Question 1

A case study is generally not effective for the purpose of

Accepted Answer

A case study cannot be used to test hypotheses as it focuses on a specific instance or situation and does not involve manipulating variables or comparing groups.

Question 2

In Murray's personology, a pattern of related needs and press plural), derived from infantile experience, which organizes or gives meaning to a large portion of an individual's life, is called a

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Which of the following is not a criterion identified by Alexander for the inclusion of a particular piece of data in a psychobiographical study?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

In his work on the study of lives, Robert White identified a number of growth trends in human personality. Which of the following is not a major growth trend?

Accepted Answer

Robert White's identified growth trends in human personality include the freeing of personal relationships, deepening of interests, and humanizing of values. Integration of needs is not considered one of these major growth trends.

Question 5

The Icarus complex is a

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Icarus complex is a
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Question 6

Before the twentieth century, biographies tended to be

Accepted Answer

Before the twentieth century, biographies were more focused on the actions and achievements of their subjects rather than their inner thoughts and emotions. They were less concerned with psychological analysis and tended to be more straightforward in their narrative.

Question 7

Which of the following ideas is not a central characteristic of Henry Murray's personological system?

Accepted Answer

Consistency in selfhood is not a central characteristic of Henry Murray's personological system, which focuses more on the dynamic and changing aspects of personality, such as psychogenic needs and the influence of time and context on a person's life.

Question 8

A good interpretation of a case may most profitably be seen as functioning in ways similar to a

Accepted Answer

A good interpretation of a case requires a good theory to explain and make sense of the available information. A clear ideology, list of traits, or convincing plot may not necessarily provide a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the case.

Question 9

Because a single case cannot adequately represent the whole population from which it is drawn, a case study may lack

Accepted Answer

External validity refers to the extent to which the findings of a study can be generalized to a wider population. Since a single case study cannot accurately represent the entire population, it may lack external validity. Reliability refers to the consistency of results, internal coherence refers to the logical consistency of the study, and narrative truth refers to the subjective truth of the case study. While these factors may also be impacted by limitations in a single case study, external validity is the most significant concern.

Question 10

Daniel Levinson views the overall pattern or design of a person's life as the person's

Accepted Answer

According to Daniel Levinson, the overall pattern or design of a person's life is referred to as their "life structure". This includes the roles and relationships they have, the activities they engage in, and the choices they make throughout their lifetime.

Question 11

Which of the following was not a central finding in Frenkel's study of life histories collected from European men and women in the 1920s and 30s?

Accepted Answer

Frenkel's study did not find that experiences of loneliness and daydreaming peak in old age.

Question 12

The smallest meaningful unit of behavior in Murray's system is a

Accepted Answer

A proceeding is the smallest meaningful unit of behavior in Murray's system, representing a single interaction or event.

Question 13

Which of the following themes is not part of the Icarus complex?

Accepted Answer

Striving to unite with others is not a part of the Icarus complex. The other themes—rising and then falling, narcissism, and fire and water as images of sexuality—are all associated with the Icarus complex.

Question 14

To analyze the data from a case study with a pattern-matching plan, the psychologist must first approach the data with

Accepted Answer

To use a pattern-matching plan in the analysis of a case study, a psychologist must have some theoretical expectations in mind to guide their analysis. However, they should also approach the data with an open mind, recognizing that the data may challenge or even contradict their expectations. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 15

The main purpose of medieval hagiographies was

Accepted Answer

Medieval hagiographies were primarily written to venerate Christian saints, recount their lives, virtues, and miracles, and inspire readers to follow their example. These texts were often used to promote the cult of a particular saint and to encourage pilgrimages to their shrines, which were believed to have healing powers. While some hagiographies may contain moral instruction, they are not primarily intended for this purpose. Exposure of sinful ways of men and women was more commonly found in penitential literature or saints' lives that focused on their conversion from sin. Entertainment was not the primary purpose of hagiographical literature, although some may have found it inspiring or interesting to read.

Question 16

In Frenkel's landmark study of the life histories of European men and women in the 1920s and 30s, the investigator focused on all of the following dimensions of human lives except

Accepted Answer

Conflicts with parents were not an explicit focus of Frenkel's study.

Question 17

In her study of life histories of European men and women in the 1920s and 30s, Frenkel found that a search for the "meaning of life" begins

Accepted Answer

Frenkel's study found that the search for the meaning of life typically begins in late adolescence, which is consistent with the developmental tasks of this life stage, such as establishing identity and making life choices.

Question 18

The art and science of interpreting texts is called

Accepted Answer

Hermeneutics is the field of study concerned with interpreting texts, particularly religious and philosophical texts. It involves understanding the meaning and context of a text in order to properly interpret it. Dialogistics is not a recognized term in the field of literary interpretation or analysis. The study of lives is a broad term that could refer to various disciplines such as history or sociology. Existentialism is a philosophical movement concerned with the individual's experience of existence, but it is not directly related to interpreting texts.

Question 19

In Murray's personology, a series of overlapping proceedings that together comprise a temporally meaningful period in a person's life, analogous to a "chapter" in a person's life story, is called a

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Murray's personology, a series of overlapping...

Question 20

Murray's overall model of the personality is best characterized as a

Accepted Answer

Murray's overall model of the personality is best characterized as a fluid conglomerate because it is a complex and ever-changing system that is constantly being influenced by both internal and external factors.

Quiz 12: Writing Stories of Lives: Biography and the Life Course