Question 1

According to studies of adopted Romanian orphans who had been initially neglected,what developmental shortcomings did the orphans experience?

Accepted Answer

Studies of adopted Romanian orphans who were initially neglected have shown that they experienced emotional and intellectual deficits. They had trouble forming attachments and showed delays in cognitive development, language skills, and social skills, such as sharing and taking turns.

Question 2

John loves spending time with Ryan because he is so much fun and they do things John would never do with his family.As a peer-group socializing agent,what status does Ryan have in comparison to John?

Accepted Answer

In a peer group, individuals typically have equal status as they are considered equals in terms of social standing and influence within the group.

Question 3

What is Charles Horton Cooley's metaphor for social self,as it is interpreted from the behaviours of others?

Accepted Answer

Cooley's metaphor for social self is the looking-glass self, which means that we see ourselves as we believe others see us. In other words, our self-concept is shaped by how we imagine we appear to others and how they react to us. It is like looking into a mirror or a looking-glass image of ourselves.

Question 4

With which medium did Canadian adults,on average in 2014,spend the highest number of hours each day engaging?

Accepted Answer

According to a survey conducted by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), Canadian adults, on average, spent the highest number of hours each day engaging with television in 2014. The average hours spent watching television were 2.8 hours per day, followed by Internet (2.1 hours), radio (1.7 hours), and newspapers and magazines (0.6 hours). Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Question 5

Joanne went to the mall on her lunch hour and on an impulse decided to buy herself a gold necklace.After work,she went back and returned the necklace because after talking with her mother she realized it was very expensive and she really didn't need it.What part of her self made the decision to return the necklace?

Accepted Answer

The "me" part of the self is associated with the socialized aspect of an individual, reflecting on actions and considering societal norms and expectations. Joanne's decision to return the necklace after discussing with her mother indicates a reflection on her actions and the influence of external opinions, aligning with the "me" concept.

Question 6

According to the examples of Victor and the Romanian orphans discussed in the textbook,which of the following is a typical outcome for children reared in isolation?

Accepted Answer

The examples of Victor and the Romanian orphans show that children reared in isolation tend to suffer from impaired emotional and intellectual development. They struggle with attachment, socialization, and language acquisition, among other things, which can have long-lasting effects on their development and well-being. While some individuals may develop a strong and independent sense of self despite their isolation, this is not typically the case. The looking-glass self and demand for instant gratification are not directly related to the outcomes of isolation discussed in the question.

Question 7

What term refers to associations of people,scattered across the country or the world,who interact via the computer on subjects of mutual interest?

Accepted Answer

Virtual communities refer to associations of people who interact via the computer on subjects of mutual interest. These communities may be scattered across the country or the world, and they collaborate online to share information and perspectives. This type of community allows individuals to connect and engage with others who share similar interests regardless of geographical location.

Question 8

What term refers to the socialization that occurs outside the family after childhood?

Accepted Answer

Secondary socialization refers to the socialization that occurs outside of the family after childhood, such as through peers, coworkers, and other groups. Resocialization refers to the process of learning new norms and values in a new social setting, ancillary socialization is not a commonly used term, and coincident socialization is not a recognized term in sociology.

Question 9

According to George Herbert Mead,from whom do we receive the first images of the self?

Accepted Answer

According to George Herbert Mead, significant others such as parents, siblings, and other important individuals in our lives provide us with the first images of the self. They shape our self-concept and influence how we see ourselves in relation to others.

Question 10

What stages did George Herbert Mead propose that people go through as they are socialized?

Accepted Answer

George Herbert Mead proposed that people go through the imitative stage, play stage, and game stage as they are socialized.

Question 11

As illustrated by the story of Victor-"the savage of Aveyron"-what happens when childhood socialization does not occur?

Accepted Answer

The story of Victor shows that without childhood socialization, most of our human potential remains locked away. Victor lacked language skills, social skills, and emotional development, making it difficult for him to fully integrate into society. He also exhibited behaviors common to feral children, such as a lack of personal hygiene and a preference for raw meat.

Question 12

Who coined the concept of the looking-glass self?

Accepted Answer

Charles Horton Cooley coined the concept of the looking-glass self in his book "Human Nature and the Social Order" published in 1902.

Question 13

Which term do sociologists use to describe adolescents imagining or trying on new roles?

Accepted Answer

Sociologists use the term "anticipatory socialization" to describe adolescents imagining or trying on new roles, such as trying out potential careers or relationships, as they anticipate becoming adults in the future. This process allows them to gain insights and experience before fully committing to a particular role or identity.

Question 14

Christopher is a four-year-old who believes that monsters are under his bed,waiting to come out after dark when he is asleep.Despite being told there are no such things as monsters,there are many nights when he cries and has difficulty sleeping.What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Thomas theorem explains that if a person perceives a situation as real, it is real in its consequences. In this case, Christopher's belief in monsters affects his behavior and emotions, even though monsters are not real.

Question 15

Despite having finished university and securing a full-time job at a local bank,Jason has returned home to live with his parents.He has his student loans to pay off and does not feel financially prepared to live on his own.According to the text,which statement best applies to Jason's situation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite having finished university and securing a...

Question 16

"Since I retired,I haven't been quite sure what to do with all my time.My children told me to relax and enjoy my retirement,but I still feel like I have a contribution to make to society." What challenge faced by retirees today is reflected in this statement?

Accepted Answer

The statement reflects the challenge of feeling like one has lost their role and purpose in society after retirement, leading to a role-less status. The other options are not explicitly reflected in the statement.

Question 17

A scientist says the following: "As a child,my parents always encouraged me to ask questions.I think they enjoyed seeing me learn about new things.This is likely why I am so curious today." According to the text,what would this statement most likely indicate about the scientist's parents?

Accepted Answer

The scientist's parents encouraged and enjoyed seeing the scientist learn about new things, indicating that they likely had the means and value system to prioritize educational development. This suggests that they are middle-class parents.

Question 18

Which of the following do schools teach as part of the informal hidden curriculum?

Accepted Answer

The hidden curriculum refers to the unwritten, unofficial, and often unintended lessons, values, and perspectives that students learn in school. While the formal curriculum includes the courses, lessons, and learning activities students participate in, the hidden curriculum includes lessons that are learned indirectly. Conformity to social norms and expectations is a significant part of the hidden curriculum, as schools often teach students to follow rules, adhere to societal norms, and fit in with peer groups, even though these lessons may not be explicitly stated in the school's official curriculum.

Question 19

According to the text,why is adolescence a difficult and confusing time?

Accepted Answer

The text states that adolescence is a difficult and confusing time because teenagers are torn between parental values and those promoted by their peer group.

Question 20

Scott was born in 1991 and takes great offense when his mother labels his behaviours as being typical for an individual from the "Generation Me" group.What other designation could Scott's mom use that would still be accurate but that Scott might find less offensive?

Accepted Answer

This term refers to individuals born between the early 1980s and the mid-1990s, which includes Scott's birth year of 1991. While some individuals within this generation do exhibit self-centered behaviors, the term "Millennial" does not have the same negative connotations as "Generation Me." It is also more specific to Scott's age group and therefore more accurate. The other options, such as "silent generation" and "greatest generation," refer to entirely different age cohorts and would not be appropriate to use for Scott's generation. "Generation X" is a term used for individuals born between the mid-1960s and early 1980s, so it would also not be accurate for Scott's age group.

Quiz 4: Socialization