Question 1

This pathological lesion seen on the dorsal surface of the tongue is characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

The lesion shown is the characteristic appearance of median rhomboid glossitis, which is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the central area of the dorsal tongue. It appears as a well-demarcated, erythematous, and slightly elevated plaque, often with a papillary or granular surface. Fissured tongue presents as grooves or furrows on the dorsal surface of the tongue, hairy tongue presents as elongated and hypertrophied papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue, and migratory glossitis presents as irregular, erythematous patches with slightly elevated borders, which change in shape and location over time.

Question 2

Leukoedema is a generalized opalescence appearing on the buccal mucosa; linea alba is a dark pigmented line appearing on the buccal mucosa.

Accepted Answer

Leukoedema is a true statement as it is a common finding on the buccal mucosa, especially in people with darker skin tones. However, linea alba is not a dark pigmented line; it is a white or grayish line that can appear on the buccal mucosa due to pressure or friction from teeth or dental restorations.

Question 3

While obtaining diagnostic information from a patient, the dental hygienist learns that the appearance of this patient's teeth is familial. The correct diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Familial appearance of teeth points towards a genetic disorder, and dentinogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder that affects the development of dentin. It can cause discolored, translucent, or opaque teeth with weakened enamel and increased susceptibility to decay.

Question 4

A drug history of a patient taking a calcium channel blocker may reveal which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Gingival enlargement is a known side effect of long-term use of calcium channel blockers. It is characterized by an overgrowth of gingival tissue resulting in difficulty with oral hygiene and esthetic concerns. Cementoma is a benign tumor of the cementum and does not have any association with calcium channel blockers. Paget disease is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by excessive and disorganized bone remodeling and is not associated with calcium channel blockers. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that also has no known association with calcium channel blockers.

Question 5

The term erythroplakia is best used in which of the following contexts?

Accepted Answer

Erythroplakia refers to a clinical manifestation of a red, Velvety and irregular patch on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, which can be indicative of precancerous or cancerous changes. Therefore, the term erythroplakia is best used in a clinical context.

Question 6

Each of the following is considered a variant of normal except one. Which one is the exception?

Accepted Answer

Geographic tongue is not considered a variant of normal as it is a benign condition characterized by irregular patches on the tongue's surface, whereas the other options are normal anatomical variations.

Question 7

The eight categories that provide information leading to a definitive diagnosis are as follows: microscopic, clinical, laboratory, surgical, differential findings, radiographic, therapeutic, and:

Accepted Answer

Historical information reveals past experiences that may be relevant to the diagnosis. Etiology is not a component of the definitive or final diagnosis. The chief complaint may be helpful in understanding the patient's perspective but is not considered a diagnostic tool. Treatment is decided after the definitive or final diagnosis is made, and it is not part of the information leading to the diagnosis.

Question 8

Which term is used to describe a lesion in which parts of a whole are joined together, or fused, to make one?

Accepted Answer

Coalescence is the term used to describe a lesion in which parts of a whole are joined together or fused to make one. A fissured lesion has a cleft or groove, diffuse lesions are spread out, and multilocular lesions have multiple cavities or compartments.

Question 9

Urticaria is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

Urticaria, also known as hives, is a type of skin rash that is usually caused by an immediate allergic reaction to an allergen. It is not a genetic disorder, developmental disturbance, or immunodeficiency response.

Question 10

Each of the following conditions is considered benign and of unknown cause except one. Which one is the exception?

Accepted Answer

Amelogenesis imperfecta is not considered a benign condition as it is a genetic disorder that results in defective enamel formation on teeth.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Preliminary Diagnosis of Oral Lesions