Question 1

A type of German literature was developed approximately 250 years ago,sturm and drang,in which young people in their teens and early twenties experienced extreme emotions of angst,sadness and romantic passion.What does sturm and drang mean?

Accepted Answer

Sturm and Drang translates to "storm and stress" in English.

Question 2

The ____ self is a self that adolescents present to others while realizing that it does not represent what he or she are actually thinks and feels.

Accepted Answer

The false self is a concept in which an adolescent presents a version of themselves to others that is not authentic to their true thoughts and feelings. Therefore, option B is the best choice. Options A, C, and D do not accurately describe the concept of false self.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the overall conclusion of research that used the Experience Sampling Method to measure the emotional state of adolescence in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The Experience Sampling Method measures participants' emotions throughout the day, providing insight into their emotional state over time. Research using this method has consistently found that adolescence is a time of emotional volatility, with mood swings and intense emotional reactions being common. Therefore, choice A, "adolescence is often a time of emotional volatility," is the best description of the overall conclusion of this research.

Question 4

Which of the following research methods involves having people carry wristwatch beepers and then beeping them randomly during the day so that they can record their thoughts,feelings,and behavior?

Accepted Answer

The method described is called Experience Sampling Method (ESM) which involves randomly beeping participants throughout the day to report their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors at that specific moment in time. This form of data collection allows researchers to collect real-time data and is often used in the study of mood disorders and daily experiences. Longitudinal studies involve following participants over an extended period, quasi-experiments involve manipulating an independent variable but lack random assignment, and naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in its natural setting without manipulation.

Question 5

What have researchers discovered with regard to the size of the discrepancy between the actual and ideal selves in both adolescents and emerging adults? The discrepancy is related to ____.

Accepted Answer

Researchers have discovered that the size of the discrepancy between the actual and ideal selves in both adolescents and emerging adults is related to depressed moods. This discrepancy can lead to feelings of dissatisfaction and low self-esteem, which can contribute to depressive symptoms.

Question 6

To whom are adolescents most likely to show the self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling?

Accepted Answer

Adolescents are most likely to present a false self to dates as they may want to impress or fit in with someone they are romantically interested in.

Question 7

Over 2,000 years ago,what Greek philosopher observed that youth "are heated by Nature as drunken men by wine"?

Accepted Answer

This quote is attributed to Aristotle in his work titled "Problems."

Question 8

Give an example of how formal operational thinking allows adolescents to become very good at arguing or debating with their parents.Use your own example or outline of what an adolescent might say to a parent who told her child to be home by midnight after the prom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give an example of how formal operational...

Question 9

What is being presented when individuals put on a self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling?

Accepted Answer

When individuals put on a self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling, they are presenting a false self. This can be a defense mechanism to protect oneself from vulnerability or rejection.

Question 10

Your 15-year-old cousin exaggerates his performance in nearly every story that he tells.He claims to be a better athlete than he is,a better musician than he is,and much more popular than he actually is.To what type of self is he referring?

Accepted Answer

The ideal self refers to the version of oneself that a person aspires to be, which aligns with your cousin's exaggerations of his abilities and popularity.

Question 11

The ____ self is your self-conception,and ____ selves are the different people you could become in the future depending on your choices and experiences.

Accepted Answer

The actual self is your self-conception or how you see yourself, while the possible selves are the different versions of yourself that you could become based on your choices and experiences in the future. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 12

The actual self as defined by scholars is an adolescent's ____.

Accepted Answer

The actual self is an adolescent's self-conception, which is the way they see themselves in the present moment. It includes their beliefs, values, and personal characteristics. The real self refers to the individual's true nature, while the imagined and fictional selves are constructs of the mind that do not necessarily reflect reality.

Question 13

In what cultures do adolescents tend to be strongly peer-oriented and to value the opinions of their peers highly,especially on day-to-day issues such as how they are dressed and what they say in social situations?

Accepted Answer

Western cultures, such as those in Europe and North America, tend to place a high value on peer opinions, especially among adolescents. This is in contrast to many Asian cultures, which tend to prioritize family and authority figures over peers, and developing countries where survival and traditional values may take priority over peer opinions. African cultures are diverse and not homogeneous in their approach to peer influence.

Question 14

Your 17-year-old niece is very careful not to get involved with any types of substances and has no friends who engage in substance use of any kind.Her brother,who is 8 years older than she is,had a serious substance abuse problem during his high school years.What type of self is your niece concerned about?

Accepted Answer

The niece's concern about not getting involved with substances and avoiding friendships with substance users indicates a fear of becoming like her brother or succumbing to substance abuse. This fear is part of her "feared self," which represents who she does not want to be or become.

Question 15

The discrepancy between the actual and the ideal self is the greatest during ____.

Accepted Answer

Middle adolescence is a period of significant self-discovery and self-evaluation. During this time, teenagers are more likely to engage in identity exploration and comparison between their actual selves and their ideal selves, which can result in a greater discrepancy between the two. This can lead to increased levels of stress and mood disturbances as they struggle to reconcile their perceived shortcomings with their personal aspirations.

Question 16

Kerry loves and respects her mother; however,her mother works in a job that she hates.Kerry knows that she wants better for herself and wants to earn a college degree.Having a teaching career in mind,Kerry knows that she does not want to work in a job similar to her mother's.Which of the following self-concepts best describes Kerry trepidation of working in a dissatisfying career like her mother does?

Accepted Answer

Kerry's concern about ending up in a dissatisfying career like her mother's reflects her "feared self," which is the aspect of self-concept that represents the attributes someone might dread becoming.

Question 17

Describe how an apprenticeship program for adolescents typically works in European counties.Give an example of a profession an adolescent in Europe today might be an apprentice for.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how an apprenticeship program for adolescents...

Question 18

One aspect of the complexity of adolescents' self-conceptions is that they can distinguish between an actual self and ____.

Accepted Answer

Possible selves refer to the various versions of oneself that a person envisions for the future. Adolescents can distinguish between their current actual self and their potential or desired possible selves. This is one way in which their self-conceptions become more complex during this developmental stage.

Question 19

Comparing preadolescent 5th graders to adolescent 8th graders,Larson and Richards (1994)found that the percentage of time participants experienced as "very happy" ____.

Accepted Answer

Larson and Richards (1994) found that the percentage of time participants experienced as "very happy" decreased by 50% when comparing preadolescent 5th graders to adolescent 8th graders.

Question 20

Your little sister,who is 14 years old,has been extremely emotional lately.Her mood changes very abruptly.Although at this point there are many changes that are taking place in her life,and her emotions seem to reflect this,what is likely to occur as she develops into late adolescence? Her emotional states will ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your little sister,who is 14 years old,has...

Quiz 8: Adolescence