Question 1

Raymond asked Nicole to explain the concept of groupthink to him.What might Nicole say?

Accepted Answer

Groupthink is a phenomenon where the pressure to conform within a group leads to dysfunctional decision-making. Individual members suppress their own opinions and conform to the group's consensus, leading to a flawed decision or outcome.

Question 2

What term describes a group that establishes boundaries to separate itself from others?

Accepted Answer

An in-group refers to a group of people who share similar characteristics, interests or values and often establish boundaries to differentiate themselves from others, who are considered out-group members.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a leadership style?

Accepted Answer

Laissez-faire, behavioural, democratic, and authoritarian are all recognized leadership styles.

Question 4

Scott is desperately in need of employment and asks you for help in finding a job.According to the text,what should you advise him to do?

Accepted Answer

Broadening contacts and using casual acquaintances can increase networking opportunities, which is often an effective way to find job leads and opportunities.

Question 5

Which term is defined as a secondary group designed to achieve explicit objectives?

Accepted Answer

A formal organization is a type of secondary group that aims to accomplish specific objectives through structured rules and regulations, a hierarchy of authority, and division of labor. Examples of a formal organization include corporations, government agencies, and universities.

Question 6

Who advanced the classic conception of a bureaucracy and argued that it was an efficient way for a modern society to conduct its business?

Accepted Answer

Max Weber advanced the classic conception of a bureaucracy and argued that it was an efficient way for a modern society to conduct its business.

Question 7

Gavin is an avid social media user,and decides to investigate the social connectedness of people around the world.While in the process of analyzing a data set of instant messages composed of 40 billion conversations among 260 million people,his roommate Scott predicted the answer.Gavin was amazed when he discovered that Scott was right.What figure did Scott predict?

Accepted Answer

Scott predicted the figure "6," which refers to the concept of "six degrees of separation." This theory suggests that any two people on the planet are, on average, six or fewer social connections apart. Gavin's discovery that this prediction held true in his analysis of social media conversations aligns with this concept.

Question 8

John told the teacher about how the boys were teasing one of the girls mercilessly at recess.According to the text,why might John have spoken out about the event when none of the other boys dared to?

Accepted Answer

The answer of John told the teacher about how the...

Question 9

What is the meaning of the word "oligarchy"?

Accepted Answer

Oligarchy refers to a system of government where a small group of people or families hold power and control over the rest of the society. It is opposite to rule by the people, which is known as democracy.

Question 10

According to the research of Wellman,Carrington,and Hall (1997),how many social ties does each Torontonian have,on average?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the research of Wellman,Carrington,and Hall...

Question 11

A young man growing up in a small town has a desire to be a jazz musician;however,he has no one to "jam" with.Yet he collects records,reads jazz history,and idolizes jazz innovator Miles Davis.What does this distant jazz community represent for this young man?

Accepted Answer

A reference group is a social group that an individual uses as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior. In this case, the jazz community, including musicians like Miles Davis whom the young man idolizes, serves as a reference group for him. He looks up to this community for inspiration and guidance, even though he is not directly interacting with them.

Question 12

According to research,which leadership style is least effective?

Accepted Answer

Laissez-faire leadership style is the least effective as it involves a lack of direction and guidance, which can lead to ambiguity and confusion among team members. This type of leader typically avoids making decisions and leaves most of the responsibility and decision-making to their team members. This can lead to dip in productivity and morale among team members, as they might not have the necessary guidance to carry out their work effectively.

Question 13

Carmen asked Jason to give an example of a laissez-faire leader in the company they both worked at.Which of the following individuals would Jason identify?

Accepted Answer

A laissez-faire leader is someone who takes a hands-off approach and lets their team work independently without much guidance or control. Jane in the accounting department fits this description as her philosophy is "do your work, and come find me if you need me." The other options all involve some level of control or input from the leader, which is not characteristic of a laissez-faire leadership style.

Question 14

Edom needs a favour from Antonio,but she does not know Antonio.However,she knows Kerstyn,who knows Antonio.Therefore,Edom calls Kerstyn and asks her to ask Antonio if he can offer assistance.What social relationship is Edom using to obtain assistance?

Accepted Answer

Edom is using an informal social network by leveraging her relationship with Kerstyn to connect with Antonio.

Question 15

After losing the soccer game,the girls' team ran through the streets vandalizing cars and store windows.According to the text,why would the team captain insist that all of the girls participate?

Accepted Answer

The text mentions that the team captain thought that vandalism would "solidify the team’s bond." This implies that she believed that participating in vandalism would bring the team closer together and strengthen their relationships.

Question 16

Which statement does NOT accurately describe group conformity?

Accepted Answer

Low-status members of a group are more likely to conform to the group norms and opinions than high-status members, as they may seek approval or fear the consequences of disagreement.

Question 17

In bureaucracies,bigger is not always better.Which statement helps to explain why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In bureaucracies,bigger is not always better.Which statement...

Question 18

A man in a wheelchair is waiting at a subway station with several other people,when he gets swarmed by a group of unruly teens-they poke fun at him and race him up and down the station platform in his chair.Why do the witnesses do nothing?

Accepted Answer

This situation is an example of the bystander effect, where the presence of multiple bystanders decreases the likelihood that any one individual will intervene. The diffusion of responsibility among the witnesses reduces their sense of individual responsibility to intervene in the situation.

Question 19

When leaving the bar at closing time,Sarah and Patrick saw a young man lying on the sidewalk and bleeding profusely.They hurriedly walked around the pool of blood,commenting on the bloody footprints left behind by the other bar patrons.What phenomenon best accounts for this behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Bystander apathy refers to the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help or intervene in emergency situations when others are present. In this case, Sarah and Patrick are exhibiting bystander apathy by walking around the pool of blood and commenting on the footprints instead of offering help to the young man.

Question 20

Members of the running group the Bangkok Runners all think of themselves as runners,whatever their competitive ability.What are these runners,as a class of people?

Accepted Answer

The members of the Bangkok Runners are a social category, defined by their shared characteristic of considering themselves runners. They may not necessarily have any direct interaction or relationships beyond their shared interest in running. A primary group involves more personal and intimate relationships, while a running group implies a more formal organization with specific objectives beyond just identifying as runners. A network involves more complex and diverse relationships beyond just a shared characteristic.

Quiz 21: Networks, Groups, and Bureaucracies