Question 1

Monism is defined as a philosophical view that considers

Accepted Answer

Monism is the philosophical view that everything is of a single substance or reality. In the context of mind and body, it often refers to the idea that the mind is not separate from the body but is a product of neural activity, aligning with choice A.

Question 2

The Egyptian author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus understood that

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

The Egyptian author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus provided accurate descriptions of the

Accepted Answer

The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus is an ancient Egyptian text that provides detailed descriptions of surgical operations and medical treatments. The author accurately described the anatomy of the meninges and cortical convolutions, which are structures that are part of the brain. However, there is no evidence that the author described the peripheral nervous system, different lobes of the cortex, or cells of the nervous system.

Question 4

A researcher has found differences between homosexual and heterosexual men in a specific area of the brain.One reason to be cautious in interpreting this finding as proof that this area causes homosexual behavior is that

Accepted Answer

This finding does not necessarily prove that this area of the brain is responsible for homosexual behavior, as it is possible that behavior could also influence the brain. Other factors such as social and environmental influences must also be considered.

Question 5

What mistaken notion about the nervous system persisted from ancient times up through the work of some Renaissance thinkers?

Accepted Answer

The mistaken notion that persisted from ancient times up through the work of some Renaissance thinkers was that the ventricles play a major role in the transmission of messages in the brain. This idea was first proposed by Hippocrates in ancient Greece and was later adopted by thinkers such as Galen and Avicenna. It wasn't until the 17th century that a more accurate understanding of the nervous system began to emerge, thanks in part to the work of figures like Thomas Willis and Rene Descartes.

Question 6

Which of the following thinkers correctly identified the brain as the source of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following thinkers correctly identified...

Question 7

Your roommate is convinced that we only use 10 percent of our brains.Which of the following statements would be best to use to persuade her that this is not true?

Accepted Answer

Option A is correct because it highlights that brain scans indicate that every part of the brain has an important role to play, and therefore it is implausible that we only use 10 percent of it. Option B is also correct because it is not practical for an organ to require so much energy while being used so infrequently. Option C is correct because it argues that from an evolutionary perspective, we would not have evolved such a complex organ as the brain if we only utilized a small fraction of it. Therefore, all of the options provide compelling evidence that we use more than 10 percent of our brain, making D the correct answer.

Question 8

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between biology and behavior?

Accepted Answer

Both biology and behavior have a reciprocal relationship with each other. Biology influences behavior through genetics, hormones, and brain structures while behavior can also influence biology through environmental factors and experiences. This interaction between biology and behavior makes it a two-way relationship. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice.

Question 9

The Egyptian author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus understood that

Accepted Answer

The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus, an ancient Egyptian medical text, shows an understanding that paralysis can result from damage to the nervous system, indicating an early recognition of the relationship between the nervous system and bodily functions.

Question 10

Biological psychology is best defined as the

Accepted Answer

Biological psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the biological foundations of behavior, emotions, and mental processes. It involves the study of how the brain and other biological systems in the body influence behavior and cognition. Options A, B, and C contain elements of the definition but do not fully capture the scope of biological psychology.

Question 11

Which of the following thinkers believed that fluids transmit information in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Herophilus, Galen, and Descartes all had theories involving fluids in the nervous system. Herophilus and Galen believed in the flow of pneuma (a vital spirit) through the nerves, while Descartes proposed that animal spirits flowed through the nerves to transmit information.

Question 12

Watching a favorite sports team lose

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the experience of watching one's favorite sports team lose can cause a decrease in testosterone levels in men. This may be due to the feeling of powerlessness and defeat associated with losing, leading to a decrease in confidence and aggression.

Question 13

The process of trepanation

Accepted Answer

Trepanation, which involves drilling or cutting a hole into a person's skull, has been practiced for thousands of years and is believed to have been used for a variety of reasons, including to release evil spirits. While there were certainly risks involved, such as infection and brain damage, it is likely that some patients did survive the procedure. There is evidence of trepanation being performed in many cultures throughout history, with some of the earliest examples dating back to the Neolithic period.

Question 14

You are a licensed clinical counselor.A 35-year-old woman comes to you who has always been very optimistic and cheerful,but suddenly is extremely depressed.There has been no change in her life circumstances,and she is aware of nothing that could be causing this depression.Given what you have learned so far,what is the first thing you might suggest to her?

Accepted Answer

The first thing to do is to rule out any underlying physical problem that may be causing the depression, which is why the counselor should suggest that the client see her doctor for a complete physical and possibly a neurologist. Once any physical causes have been ruled out, the counselor can then explore other possible causes and treatment options.

Question 15

Who correctly identified epilepsy as a condition of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Hippocrates correctly identified epilepsy as a condition of the brain and not a result of demonic possession or other supernatural causes, as was previously believed.

Question 16

Descartes' mind-body dualism is defined as a philosophical view that considers

Accepted Answer

Descartes' mind-body dualism posits that the mind and body are separate entities, with the mind being non-physical and the body being physical. This concept is often referred to as substance dualism.

Question 17

Which of the follow provide(s)evidence for early,accurate understanding of the function of the human brain?

Accepted Answer

The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus and the writings of Hippocrates provide evidence for early, accurate understanding of the function of the human brain. The papyrus contains descriptions of head injuries and their effects on the body, indicating a knowledge of the brain's importance in bodily function. Hippocrates also wrote about the brain and its role in sensory perception and movement control. Phrenology and trepanation are outdated and inaccurate methods, while Egyptian mummification and the writings of Aristotle did not provide significant insights into brain function.

Question 18

Trepanation is a(an)

Accepted Answer

Trepanation is an ancient practice of drilling holes in a person's skull. It was used for medical reasons, such as to relieve pressure on the brain or for spiritual and ritualistic purposes.

Question 19

Given what you've learned in this course so far,it is important for you to learn about the brain if you want to be a counselor and not a researcher because you need to

Accepted Answer

As a counselor, it is important to be able to recognize the possibility of some kind of physical condition behind what appears to be psychological. While counselors are not trained to diagnose mental illness or prescribe medication, understanding the brain and its functions can help them better understand their clients and provide appropriate referrals to medical professionals when necessary. Knowing as much as a neuroscientist is not required for counseling.

Question 20

During the process of mummification,early Egyptians discarded the

Accepted Answer

Early Egyptians discarded the brain during the process of mummification, as they believed that it was not important and that the heart was the seat of intelligence. The other organs, including the heart, lungs, and stomach, were preserved and placed in canopic jars.

Quiz 1: Introducing Biological Psychology

Monism is defined as a philosophical view that considers

The Egyptian author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus understood that

The Egyptian author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus provided accurate descriptions of the

A researcher has found differences between homosexual and heterosexual men in a specific area of the brain.One reason to be cautious in interpreting this finding as proof that this area causes homosexual behavior is that

What mistaken notion about the nervous system persisted from ancient times up through the work of some Renaissance thinkers?

Which of the following thinkers correctly identified the brain as the source of intelligence?

Your roommate is convinced that we only use 10 percent of our brains.Which of the following statements would be best to use to persuade her that this is not true?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between biology and behavior?

The Egyptian author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus understood that

Biological psychology is best defined as the

Which of the following thinkers believed that fluids transmit information in the nervous system?

Watching a favorite sports team lose

The process of trepanation

Who correctly identified epilepsy as a condition of the brain?

Descartes' mind-body dualism is defined as a philosophical view that considers

Which of the follow provide(s) evidence for early,accurate understanding of the function of the human brain?

Trepanation is a(an)

Given what you've learned in this course so far,it is important for you to learn about the brain if you want to be a counselor and not a researcher because you need to

During the process of mummification,early Egyptians discarded the