Question 1

Alyssa's parents are continuously encouraging her by saying things like,"you can do whatever you set your mind to" and "success is yours if you work hard enough." As a result,Alyssa has internalized the less than perfect results on her university exams as being personal failures.What would you say to Alyssa's parents?

Accepted Answer

While it is important to encourage hard work and motivation in children, it is also important to recognize the societal factors that can influence success. By solely attributing success to hard work, parents may be putting too much pressure on their children and making them feel like failure is a personal flaw rather than recognizing external factors that may impact success. It is important to encourage children to work hard while also acknowledging and discussing the societal influences on success.

Question 2

What term do sociologists use to describe intense,deliberate socialization that is designed to change major beliefs?

Accepted Answer

Resocialization is the term used by sociologists to describe intense, deliberate socialization that is designed to change major beliefs. Resocialization typically occurs within total institutions, such as prisons, military boot camps, or cults, where individuals must completely immerse themselves in a new set of norms, values, and behaviors in order to be accepted by the group. Through this process, individuals may experience drastic changes in their self-identities and worldviews. Immersed socialization and psychotherapy are not commonly used terms in sociology to describe this process. Anticipatory socialization refers to the process of learning and internalizing the norms and values associated with a future role or position, such as a student preparing to become a teacher.

Question 3

"Situations we define as real become real in their consequences." What is this statement known as?

Accepted Answer

This statement is known as the Thomas theorem, which articulates that if people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences, emphasizing the subjective nature of reality and its impact on behavior and society.

Question 4

What is a common outcome for children raised in isolation?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that children raised in isolation experience slow mental and social development due to lack of interaction and stimulation from their environment.

Question 5

As identified in the text,which technique is associated with resocialization?

Accepted Answer

Initiation rites are often used as a technique for resocialization, especially in situations such as joining a new group or organization. These rites can involve symbolic acts or ceremonies that signify the transition from one status to another, and often involve a period of instruction and training. Scheduling, status elevation, and brainwashing are not necessarily associated with resocialization techniques.

Question 6

A four-year-old girl loves dressing up in her mother's clothes and pretending that she is going out for dinner with her friend.According to George Herbert Mead,what stage in the development of taking the role of the other is this young girl displaying?

Accepted Answer

The young girl is engaging in play, which is the first stage in Mead's theory of taking the role of the other. Play involves children taking on roles and imagining themselves in various scenarios, such as dressing up and pretending to go out to dinner. The sensorimotor stage is the first stage in Piaget's cognitive development theory and focuses on sensory exploration and early motor skills. Imitation involves copying the behavior of others, while game involves understanding and following rules in structured activities with others.

Question 7

In 2012,17-year-old Trayvon Martin was fatally shot by George Zimmerman-a neighbourhood watch coordinator-on the grounds that Martin "looked suspicious and up to no good." What sociological concept is demonstrated by this event?

Accepted Answer

The Thomas theorem is demonstrated in this event, which posits that if people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. George Zimmerman's perception of Trayvon Martin as suspicious influenced his actions, leading to real, tragic consequences based on his subjective interpretation of the situation.

Question 8

Which statement is in keeping with the Thomas theorem?

Accepted Answer

The Thomas theorem states that "If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences." In this case, if teachers have certain expectations, they can influence the success of their students, which is in line with the Thomas theorem. The other answer choices do not relate to the Thomas theorem.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the concept of "taking the role of the other"?

Accepted Answer

Taking the role of the other refers to the process of imagining oneself from another person's perspective, understanding their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. This helps in developing empathy towards them and creating social interactions that are empathetic and reciprocal. Option A is too narrow in the scope, option B is too extreme, and option D is not a correct description of the concept of "taking the role of the other."

Question 10

According to the text,what does the study of gender socialization tell us?

Accepted Answer

The text states that the study of gender socialization tells us that "What people think of as masculine or feminine is largely a product of socialization." This aligns with option D. The other options are not supported by the text.

Question 11

"David was bullied as a child,so I think he is going to be mad after he finds out that we pressured Frank to participate in the prank last night." What social practice is reflected in this statement?

Accepted Answer

The statement reflects taking the role of the other, as the speaker is anticipating how David, who was bullied as a child, might feel after finding out that Frank was pressured into participating in a prank. The speaker is putting themselves in David's shoes and imagining how he might react based on his past experiences.

Question 12

At the dinner table,Leesha's mom asked her what she had learned in class that day and Leesha responded,"the Thomas theorem." When her mom asked her to explain,which statement is most likely how would Leesha respond?

Accepted Answer

The Thomas theorem states that "If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences." In other words, the way individuals perceive a situation or reality has a significant impact on the outcome of the situation.

Question 13

According to George Herbert Mead,which term refers to the stage in which children act out behaviour without understanding it?

Accepted Answer

Mead referred to the stage in which children act out behaviour without understanding it as the imitative stage.

Question 14

Which agents of socialization receive a mandate from society to train the next generation?

Accepted Answer

Family and school are recognized as the primary agents of socialization, carrying the responsibility to instill societal norms and values in children and youth. This responsibility is mandated by society as a whole, as it is considered essential for ensuring the continuity of the social order. While clubs and organizations, media and technology, and peers and friends may also contribute to socialization, they do not carry the same level of societal mandate as family and school.

Question 15

Which term is used to describe the socialization that takes place when powerful socializing agents intentionally cause a swift change in the values,roles,and self-conception of people?

Accepted Answer

Resocialization is the term used to describe the intentional and rapid process of changing a person's values, beliefs, roles, and self-conception, typically by powerful socializing agents like prisons, military, or cults. It involves breaking down the existing identity and re-building it to fit the new social environment. Other options are not specifically related to intentional and rapid socialization process.

Question 16

Which of the following differentiates generations from age cohorts?

Accepted Answer

Age cohorts are groups of people who share the same age range, while generations are groups of people who share significant formative experiences, such as historical events or cultural shifts. Therefore, formative experiences are what differentiate generations from age cohorts. Formative behaviours, values, and roles may also be influenced by these experiences, but they are not unique to generations.

Question 17

Which theory defines the perspectives of Charles Horton Cooley and George Herbert Mead?

Accepted Answer

The perspectives of Charles Horton Cooley and George Herbert Mead are both categorized under interactionist theory, which emphasizes the role of social interaction and communication in shaping an individual's identity and behavior.

Question 18

High school student Stan wears a tie every day and carries a briefcase.He looks like he should be going to an office rather than to a high school.According to sociologists,what is Stan experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Stan is engaging in anticipatory socialization, which refers to the process of learning and adopting behaviors and attitudes that are expected in a future role or status. In this case, Stan is preparing for a future career in an office setting, and is adopting the dress and behavior associated with that role.

Question 19

A young mother is raising a two-year-old boy and a three-year-old girl.She is careful to dress her children in distinctly masculine or feminine clothes and encourages her son to play with trucks and army figures,and her daughter to play with dolls.Which term best describes what this mother is doing?

Accepted Answer

Gender role socialization is the process by which children learn the behaviors and attitudes that are considered appropriate for their sex. This mother is engaging in gender role socialization by encouraging her son to play with trucks and army figures, and her daughter to play with dolls.

Question 20

According to George Herbert Mead,children who are in the game stage are beginning the process of learning to internalize.What are they learning how to respond to?

Accepted Answer

In the game stage, children are learning to respond to the generalized other, which refers to the expectations and attitudes of society as a whole. They are internalizing societal norms and beliefs and learning how to conform to them. The significant other, peer expectations, and reference groups are all important in the development of the self, but they are not specifically associated with the game stage of Mead's theory of socialization.

Quiz 4: Socialization