Question 1

Dr.Graham listens to Maria's statements and then restates what he feels is Maria's message and describes her emotions.What type of therapy is Dr.Graham practicing?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Graham is practicing person-centered therapy, which emphasizes empathy and understanding the client's perspective.

Question 2

Sylvia,who is undergoing person-centered therapy,has been told that she experiences a mismatch between her ________self and her _______self.

Accepted Answer

Person-centered therapy focuses on the discrepancy between the real self (who the person currently is) and the ideal self (who the person wants to be). Choice A is more related to psychoanalytic theory than person-centered therapy. Choice B is related to goal-setting and not specifically part of person-centered therapy. Choice C is not typically used in person-centered therapy terminology.

Question 3

________ is credited with developing person-centered therapy.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers is considered the founder of person-centered therapy, also known as client-centered therapy.

Question 4

Carl Rogers's person-centered approach is considered ________ because the client actually does all the real work,with the therapist merely acting as a sounding board.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers's person-centered approach is considered nondirective because the therapist does not give any advice or direction to the client. Instead, the client takes the lead in the therapy session, with the therapist providing a supportive and accepting environment for the client to explore their thoughts and feelings. The client is responsible for making their own decisions and determining their own path towards growth and change.

Question 5

What is the primary goal of the therapist in person-centered therapy?

Accepted Answer

The primary goal of the therapist in person-centered therapy is to provide unconditional positive regard to the client, creating a nonjudgmental environment in which the client can feel comfortable exploring and expressing their thoughts and emotions. The therapist does not aim to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors or facilitate transference, but rather to help the client become more aware of their own feelings and work towards self-actualization.

Question 6

What did Carl Rogers view as a cause of most personal problems and unhappiness?

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers believed that a mismatch between an individual's ideal self (who they want to be) and their real self (who they currently are) is the cause of most personal problems and unhappiness. He believed that people have an innate drive towards self-actualization, or reaching their full potential, and that this drive can be hindered by societal and personal pressures to conform to certain expectations. When individuals are unable to fully express their true selves and live up to their ideals, they may experience anxiety, depression, and other negative emotions.

Question 7

Which of the following individuals would be least likely to benefit from psychodynamic therapy?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic therapy focuses on exploring unconscious conflicts and emotions that may be contributing to a person's symptoms. However, individuals with severe psychotic disorders may have difficulty with reality testing and may not be able to participate in this type of therapy effectively. Therefore, Kaleem would be the least likely to benefit from psychodynamic therapy.

Question 8

Modern psychoanalysts differ from traditional Freudian psychoanalysts in that they focus on the _________ as a motivating force of behavior,and they favor ________ their patients.

Accepted Answer

Modern psychoanalysts focus on the ego as a motivating force of behavior, which includes a person's sense of self and their ability to navigate the external world. They also favor face-to-face discussions with their patients, which allows for a more collaborative and interactive approach compared to the traditional Freudian method of passive listening.

Question 9

The person-centered therapist has to be able to acknowledge and understand what the client is feeling and experiencing.This process is referred to as ____________.

Accepted Answer

Empathy is the ability of the therapist to accurately understand and reflect the client's feelings and experiences, without judgment or interpretation. This process is essential in establishing a safe and supportive therapeutic environment, where the client can feel heard and understood. Conditions of worth refer to the internalized beliefs and expectations that a person may have adopted based on external sources, such as societal norms or parental approval. Catharsis refers to the emotional release or expression of repressed feelings and memories. Unconditional positive regard refers to the therapist's acceptance and support of the client, regardless of their behaviors or past experiences. While important, none of these concepts directly relate to the therapist's ability to acknowledge and understand the client's feelings and experiences.

Question 10

Mario has always had trouble dealing with his parents as authority figures.During psychoanalysis,he reacts to the analyst in a negative manner whenever the therapist says something that reminds him of his parents' control over him.What process would Freud say is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Transference is a process in psychoanalysis where the patient transfers their feelings, attitudes, and expectations from past relationships onto the therapist. In this case, Mario's negative reaction to the therapist when he is reminded of his parents' control over him indicates that he is projecting his feelings and attitudes about his parents onto the therapist. He is transferring his emotions from his past relationship with his parents onto his relationship with the therapist in the present.

Question 11

Which of the following is a key component of Rogers's person-centered therapy?

Accepted Answer

Unconditional positive regard is a central concept in Rogers's person-centered therapy. It refers to the therapist's acceptance and nonjudgmental attitude toward the client, allowing the client to develop a more positive self-concept and move toward self-actualization. Cognition, resistance, and dream interpretation are not key components of this therapy.

Question 12

Which of the following individuals would be considered a good candidate for psychodynamic therapy?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic therapy is a form of talk therapy that focuses on unconscious conflicts and patterns. Lou, who suffers from anxiety, may benefit from this type of therapy as it can help them explore and address the underlying causes of their anxiety. However, the other options may require different types of therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy for Kaleem's psychotic disorder or art therapy for Pasha's difficulty expressing herself verbally.

Question 13

Levi's therapist is using interpersonal therapy.What would be the goal of Levi's therapy sessions?

Accepted Answer

The goal of interpersonal therapy is to help individuals understand how their relationships impact their mood and behaviors. Therefore, option A is the best answer. Option B refers to psychoanalytic therapy, option C refers to humanistic therapy, and option D refers to cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question 14

The therapist's feeling of respect and affection for the client that exists without any strings attached,no matter what the client may say or do,is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Unconditional positive regard is a core concept in person-centered therapy, which emphasizes the importance of the therapist holding a non-judgmental and accepting attitude towards the client. This means that the therapist has a genuine and positive regard for the client as a person, regardless of any behaviors, thoughts, or feelings they may express during therapy. It is an essential component of therapeutic alliance and helps to create a safe and supportive environment for the client to explore their thoughts and emotions.

Question 15

Imagine if Sigmund Freud were to go to Carl Rogers for therapy.Freud's major complaint is depression due to distress over the lack of positive response to his theories.What is Rogers most likely to say during their session?

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers, being a humanistic therapist, would focus on the present experiences of Freud, how he is feeling, and how he discusses his feelings. Option A acknowledges Freud's distress, allows him to identify it, and shows empathy towards it. This way, Freud can feel like his feelings are being heard and validated, which may provide some relief. It is possible that after this conversation, Freud may be more receptive to exploring other potential issues that contribute to his depression. Option B reflects a psychoanalytic approach, where the therapist explores the client's childhood and past experiences, searching for unresolved conflict. Option C is confrontational and may cause Freud to feel attacked, thereby triggering defenses that could make it harder for him to open up. Option D is reflective of Rogerian therapy but may not be the best approach if the client's depression prevents them from being expressive.

Question 16

What type of psychotherapy has its origins in the psychodynamic school of thought,but is not considered a true psychodynamic therapy because it combines humanistic and cognitive-behavioral interventions?

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) originated from the psychodynamic school but incorporates humanistic and cognitive-behavioral elements, distinguishing it from traditional psychodynamic therapies.

Question 17

Person-centered therapy is a type of ________ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Person-centered therapy is often referred to as a humanistic, client-centered or non-directive approach. It focuses on the client's subjective experience and emphasizes the importance of the therapeutic relationship. The therapist seeks to create a safe and non-judgmental environment in which the client can explore their thoughts and feelings, gain insight into themselves, and develop a greater understanding of their own behavior. The aim is to increase self-awareness and to help clients to become more autonomous and self-directed in their lives. This approach does not involve specific techniques or interventions but rather relies on the therapist's qualities such as empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence to create the conditions necessary for growth and change.

Question 18

Judy's therapist listens to her without interruption and judgment.She provides Judy with warmth and respect,without any conditions attached.Her therapist is demonstrating______________.

Accepted Answer

The therapist is demonstrating unconditional positive regard, which means providing warmth and respect without any conditions attached. The other answer choices are incorrect - reflection refers to repeating back and summarizing what the client has said, genuineness refers to the therapist being authentic and honest with the client, and nondirective countertransference is not a commonly used term in therapy.

Question 19

According to Carl Rogers,the __________ is how people see their actual traits and abilities.

Accepted Answer

The real self is how people see their actual traits and abilities, according to Carl Rogers. The ideal self, on the other hand, is how an individual would like to see themselves or how they would like to be perceived by others. The ego and id are concepts in Freud's psychoanalytic theory and are not relevant to Carl Rogers' concept of the self.

Question 20

According to Carl Rogers,the __________ is how people think they should be.

Accepted Answer

According to Carl Rogers, the ideal self is how people think they should be. The real self, on the other hand, is how a person actually is, and the two can often be in conflict with each other. The ego and id are concepts from Freudian psychology and are not directly related to Rogers' theory of the self.

Quiz 13: Psychological Therapies