Question 1

During middle and late adulthood,women become progressively ________ self-confident and men become progressively ________ empathic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During middle and late adulthood,women become progressively...

Question 2

It has been suggested that older men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because men are genetically predisposed to seek female features associated with youthful fertility.This suggestion best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The suggestion that older men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because men are genetically predisposed to seek female features associated with youthful fertility is best explained by an evolutionary perspective, which posits that certain behaviors and preferences are the result of adaptation to the environment through natural selection.

Question 3

In some cultures,men are expected to take primary responsibility for managing household finances and women are expected to take primary responsibility for preparing household meals.This best illustrates aspects of

Accepted Answer

The scenario described reflects the traditional gender roles that are expected of men and women in that particular culture. Gender roles refer to the behaviors and expectations that are associated with individuals based on their gender.

Question 4

A single ________ on the ________ chromosome plays a crucial role in the prenatal development of the testes.

Accepted Answer

The Y chromosome contains a single gene called SRY (Sex-determining Region Y), which plays a crucial role in the prenatal development of testes. This gene codes for the testis-determining factor (TDF) protein, which triggers the formation of testes instead of ovaries in the developing fetus. Therefore, the correct answer is C) gene;Y.

Question 5

Due to an insensitivity to male sex hormones during prenatal development,Robin,a genetically male baby,was born with external genitals characteristic of a female baby.Robin most clearly shows signs of a

Accepted Answer

The scenario described indicates a disorder of sexual development, in which there is a mismatch between the genetic sex of the individual and their external genitalia. This can occur for various reasons, including insensitivity to male sex hormones during embryonic development. None of the other options are applicable to this scenario - a refractory period refers to the time following sexual activity during which a person is unable to become aroused or achieve orgasm; bisexual orientation refers to a sexual attraction to both males and females, whereas Robin's situation relates to physical characteristics rather than sexual orientation; and paraphilia refers to atypical sexual desires or behaviors that may cause distress or harm to oneself or others, which is not implicated in Robin's case.

Question 6

An understanding of human sexual behavior in terms of the interplay of cultural norms,sex hormones,and people's unique sexual values and motives is most clearly provided by

Accepted Answer

A biopsychosocial approach to understanding human sexual behavior takes into account biological factors such as sex hormones, as well as psychological and social factors such as cultural norms and individual values and motives. This approach recognizes that there are complex and multiple factors that influence human sexual behavior, rather than viewing it as solely determined by evolutionary or cognitive factors.

Question 7

Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that 40-year-old single men will seek to marry women who are ________ than they are.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists argue that men are attracted to younger women as they are more likely to be fertile, and therefore able to produce more offspring. Though it is not a universal preference, research has consistently shown that men tend to choose partners who are younger than themselves.

Question 8

Ginger wants to marry someone who will provide financial security for her children-to-be.Evolutionary psychologists would most likely attribute Ginger's motivation to

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists argue that certain behaviors, such as the desire for a provider of financial security, are rooted in genetic adaptations that have evolved over time in response to selective pressures. They posit that these behaviors are universal across cultures and are a result of the reproductive challenges faced by our ancestors. Therefore, the desire for financial security is likely motivated by a genetically influenced instinct to ensure the survival and well-being of one's offspring.

Question 9

By insisting that humans are "nothing but" products of nature and nurture,we run the greatest risk of underestimating the importance of

Accepted Answer

Insisting that humans are solely products of nature and nurture can lead to a lack of focus on the role of individual responsibility, as it suggests that personal choice and agency may not be as significant in shaping behavior and outcomes.

Question 10

Critics of evolutionary psychology would be most likely to suggest that it has difficulty accounting for

Accepted Answer

The answer of Critics of evolutionary psychology would be most...

Question 11

People are especially likely to show flexibility in their career choices if they are

Accepted Answer

Androgynous individuals are more likely to embrace flexibility and diversity in their career choices because they do not conform to traditional gender roles and expectations.

Question 12

Professor Archibald suggests that men are more likely than women to initiate casual sex because this has historically served to be a more successful reproductive strategy for men than for women.The professor's suggestion best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The professor's suggestion that men's greater likelihood to initiate casual sex is based on an evolutionary perspective, which proposes that behaviors that increase reproductive success are more likely to be passed down through natural selection. This explanation is consistent with evolutionary theories of sexual selection and mating strategies. Social learning theory (A) would focus more on the influence of external factors such as social norms and media. Erotic plasticity (C) refers to the extent to which individuals' sexual orientations and desires are flexible, which is not directly related to the professor's suggestion. The older-brother effect (D) refers to the phenomenon where having older brothers increases the likelihood of a man being gay, which is unrelated to the professor's suggestion about casual sex initiation.

Question 13

Compared with boys,girls spend

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that on average, girls tend to spend more time with friends and place stronger emphasis on social relationships compared to boys. This does not necessarily mean that they spend less time in clubs or engaging in competitive sports, but the trend is that girls prioritize their social connections more than boys.

Question 14

Most of the movies Jared watches involve uncommitted sex between acquaintances.He now tends to engage in "sex just for the fun of it-without commitment." His behavior would best be attributed to the fact that the movies provided him with a memorable

Accepted Answer

The scenario given in the question suggests that Jared's behavior can be attributed to a social script. Social scripts refer to the mental models that individuals have about how to behave in certain social situations. Movies can provide young people with a social script for sexual behavior, particularly if they are exposed to images of uncommitted sex between acquaintances. In this case, Jared's exposure to such movies has likely influenced his behavior by providing him with a model of how he should behave sexually.

Question 15

When sexual intercourse happens in a committed relationship rather than a one-night sexual hookup,men and women are more likely to experience

Accepted Answer

According to research, men and women in committed relationships are more likely to experience orgasm during sexual intercourse compared to those engaging in one-night sexual hookups.

Question 16

Jayda and Thomas have been happily married for five years.After sexual intercourse,both experience feelings of sexual satisfaction and contentment.Studies have found that unlike couples who hook up for one night,Jayda and Thomas will experience a surge of the hormone _____,which promotes this feeling of satisfaction and contentment.

Accepted Answer

Prolactin is known to be released after sexual activity and is associated with feelings of sexual satisfaction and contentment. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is also associated with feelings of well-being and happiness, but it is more closely tied to mood regulation than sexual satisfaction. Estrogen and testosterone are sex hormones that are involved in sexual arousal and desire, but they are not directly linked to feelings of sexual satisfaction and contentment after intercourse.

Question 17

Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists are often criticized for developing theories to explain human behavior after the fact, rather than making predictions based on hypotheses that can be tested empirically. This approach may lead to a lack of scientific rigor and accuracy, as well as potential biases and cultural assumptions.

Question 18

Which approach is most likely to attribute gender differences in mating preferences to the impact of watching and imitating readily available social scripts?

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory emphasizes the role of socialization and the influence of social scripts in shaping human behavior. Gender differences in mating preferences could be attributed to the impact of watching and imitating readily available social scripts, such as traditional gender roles and stereotypes portrayed in media and culture. Evolutionary psychology, on the other hand, focuses on how natural selection may have shaped certain behaviors over time, including mating preferences. The fertile females theory suggests that men are attracted to fertile females based on evolutionary adaptations, while Freudian psychology emphasizes unconscious motivations and desires. However, none of these theories specifically address the impact of social learning and imitation on gender differences in mating preferences.

Question 19

Heterosexual women are most attracted to tall men with slim waists and broad shoulders.Evolutionary psychology most clearly attributes this preference to the fact that these physical characteristics are associated with

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychology suggests that heterosexual women are attracted to tall men with slim waists and broad shoulders because these physical characteristics are associated with higher chances of reproductive success. Men with these physical features are seen as healthy, strong, and able to provide protection and resources that may benefit both the female and her offspring.

Question 20

Suppose that men leave their wives to marry other women more frequently than wives leave their husbands to marry other men.Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to explain this in terms of sex differences in

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists would suggest that men may be more likely to leave their current partner to pursue other mating opportunities due to their greater reproductive capacity, as they can potentially father more offspring with multiple partners.

Quiz 5: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

During middle and late adulthood,women become progressively self-confident and men become progressively empathic.