Question 1

The intelligence quotient (IQ) is a measure that was originally developed by the U.S. military, derived by taking a person's score on the Army Alpha test and dividing it by the person's score on the Army Beta test.

Accepted Answer

The concept of the intelligence quotient (IQ) was not originally developed by the U.S. military. It was developed by psychologist William Stern for the scoring of early intelligence tests in the early 20th century, and the Army Alpha and Beta tests were specific intelligence tests developed for the U.S. military during World War I, not the basis for calculating IQ.

Question 2

The three basic requirements of a scientifically acceptable achievement, aptitude, or intelligence test are standardization, reliability, and validity.

Accepted Answer

Standardization ensures that the test is administered and scored consistently for all test-takers, reliability measures the consistency of scores over time and across different test-takers, and validity determines whether the test measures what it is intended to measure. These three requirements are essential for a scientifically acceptable test.

Question 3

Subtest scores on the WAIS have proven to have practical and clinical value, such as indicating a specific learning disability.

Accepted Answer

Subtest scores on the WAIS can be used to identify specific cognitive strengths and weaknesses, which can help diagnose learning disabilities or inform educational interventions.

Question 4

Mental age is a measurement of intelligence in which an individual's mental level is expressed in terms of the average abilities of a given age group.

Accepted Answer

Mental age is indeed a measurement of intelligence in which an individual's mental level is expressed in terms of the average abilities of a given age group. This concept was developed by French psychologist Alfred Binet in the early 20th century.

Question 5

An aptitude test is designed to measure a person's capacity to benefit from education or training.

Accepted Answer

An aptitude test is specifically designed to assess a person’s natural ability or talent to perform in certain areas or tasks. These tests evaluate a person’s potential to learn or succeed in a particular field of study or work. Hence, it is true that an aptitude test is meant to measure a person's ability to benefit from education or training.

Question 6

The original WAIS test was designed to measure the mental abilities of children, while the Stanford-Binet test was originally developed to measure the mental abilities of adults.

Accepted Answer

The original Stanford-Binet test was designed to measure the mental abilities of children, while the WAIS test was developed to measure the mental abilities of adults.

Question 7

A normal distribution is a bell-shaped distribution of scores on a graph in which most scores cluster around the mean.

Accepted Answer

This is a commonly accepted definition of a normal distribution.

Question 8

A key advantage of the Stanford-Binet intelligence test over the WAIS is that the Stanford-Binet provides scores on 11 subtests that measure different abilities rather than simply a global IQ score.

Accepted Answer

The WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) actually provides scores on multiple subtests across different domains (e.g., verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning), offering a detailed profile of strengths and weaknesses, whereas the Stanford-Binet also provides a full-scale IQ score along with scores in five factor indexes, not 11 subtests specifically designed to measure different abilities as the statement suggests.

Question 9

Research by Lewis Terman confirmed that the most successful and creative people are likely to have high IQ scores, but they were also more likely to be divorced, physically unhealthy, and addicted to alcohol or prescription drugs.

Accepted Answer

Lewis Terman's research primarily found that individuals with high IQ scores tended to be more successful academically and professionally. However, it did not conclusively find that these individuals were more likely to be divorced, physically unhealthy, or addicted to alcohol or prescription drugs. These aspects were not central findings of his study on gifted children, known as the Terman Study.

Question 10

Aptitude test is to measuring level of skill or knowledge as achievement test is to measuring capacity to benefit from education or training.

Accepted Answer

An aptitude test measures the capacity to benefit from education or training, while an achievement test measures the level of skill or knowledge.

Question 11

Research conducted by Lewis Terman indicated that differences in success among adults once considered highly intelligent children were attributable to personality factors.

Accepted Answer

Lewis Terman's research, known as the Genetic Studies of Genius, followed highly intelligent children into adulthood and found that success was not solely determined by intelligence, but also by personality factors such as persistence, motivation, and social skills.

Question 12

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale yields two scores: one for verbal abilities and one for performance abilities.

Accepted Answer

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) does yield two scores: verbal IQ and performance IQ.

Question 13

Research conducted by Lewis Terman found that highly intelligent children tended to be socially awkward and physically clumsy.

Accepted Answer

Lewis Terman's research actually found that highly intelligent children, on average, were physically healthier, more socially adept, and more emotionally stable than less intelligent children.

Question 14

Both David Wechsler and Alfred Binet developed tests that were based on their belief that intelligence involves a variety of distinct mental abilities.

Accepted Answer

Both Wechsler and Binet believed in the concept of multiple intelligences and developed tests based on it.

Question 15

About 68 percent of people who take the WAIS intelligence test will score between 85 and 115.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The WAIS test is designed to have a standard score distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. Therefore, about 68 percent of people will score within one standard deviation of the mean, which is between 85 and 115.

Question 16

Although his intelligence tests were popular while he was alive, Wechsler's intelligence tests are no longer used today.

Accepted Answer

Wechsler's intelligence tests are still commonly used today, including the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC).

Question 17

Theodore Simon was a French psychiatrist who, along with French psychologist Alfred Binet, developed the first widely used intelligence test.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Theodore Simon was a French psychiatrist who, along with French psychologist Alfred Binet, developed the first widely used intelligence test.

Question 18

Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was too complex to describe with a single number, and that performance on his tests of mental ability could be affected by many factors, including motivation.

Accepted Answer

Alfred Binet, the creator of the first intelligence test, believed that intelligence could not be summarized by a single number, and that test performance could be influenced by factors like motivation and environment.

Question 19

Standardization is the process of administering a test to a large, representative sample of people under uniform conditions for the purpose of establishing norms.

Accepted Answer

Standardization involves administering a test to a large, representative sample of people under uniform conditions to establish norms.

Question 20

The intelligence quotient or IQ score is derived by dividing a person's mental age by his or her chronological age and multiplying the result by 100.

Accepted Answer

This is the formula used for calculating IQ scores according to the original IQ test developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. However, modern IQ tests no longer use this formula and instead rely on the deviation IQ system.

Quiz 7: Section 3: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence