Question 1

Risk factors that link smoking to cardiovascular heart disease (CHD) include

Accepted Answer

Smoking increases the risk of CHD by damaging the walls of blood vessels, increasing blood pressure, and decreasing oxygen supply to the heart. Smoking also tends to be associated with other risk factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and obesity. Therefore, having a lifestyle that includes other risk factors increases the risk of CHD in smokers. Low blood pressure and stress levels, as well as being female, do not necessarily contribute to the link between smoking and CHD.

Question 2

The strongest factor in determining teenagers' decreasing use of drugs is

Accepted Answer

Beliefs about the harmfulness of drugs have been consistently shown to be the strongest factor in determining teenagers' decreasing use of drugs, according to research studies. This is particularly true for marijuana use, as teenagers who perceive the drug to be harmful are much less likely to use it, while those who do not perceive it to be harmful are more likely to experiment with it. Therefore, drug education and prevention programs that aim to increase teenagers' knowledge about the negative effects of drug use may be effective in reducing overall drug use among youth.

Question 3

Which of the following effects of using cocaine are linked to increased risk for stroke and heart attack?

Accepted Answer

All of the listed effects of using cocaine can increase the risk for stroke and heart attack. Blood vessel constriction can cause reduced blood flow to the heart and brain, while an increase in heart rate and cardiac arrhythmia can strain the cardiovascular system and potentially lead to severe consequences.

Question 4

In comparison to the research on the effects of smoking and drinking on health, the research on effects of drug use on health is

Accepted Answer

While there is some research on the effects of drug use on health, it is not as extensive as the research on smoking and drinking. Drug use is also a more stigmatized behavior, which can make it harder to conduct research and gather accurate data.

Question 5

The substances in cigarettes which contribute to cardiovascular disease are

Accepted Answer

Carbon monoxide and nicotine are the substances in cigarettes that contribute to cardiovascular disease. Carbon monoxide decreases the amount of oxygen that can be carried in the blood, while nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure, both of which can contribute to heart disease. Tar and carbon contribute to lung disease. Filters and menthol do not directly contribute to cardiovascular disease. Winston and Salem are brand names and not relevant to the question.

Question 6

Most problem drinkers are

Accepted Answer

Most problem drinkers are married. This demographic includes individuals who may be managing stress and responsibilities associated with family life, which can sometimes contribute to alcohol misuse.

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between prevalence of lung cancer and smoking?

Accepted Answer

The increase in smoking rates preceded the rise in lung cancer mortality rates by about 20 years, indicating a clear relationship between lung cancer prevalence and smoking. Option A is incorrect because lung cancer prevalence has not decreased. Option C is incorrect because the gap between men and women who smoke in relation to lung cancer mortality has changed over the years. Option D is incorrect because mortality rates due to lung cancer have increased over time due to increased smoking rates.

Question 8

Factors that predict the movement from drug use to drug abuse include

Accepted Answer

The answer of Factors that predict the movement from drug...

Question 9

Prevention programs are currently being designed to deal with the use of multiple substances. What are the primary reasons for doing so?

Accepted Answer

The initial use of multiple substances often occurs in adolescence and for similar reasons, such as peer pressure, stress, and experimentation. Therefore, prevention programs that address multiple substances can be more effective in preventing substance use overall. Additionally, targeting multiple substances can be more cost-effective and convenient for individuals who may be struggling with multiple issues at once.

Question 10

The phrase "lifetime prevalence rate" refers to

Accepted Answer

Lifetime prevalence rate refers to the proportion of individuals who have experienced a particular problem or condition at any point in their lifetime. It is a measure commonly used in epidemiological studies to assess the overall burden of a condition or disease within a population.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true regarding gender differences in alcohol consumption?

Accepted Answer

Studies consistently show that men consume more alcohol than women throughout their lifetimes, with gender differences becoming more pronounced in adolescence and young adulthood.

Question 12

Heavy drinking has been linked to all of the following health problems except

Accepted Answer

Heavy drinking has been linked to many health problems, including cirrhosis, brain damage, and high blood pressure, but not asthma.

Question 13

Which of the following concepts accounts for the fact that Hank tries to keep pace with his friends in terms of number of drinks consumed when they are out together at a bar?

Accepted Answer

Modeling refers to the behavior that is learned by observing and imitating others. Hank is trying to keep pace with his friends' drinking behavior, which shows that he is imitating their behavior, making D the correct answer. A is incorrect because abstinence violation effect refers to the negative emotions and self-blame that occur after a relapse. B is incorrect because substance-related cues are triggers that lead to cravings and drug-seeking behavior. C is incorrect because negative reinforcement refers to the removal of an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated, which is not applicable in this scenario.

Question 14

The movement in Canada and the United States which advocated total abstinence from alcohol was called

Accepted Answer

The movement in Canada and the United States which advocated total abstinence from alcohol was called temperance.

Question 15

Which statement is accurate regarding long-term effects of marijuana and and tobacco use?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement is accurate regarding long-term effects...

Question 16

Terrance has a history of alcoholism in his family. Which of the following might happen to Terrance that would be less likely to happen to his friends without a similar family history?

Accepted Answer

Terrance's family history of alcoholism puts him at a higher risk for developing alcoholism himself. He may experience stronger cravings for alcohol after his first drink due to genetic and environmental factors. This is less likely to happen to his friends without a similar family history.

Question 17

Historically, _____ occurs more in countries that incorporate drinking into daily life, whereas _____ occurs more in countries that restrict alcohol use.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Historically, _____ occurs more in countries that...

Question 18

Which of the following drugs is one of the most popular in the world?

Accepted Answer

Marijuana is one of the most popular drugs in the world, with an estimated 147 million people using it worldwide in 2020. Its use is legalized or decriminalized in many countries, making it more accessible to a larger population. Cocaine, barbiturates, and heroin are all highly addictive and dangerous drugs but are not as commonly used as marijuana.

Question 19

Jose has had 5 glasses of beer and decides he needs to drive to the grocery store.He says to his roommate "I always sober up as soon as I get behind the wheel." He is _____ the effects of alcohol on his ability to drive.

Accepted Answer

Jose is underestimating the effects of alcohol on his ability to drive. This is a dangerous belief and can lead to impaired driving and accidents.

Question 20

Which is not true about passive smoking?

Accepted Answer

Designating some tables in the corner of a restaurant as smoking tables and the rest as nonsmoking does not eliminate the exposure of nonsmokers to the harmful effects of smoke. Smoke can spread throughout the restaurant and affect all patrons and staff, regardless of where they are seated.

Quiz 7: Reducing Substance and Abuse