identifying and addressing these symptoms early can potentially help prevent the onset of full-blown schizophrenia.

Question 14

Some of the symptoms of schizophrenia appear to be caused by excess _______________ activity,and too little _____________ activity.
A)dopamine; glutamate
B)glutamate; dopamine
C)GABA; epinephrine
D)epinephrine; GABA

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that excess dopamine activity and too little glutamate activity play a role in the development of schizophrenia. This is supported by the fact that antipsychotic medications, which target dopamine receptors, can effectively reduce symptoms of schizophrenia in some patients.

Question 15

Janelle is a 23-year old woman who is living happily in the United States.She has a relative who recently developed the symptoms of schizophreni a.Janelle has the highest chance of developing the illness if that relative is
A)Jameson,her 23-year old fraternal twin
B)Jamie,her 52-year old biological mother
C)Janette,her 23-year old identical twin.
D)Jerivicious,her 75-year old grandmother

Accepted Answer

Identical twins have the highest concordance rates for schizophrenia, meaning if one twin has the condition, the other is more likely to develop it compared to fraternal twins or other relatives.

Question 16

Research indicates that people with _________________ do not respond as strongly to startling stimuli,such as loud noises or disturbing images.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research indicates that people with _________________ do...

Question 17

Research indicates that some people's schizophrenia may result from abnormalities in the brain's receptor sites for what neurotransmitter?
A)acetylcholine
B)dopamine
C)GABA
D)epinephrine

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that abnormalities in the brain's dopamine receptor sites may contribute to the development of schizophrenia. Excessive dopamine activity in certain regions of the brain has been linked to positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and delusions. Antipsychotic medications that target dopamine receptor sites are effective in reducing these symptoms, further supporting the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia.

Question 18

One biological explanation for the symptoms of schizophrenia is the appearance of enlarged _________,which are fluid-filled structures that cushion and protect the brain.
A)atria
B)meninges
C)vesicles
D)ventricles

Accepted Answer

Enlarged ventricles are commonly seen in people with schizophrenia and may be a marker for abnormal development in utero or early childhood. These enlarged ventricles may contribute to the cognitive deficits and negative symptoms seen in schizophrenia.

Question 19

According to the authors of your textbook,schizophrenia is most often confused with which other psychological disorder?
A)autism
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)bipolar disorder
D)dementia

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is most often confused with dissociative identity disorder (DID) due to the misunderstanding and misrepresentation of symptoms such as hearing voices and having multiple personalities, which are more accurately associated with DID.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia?
A)the brain deteriorates to produce schizophrenia.
B)schizophrenia is the result of biological and environmental factors that interact during brain development.
C)schizophrenia is a reaction to psychologically traumatic events.
D)symptoms of schizophrenia will not occur until after the brain is fully developed.

Accepted Answer

The neurodevelopmental hypothesis suggests that schizophrenia is not caused by a single factor but rather by the interaction between various genetic, biological, and environmental factors during brain development. This hypothesis proposes that abnormalities in brain development occur before symptoms of schizophrenia appear, which may explain the typical onset of symptoms during adolescence or early adulthood.

Quiz 13: Psychological Disorders

When psychologists viewed home movies of infants and children who subsequently developed schizophrenia,what did they find?

According to family,twin,and adoption studies,a person is at greatest risk for developing schizophrenia if he or she has a(n)

Excess dopamine activity in the brains' of individuals with schizophrenia is believed to produce ,but not __.

Twin studies suggest that schizophrenia

A neighbor of yours is upset that a community treatment center for mental illness is opening nearby.She is worried that the center will bring dangerous people with schizophrenia into the are a.What should you tell her?

Researchers have discovered that the brain volume of individuals with schizophrenia is less than normal.This decrease in brain volume is accompanied a corresponding

A central idea behind the ____________ rule is that a defendant is not legally responsible for a crime if they could not differentiate between right and wrong when the crime was committed.

People with _______________ often act as if they are deserving of praise and admiration,but in reality they often suffer from intense self-doubt and feelings of inadequacy.

The ventricles,spaces in the brain that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid,are typically larger than normal in the brains of individuals suffering from

The ____________ edition of the DSM is scheduled to be released by the American Psychiatric Association in May 2013.

People with schizophrenia are more likely to have been born during the winter months.One explanation for this phenomenon is that

According to your textbook,attempts to prevent schizophrenia from developing in high-risk populations have

The schizophrenia prodrome refers to

Some of the symptoms of schizophrenia appear to be caused by excess ___ activity,and too little _ activity.

Janelle is a 23-year old woman who is living happily in the United States.She has a relative who recently developed the symptoms of schizophreni a.Janelle has the highest chance of developing the illness if that relative is

Research indicates that people with _________________ do not respond as strongly to startling stimuli,such as loud noises or disturbing images.

Research indicates that some people's schizophrenia may result from abnormalities in the brain's receptor sites for what neurotransmitter?

One biological explanation for the symptoms of schizophrenia is the appearance of enlarged _________,which are fluid-filled structures that cushion and protect the brain.

According to the authors of your textbook,schizophrenia is most often confused with which other psychological disorder?

Which of the following best describes the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia?