Question 1

Which of the following statements accurately describes the general role of insight in psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Insight can be helpful in psychotherapy if the client uses it to make changes in their behavior and thinking patterns. It is not enough to simply understand the origins of a problem; the client must also take action to change their behavior in order to resolve the problem. Therapy may continue after insight is achieved so that the client can work on implementing these changes.

Question 2

A neurostimulator, surgically implanted in the chest and connected to electrodes in the brain via wires under the skin, sends electrical signals to the brain of a person with major depressive disorder. This new experimental treatment, which does not involve seizures, is called:

Accepted Answer

DBS involves surgically implanting a neurostimulator in the chest and connecting it to electrodes in specific areas of the brain. It sends electrical impulses to these areas, which can help regulate brain activity and improve depressive symptoms without causing seizures. The other options listed (B-E) are different types of brain stimulation therapies, but they do not involve the precise implantation of electrodes in the brain.

Question 3

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The guideline "Expect change to happen quickly; as a general rule, most people make significant progress after one session of therapy" is not accurate. It can take multiple sessions and weeks or even months for significant changes to occur in therapy.

Question 4

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves stimulation of certain regions of the brain with magnetic impulses of various frequencies.

Accepted Answer

The treatment described in the question is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). This treatment involves using magnetic impulses to stimulate specific regions of the brain, and it has been found to be effective in treating major depressive disorder without inducing seizures. Options A, C, and D describe different treatments that are not related to TMS.

Question 5

A common feature of new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is that:

Accepted Answer

DBS, VNS, and TMS do not induce seizures, unlike electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Additionally, their mechanisms of action involve the modulation of brain activity through electrical or magnetic stimulation, rather than directly increasing levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, or norepinephrine.

Question 6

According to the textbook, the relationship between a therapist and client should be:

Accepted Answer

The relationship between a therapist and client should be a collaborative one, where the therapist works with the client to set goals and make decisions regarding treatment. It is important for the therapist to establish trust and empathy with the client, but the relationship should not be more important than the client's other relationships outside of therapy.

Question 7

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The guideline that therapy is not a collaborative effort and that a therapist will do all the work for you is incorrect. Therapy is a collaborative effort, and the therapist and client work together to achieve the client's goals.

Question 8

Theresa is a psychotherapist who is working with a client named Ross. Currently, Ross is agonizing over whether he should stay married or file for divorce, but he can't seem to make up his mind. According to the guidelines in the textbook, Ross should expect Theresa to:

Accepted Answer

As a psychotherapist, Theresa's role is to help Ross explore and understand his own feelings, values, and beliefs about his marriage, without imposing her own opinions or values on him. She should guide him in identifying his options, potential consequences, and his own readiness and ability to make a decision. Ultimately, Ross should make his own decision based on his own insights and values, with Theresa's support and guidance.

Question 9

A common side effect of ECT is:

Accepted Answer

Temporary or permanent memory loss for the events leading up to the ECT session is a common side effect of ECT. Mild brain damage and a greater susceptibility to seizures are rare side effects, while increased anxiety, suicidal thoughts, hallucinations, and coma are possible but very rare. Tardive dyskinesia is not a side effect of ECT but a potential side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications.

Question 10

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The guideline "Expect your therapist to make decisions for you; your therapist will often tell you what to do, reducing your stress when making important decisions" is not accurate. In therapy, the therapist should guide and assist the client in making their own decisions, rather than making decisions for them. The therapeutic relationship should be collaborative, rather than authoritative.

Question 11

Which of the following treatments for major depressive disorder does NOT involve applying an electrical current to the patient?

Accepted Answer

TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain, ECT (Electroconvulsive therapy) involves applying an electric current to the brain, VNS (Vagus nerve stimulation) is a treatment where a device is implanted to stimulate the vagus nerve in the neck, and DBS (Deep brain stimulation) involves the implantation of electrodes in certain areas of the brain to modulate its activity. Therefore, the only treatment that does not involve applying an electrical current to the patient is TMS (Choice A).

Question 12

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The guideline that catharsis is the same as change is not accurate. While catharsis can be an important part of the therapeutic process, it is not sufficient on its own to bring about lasting change. Other elements of therapy, such as cognitive restructuring and behavioral changes, are often necessary for lasting improvement.

Question 13

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves the surgical implantation of a device that delivers brief, intermittent electrical stimulation via an important nerve that runs through the neck to the brainstem.

Accepted Answer

The treatment described involves the surgical implantation of a device that delivers brief, intermittent electrical stimulation via an important nerve that runs through the neck to the brainstem, which is known as vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic technique used for trauma-related disorders, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain and deep brain stimulation (DBS) involves the implantation of electrodes in the brain to deliver electrical stimulation.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about electroconvulsive therapy is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Electroconvulsive therapy does not cause brain damage, although its mechanism of action is not fully understood. It is also not known to increase seizure frequency beyond the immediate effects of the procedure itself.

Question 15

Regarding sexual interactions between client and therapist, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Sexual contact between a therapist and client is never ethical. Such relationships are prohibited by ethical codes of conduct in mental health professions, and in many jurisdictions, such relationships are illegal. Engaging in sexual behavior with a client is a breach of the trust inherent in the therapist-client relationship, undermines the client's autonomy, and can cause serious harm to the client's mental and emotional well-being.

Question 16

The term catharsis refers to:

Accepted Answer

Catharsis refers to the emotional release or relief that people experience from talking about their feelings and problems. It can be a therapeutic tool used in psychotherapy to help individuals release and process pent-up emotions. It is also believed to have a cathartic effect in literature and performing arts, where audiences can release their emotions through the portrayal of tragic or dramatic events.

Question 17

Mackenzie has just started psychotherapy. If Mackenzie is typical of most psychotherapy clients, she should expect to notice significant progress:

Accepted Answer

Most psychotherapy clients should expect to notice significant progress after a few months of weekly sessions. However, the progress and time frame may vary depending on the individual and their specific concerns. It is also important to note that therapy is not a quick fix and may require ongoing maintenance even after significant progress has been made.

Question 18

Research on new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), suggests that:

Accepted Answer

The mentioned experimental treatments for major depressive disorder do not involve inducing seizures, making option A the correct answer. DBS involves the implantation of electrodes into specific areas of the brain, VNS involves stimulation of the vagus nerve in the neck, and TMS involves using magnetic fields to stimulate specific regions of the brain. None of these methods require the induction of seizures, unlike traditional electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) which does.

Quiz 14: Section 2: Therapies

Which of the following statements accurately describes the general role of insight in psychotherapy?

A neurostimulator, surgically implanted in the chest and connected to electrodes in the brain via wires under the skin, sends electrical signals to the brain of a person with major depressive disorder. This new experimental treatment, which does not involve seizures, is called:

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves stimulation of certain regions of the brain with magnetic impulses of various frequencies.

A common feature of new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) , vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) , and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) , is that:

According to the textbook, the relationship between a therapist and client should be:

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Theresa is a psychotherapist who is working with a client named Ross. Currently, Ross is agonizing over whether he should stay married or file for divorce, but he can't seem to make up his mind. According to the guidelines in the textbook, Ross should expect Theresa to:

A common side effect of ECT is:

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Which of the following treatments for major depressive disorder does NOT involve applying an electrical current to the patient?

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves the surgical implantation of a device that delivers brief, intermittent electrical stimulation via an important nerve that runs through the neck to the brainstem.

Which of the following statements about electroconvulsive therapy is FALSE?

Regarding sexual interactions between client and therapist, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The term catharsis refers to:

Mackenzie has just started psychotherapy. If Mackenzie is typical of most psychotherapy clients, she should expect to notice significant progress:

Research on new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) , vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) , and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) , suggests that: