Question 1

Children executing the concept of seriation on 10 similar objects of varying lengths must be able to decenter to complete their task.

Accepted Answer

Seriation involves arranging objects in a sequential order based on a specific attribute, such as length. To successfully complete this task, children must be able to decenter their thinking and focus on the specific attribute rather than the overall appearance of the objects.

Question 2

What is the difference between spontaneous concepts and scientific concepts?

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous concepts are informal and unscientific, meaning they are based on personal experiences or perceptions and are not necessarily accurate or consistent with scientific understanding. Scientific concepts, on the other hand, are formal and taught in schools based on empirical evidence and scientific principles.

Question 3

According to the text,arrange the different types of seriation based on when a child develops an appropriate understanding of them beginning from the youngest age to the oldest).

Accepted Answer

Children typically develop an understanding of seriation in the order of length, weight, and then volume. This progression aligns with the increasing complexity of the concepts and the cognitive development stages of children.

Question 4

The ability to remove focus from only one attribute and to consider varying aspects of a problem is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Decentering refers to the ability to shift focus away from one aspect of a problem or situation and consider multiple aspects at once. This is an important cognitive skill that develops in childhood and contributes to problem-solving and decision-making abilities. The other choices do not accurately describe this concept.

Question 5

Piaget's term horizontal decalage refers to

Accepted Answer

Horizontal decalage refers to the idea that children may acquire an understanding of conservation tasks in a non-uniform or uneven manner. This means that children may master one aspect of conservation before mastering others. For example, a child may be able to understand conservation of weight before understanding conservation of volume. This variability in understanding is what is referred to as horizontal decalage.

Question 6

How did Vygotsky's research differ from Piaget's?

Accepted Answer

While both Vygotsky and Piaget were interested in cognitive development, Vygotsky placed a much greater emphasis on the role of social interaction and cultural context in development, including the role of schooling. Piaget focused more on the individual's cognitive processes and the emergence of cognitive structures over time. Thus, Vygotsky's research differed from Piaget's in its attention to the social context of learning and development.

Question 7

Transitive inference is

Accepted Answer

Transitive inference refers to the ability to deduce a relationship between two objects by comparing them with a third object. This is a common cognitive skill that is important for logical reasoning and decision-making. For example, if A is bigger than B, and B is bigger than C, we can infer that A is bigger than C.

Question 8

For many children,but not all,Piaget's formal operations stage begins around _____ years of age.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's formal operations stage typically begins around 11-12 years of age for many children, but not all. It is important to note that developmental timelines vary for each individual child and may not always align with Piaget's stages.

Question 9

In the context of the text,what is conservation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the context of the text,what is...

Question 10

Children enter Piaget's stage of concrete operations at age ______ years.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's stage of concrete operations typically occurs between the ages of 7 and 12, with 7 being the lower end of the age range. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice.

Question 11

Explain why critics believe there are limitations to Piaget's findings in regards to cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why critics believe there are limitations...

Question 12

The ability of a child to retrace their thinking is known as

Accepted Answer

Retracing thinking involves reversing the thought process and going back to earlier steps. This is known as reversibility, making option D the correct answer. Option A (compensation) refers to the ability to make up for a deficit in one area by excelling in another. Option B (identify) does not relate to the ability to retrace thinking. Option C (conservation) refers to the understanding that the quantity of an object remains the same even when its appearance changes, which is not relevant to the question.

Question 13

A child in the preoperational stage can easily accomplish a task requiring classification but will struggle with class inclusion.
Knowledge,

Accepted Answer

During the preoperational stage, children can classify objects by a single feature (e.g., color or shape) but struggle with class inclusion, which requires understanding that an object can belong to multiple categories at the same time. This is because their thinking is still intuitive and not yet logical.

Question 14

Vygotsky's reference of "scientific" in scientific concepts refers to both scientific subjects and information related to academic learning.

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky believed that scientific concepts not only referred to scientific subjects but also to information related to academic learning, such as language and mathematics.

Question 15

A child is shown five dogs and five cats.Four dogs are added.The child is then asked if there are more dogs or more animals.A child in the concrete operational stage would reply "more animals." This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of class inclusion, where the child understands that dogs are a subset of animals, and hierarchical classification, where the child can categorize objects into classes and subclasses. Both concepts are key cognitive abilities developed during the concrete operational stage according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 16

Hierarchical classification requires

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical classification involves grouping similar items into subgroups that are then organized into larger groups. This means that small groups are part of larger groups (A) and subclasses are part of classes (B). Therefore, both A and B are required for hierarchical classification. Option C is not necessarily true as not all classes are dependent on each other; they may exist independently.

Question 17

Children in the preoperational stage can execute the concept of seriation if given five objects of varying lengths.

Accepted Answer

Children in the preoperational stage (ages 2-7) typically struggle with the concept of seriation, which involves arranging objects in order by size, because they have not yet developed the ability to logically order objects or understand the idea of conservation. Seriation skills usually develop during the concrete operational stage (ages 7-11).

Question 18

Vygotsky believed that education preceded cognitive development and that instruction must occur within the zone of proximal development.

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky's theory posits that cognitive development is strongly linked to social interaction and that learning occurs within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), where learners can accomplish tasks with guidance that they could not achieve alone.

Question 19

Seriation is a child's ability to arrange objects

Accepted Answer

Seriation involves arranging objects in a specific order based on a particular attribute. In this case, the attribute is size, and the child is expected to arrange the objects in order of increasing or decreasing size.

Question 20

Piaget's work has several implications for today's educators,when assisting children through the concrete operational stage.Give three suggestions educators can use to assist children in progressing through Piaget's concrete operations stage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Piaget's work has several implications for today's...

Quiz 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood