Question 1

According to Ferdinand Tönnies,what is the difference between a community and a society?

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Question 2

List the sociological factors,as outlined in the text,which contribute to the ability of humans to commit evil acts upon others.

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Question 3

Explain fully how structures of authority tend to render people obedient.

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Question 4

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a bureaucracy.Incorporate examples from the text and your own personal experiences.

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Question 5

What are the four main criticisms that sociologists have levelled against bureaucracies?

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Question 6

Justine met with her four friends for lunch.Her friends ordered wine spritzers,but Justine did not.If Justine had ordered a spritzer simply because her friends had,what would this be an example of?

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Conformity refers to adjusting one's behavior or thinking to match those of others, often in response to real or imagined group pressure. In this scenario, if Justine had ordered a spritzer just because her friends did, it would be an example of conformity, as she would be aligning her choice with the group's actions.

Question 7

Discuss the three types of leadership outlined in the text.

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Question 8

Explain the phenomenon of bystander apathy,and illustrate with examples.

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Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bureaucracy?

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A primary group is a small, informal group of people who share personal and long-lasting relationships, while bureaucracy is a formal organization that operates under clearly defined roles, rules, and responsibilities. Therefore, a primary group is not a characteristic of bureaucracy.

Question 10

Based on the Robber's Cave Study (Sherif,Harvey,White,Hood,and Sherif,1988 [1961])-develop a way of deconstructing barriers between Muslim and Jewish children from the war-torn Middle East.

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Question 11

Patrizia and Saul have been married for five years,and recently adopted a seven-year-old boy from Africa.According to the text,which statement best describes their social relationship?

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Adopting a child from a different culture and ethnicity can bring about significant changes in the social dynamics of the family. Patrizia and Saul will need to adjust to their new roles as parents, while also navigating the challenges that come with adopting a child from a different country. This can involve learning new customs, dealing with cultural differences, and forming new relationships with their child's birth family and community. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate description of their social relationship.

Question 12

Discuss the sociological explanations for the origins of evil.Use genocide or war as your example.

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Question 13

A young woman tries to return a defective coffeemaker she had received as a wedding gift five weeks earlier,only to be told that head-office policy states all returns and exchanges must occur within 30 days and be accompanied with a receipt.What aspect of bureaucracy is captured in this example?

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The company's adherence to the strict 30-day return policy and requirement for a receipt demonstrates bureaucratic ritualism - rigidly following standardized procedures and rules, even if they may not be practical or logical in every situation.

Question 14

What is the difference between formal social networks and informal social networks? Give examples of both.

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Question 15

Explain the notion of six degrees of separation.

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Question 16

At a rave party,a 15-year-old was drugged and then raped repeatedly by a number of the partygoers.Some onlookers snapped pictures that they subsequently posted on Facebook,and others just ignored what was happening.When a witness to the affair was contacted by police,his statement was,"I didn't know her.I assumed she was a willing participant.Besides,no one else was calling 911." What is the term used to describe his reaction to the event?

Accepted Answer

Bystander apathy refers to the phenomenon in which individuals witnessing an emergency or harmful situation fail to intervene or seek help. This can be due to a diffusion of responsibility, assuming others will take action, or an assumption that someone else has already intervened. In this case, the witness did not know the victim and assumed she was a willing participant, leading to his inaction.

Question 17

Briefly explain Stanley Milgram's experiment.How would you have acted if you were one of the experimental subjects? Why?

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Question 18

In his research of small group (5-6 people)communications,social psychologist Robert Bales discovered that three roles regularly emerged in discussion groups.One person would become the task leader,another the emotional leader,and a third would be the joker of the group.Do you think these particular roles would more likely emerge in primary groups or secondary groups,or equally in both? Explain your answer.

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Question 19

What is groupthink? Give an example.

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Question 20

Discuss the two main factors that underlie bureaucratic inefficiency.

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Quiz 21: Networks, Groups, and Bureaucracies