Question 1

For most cultures,it is not until ____ that discipline is used for children who do not follow expectations or do what is required of them.

Accepted Answer

Early childhood is the stage where discipline is typically introduced for children who do not follow expectations or do what is required of them. In infancy and toddlerhood, children are still learning and developing and discipline may not be appropriate or effective.

Question 2

In what types of cultures do parents expect that their authority will be obeyed without question and without requiring an explanation?

Accepted Answer

In traditional cultures, there tends to be a hierarchical structure in which parents hold a position of authority and their children are expected to obey without question or explanation. This is often seen in cultures that value respect for elders and authority figures. In contrast, Western and non-traditional cultures may place more emphasis on individual autonomy and independent thinking, which may lead to more questioning of parental authority. Native cultures can vary in their expectations for obedience and questioning of authority depending on their specific traditions and beliefs.

Question 3

In terms of praise as a parenting strategy,how frequently is it employed by parents in non-Western cultures?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In terms of praise as a parenting...

Question 4

_____ is a parental practice in which shame and the withdrawal of love are used to control the behaviors of children.

Accepted Answer

Psychological control involves the use of emotional manipulation and guilt to control a child's behavior. It often includes strategies such as shaming, withdrawal of love, and invalidating a child's feelings. It can lead to negative outcomes for the child, including anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Corporal punishment involves physical harm and is not an effective strategy for discipline. Authoritative parenting style is a balanced approach that encourages independence and sets clear boundaries, while also being warm and responsive. An insecure attachment refers to a lack of emotional connection and trust between a child and caregiver.

Question 5

The relationship between parents and children tends to be complex,and parenting style alone is not the end-all and be-all of answers.It is known that parents have a significant effect on their children,but children also have an effect on their parents; this relationship between parent and child is also known as ____.

Accepted Answer

The term that best describes the relationship between parents and children is reciprocal or bidirectional relationship, as it acknowledges that both parties impact one another. Option B is incorrect as it suggests a one-sided relationship. Option C is incorrect as it implies a relationship that is not based on real-world experience or evidence. Lastly, option D is incorrect as it uses mathematical terms that are not applicable in the context of parent-child relationships.

Question 6

In Latin American cultures,the authority of the parent is viewed as paramount.What is the term that describes obedience to parents and elders,especially the father?

Accepted Answer

The term that describes obedience to parents and elders, especially the father, in Latin American cultures is "respeto." It is a culturally-specific concept for respect and deference to elders, particularly parents and authority figures.

Question 7

In many cultures,when is the first time that children are disciplined?

Accepted Answer

In many cultures, the first time that children are disciplined is during early childhood. This is when they are beginning to understand rules and boundaries and can start to learn consequences for their actions. Infants are too young to understand discipline, and middle childhood and adolescence are stages where children may have already been disciplined and are continuing to learn and develop.

Question 8

Filial piety ____.

Accepted Answer

Filial piety is a cultural concept that is common in Asian cultures where children are taught to respect, obey, and revere their parents throughout their lives. It is considered an important virtue and duty to care for one's parents in old age.

Question 9

____ emphasizes respect for and obedience to parents and the elderly,especially the father.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____ emphasizes respect for and obedience to...

Question 10

Many African American,Latino,and Asian American families have been classified as "authoritarian",but this is inaccurate because ____.

Accepted Answer

Each cultural group has its own unique parenting style and forms of warmth towards their children. Classifying all of them as "authoritarian" overlooks these differences and homogenizes these distinct cultural practices.

Question 11

Which of the following is a common characteristic of both traditional Asian and Latin American families?

Accepted Answer

Both traditional Asian and Latin American families place a high value on respecting and obeying parents. This value is deeply ingrained in the culture and is passed down through generations. While other options may be true for specific families within these cultures, A is the most common characteristic shared by both groups.

Question 12

American parents who use shame and withdrawal of love in early childhood have been associated with which of the following outcomes for their children?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that using shame and withdrawal of love as a parenting technique can lead to negative outcomes for children, including anxiety, aggression, and problems with peer relations. Other factors, such as a child's temperament and other environmental factors, can also play a role in determining these outcomes. However, the use of shame and withdrawal of love as a parenting style is generally considered to be detrimental to a child's psychological development.

Question 13

When is requiring a young child to sit still in a designated place for a brief period a good discipline strategy?

Accepted Answer

Requiring a child to sit still for a brief period, often referred to as "time-out," can be effective for children with behavioral problems as it helps them calm down and reflect on their actions. It is not universally effective for all children or specific to gender or intellectual disabilities.

Question 14

Most American minority cultures,including African Americans,Latinos,and Asian Americans,have been classified by researchers as "authoritarian." This is inaccurate because these cultures were being compared to ____.

Accepted Answer

The term "authoritarian" was based on a comparison to the dominant white majority culture in America, and therefore, it was inaccurate to categorize minority cultures as such.

Question 15

You have a young child in your classroom who has behavioral problems.You have tried many different strategies,unsuccessfully,to reduce the number of his inappropriate behaviors.Only one of those strategies seems to work.What strategy is it?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have a young child in your...

Question 16

Which of the following is a practice that requires children to sit still in a designated place for a period of time in an effort to reduce undesired behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Time out is a behavioral strategy that requires children to sit in a designated area or chair for a period of time in order to reduce undesired behaviors. It is often used as a form of punishment and can be effective in reducing negative behaviors if used consistently and appropriately. Corporal punishment, reinforcement, and amae do not involve sitting still in a designated place.

Question 17

What is the term used in Latino culture that emphasizes the love,closeness,and mutual obligations of Latino family life?

Accepted Answer

Familismo is the term used in Latino culture that emphasizes the love, closeness, and mutual obligations of Latino family life. It is a cultural value that prioritizes the family unit above individual needs and encourages strong family ties and support networks. It is a central aspect of Latino identity and can be seen in family-centered traditions, such as quinceañeras and Día de los Muertos.

Question 18

Among American researchers,parenting that uses shame and withdrawal of love has been described by the term ____.

Accepted Answer

Psychological control refers to parenting strategies that manipulate children's emotional and psychological states, such as using shame or withdrawing love, to influence their behavior.

Question 19

What is the term that describes many Asian cultures' belief that children are expected to respect,obey,and revere their parents throughout life?

Accepted Answer

Filial piety refers to the belief in many Asian cultures that children have a duty to respect, obey, and revere their parents throughout their lives. This belief is rooted in Confucianism and is seen as a way to maintain family harmony and social order. Amae is a Japanese term that relates to the strong emotional bond between a parent and child. Parental honorarium and familial superiority are not terms commonly used to describe this belief.

Question 20

What culture's mothers express disappointment and withdraw their love temporarily? The child feels shame,which is a powerful inducement not to disobey again.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What culture's mothers express disappointment and withdraw...

Quiz 6: Early Childhood