Question 1

The MyPlate food guide is a visual tool that illustrates the recommendations found in the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

Accepted Answer

The MyPlate food guide was created by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in 2011 to help Americans make healthier food choices based on the 2010 Dietary Guidelines. It visually depicts the five food groups (fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, and dairy) that should be included in a healthy diet, as well as the recommended portion sizes.

Question 2

Malnutrition describes

Accepted Answer

Malnutrition can describe both a state of undernutrition (A) and overnutrition (B), but it can also refer to poor nutritional status caused by an imbalance between nutrient needs and nutrient availability (C). Therefore, the best answer is D, all of the above.

Question 3

Malnutrition is a state of poor nutritional status caused by inadequate intake of nutrients.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 4

Malnutrition describes conditions of both undernutrition and overnutrition.

Accepted Answer

Malnutrition can either be a state of inadequate intake of nutrients resulting in undernutrition or excessive intake of nutrients resulting in overnutrition.

Question 5

It is difficult to compare similar food items using the Nutrition Facts panel because serving sizes have not been standardized.

Accepted Answer

The Nutrition Facts panel on food items uses standardized serving sizes, making it easier to compare similar food items directly.

Question 6

Dietary assessment of nutritional status may include all of the following tools except:

Accepted Answer

Menu selection is not a reliable tool for dietary assessment as it only reflects what a person intends to eat rather than what they actually consumed. Diet recall, a food frequency questionnaire, and a diet record are more accurate methods for assessing nutritional intake.

Question 7

Nutrient deficiency and nutrient toxicity are examples of

Accepted Answer

Nutrient deficiency and nutrient toxicity are both forms of malnutrition, which is defined as an imbalance of nutrients in the body that can lead to health problems. Overnutrition is another form of malnutrition, but it refers specifically to consuming too many nutrients or calories, leading to obesity and related health problems. Undernutrition is a type of malnutrition in which an individual does not consume enough nutrients to maintain a healthy body, leading to malnourishment and related health problems. Normal day-to-day changes in nutritional status are not related to malnutrition but may be the result of factors such as age, illness, or changes in dietary intake.

Question 8

Nutritional status is assessed using anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary methods.

Accepted Answer

Nutritional status is commonly assessed using anthropometric measurements (such as height, weight, and body mass index), biochemical tests (such as blood tests), clinical signs (such as physical examination findings), and dietary assessments (such as food intake records).

Question 9

The EAR and RDA standards are identical.

Accepted Answer

The EAR (Estimated Average Requirement) and RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) standards are not identical. The EAR is the amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the needs of half the healthy individuals in a specific age and gender group, while the RDA is the amount of a nutrient that is recommended to meet the needs of almost all (97-98%) healthy individuals in a specific age and gender group. The RDA is higher than the EAR.

Question 10

Factors that influence a person's nutritional needs include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Income is not a direct factor that influences a person's nutritional needs. However, it can affect a person's ability to access and afford healthy food options, which can indirectly impact their nutritional status.

Question 11

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are

Accepted Answer

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of four dietary assessment standards used to assess and plan dietary intake. These standards include the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). They are not a set of nutrient intake levels that should not be exceeded by any person at any age (option A), nor a record of the food items consumed by a reference person over a 3-day period (option B). Option D is also incorrect because DRIs are not based on the food items consumed by a single reference person but are established through scientific research and analysis of data from different populations.

Question 12

Measures of height, weight, head circumference, and body composition are examples of biochemical assessment tools.

Accepted Answer

Biochemical assessment tools involve the analysis of biological fluids such as blood or urine to measure levels of specific chemicals or substances such as vitamins, minerals, hormones, and enzymes. Measures of height, weight, head circumference, and body composition involve physical measurements and are not considered biochemical assessments.

Question 13

Analysis of blood or urine to determine how much of a certain nutrient or other substance is present is an example of

Accepted Answer

Analyzing blood or urine to determine nutrient or substance levels is a biochemical measurement, which involves laboratory analysis of biological samples. Anthropometric measurements involve physically measuring the body, clinical assessments involve medical examinations, and dietary assessments involve analyzing dietary intake through surveys or dietary records.

Question 14

The DRI values are established for

Accepted Answer

The DRI values are established for males and females, different age groups, and physiologic conditions (pregnancy, lactation). This is the broadest and most inclusive answer choice, covering all possible categories for which DRI values are established.

Question 15

The DRIs include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

The Daily Values are not part of the DRIs. They are a separate reference value used on food labels in the United States to help consumers make informed choices about their diet. The DRIs include Estimated Average Requirements, Recommended Dietary Allowances, Adequate Intakes, and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels, which provide a range of nutrient intake values to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.

Question 16

Height, body weight, and body composition are examples of

Accepted Answer

Anthropometric assessment tools are used to measure physical characteristics of the body such as height, weight, and body composition. Biochemical assessment tools measure the levels of substances such as glucose and cholesterol in the blood. Clinical assessment tools are used to diagnose medical conditions, and dietary assessment tools evaluate nutrient intake.

Question 17

Nutrient content claims and health claims on food labels are both regulated by the FDA.

Accepted Answer

Nutrient content claims and health claims on food labels are both regulated by the FDA under the same set of rules known as the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA). These rules dictate what claims can be made on food labels, how they must be presented, and the scientific evidence required to back them up.

Question 18

During clinical assessment, _____ of a nutrient deficiency are noted by the clinician, while _____ of a nutrient deficiency are reported by the patient.

Accepted Answer

During clinical assessment, signs of a nutrient deficiency are noted by the clinician through physical examination, while symptoms are reported by the patient. Laboratory measurements may also be used to confirm a suspicion of nutrient deficiency, but these are not typically the primary method of diagnosis. Therefore, B is the most accurate answer.

Question 19

Diet recall is a dietary assessment method that utilizes a 3-day food record.

Accepted Answer

Diet recall is a dietary assessment method in which an individual is asked to recount their food intake from the previous day or multiple days, usually through an interview with a trained professional or through a questionnaire. A 3-day food record is a different type of dietary assessment method where an individual records all food and beverages consumed over a specified period of time, usually 3 days.

Question 20

The ingredients on a food label must be listed in order of abundance in the food (most abundant to least abundant).

Accepted Answer

This is known as the ingredient list in descending order of predominance by weight.

Quiz 2: Choosing Foods Wisely