Question 1

Interleukin-2 (IL-2)is used as adjuvant therapy for a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Which of the following does the nurse recognize as a goal of therapy with this agent?

Accepted Answer

IL-2 is used to enhance the patient's immunological response to tumour cells, leading to the destruction of malignant cells by the body's own immune system. It does not selectively alter the DNA of malignant cells, stimulate malignant cells to enter mitosis or prevent bone marrow depression.

Question 2

Prevalence is the total number of people who are living with cancer.It is more often and more usefully defined as those still alive how many years after the initial cancer diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prevalence is the total number of people...

Question 3

A 32-year-old male patient who recently married is to undergo radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease.He expresses concern to the nurse about the effect of chemotherapy on his sexual function.What is the best response to the patient's concerns?

Accepted Answer

Option D is the best response because it acknowledges the possibility of changes in sexual functioning due to radiation therapy and offers a proactive solution for the patient to consider pretreatment harvesting of sperm if he wants children. It is important to provide patients with accurate information and options for managing potential side effects of cancer treatment. Option A is incorrect because radiation therapy itself does not always lead to sterility, and it oversimplifies the potential impact of treatment on sexual function. Option B is incorrect because while temporary erectile dysfunction is a possible side effect of radiation therapy, it may not be the only change in sexual function that occurs. Option C is also incorrect because while radiation therapy may be less likely to cause sexual dysfunction than chemotherapy or surgical procedures, it is still a potential side effect and should be discussed with the patient.

Question 4

A patient has been receiving interferon therapy for treatment of cancer.For what common side effects should the nurse assess the patient?

Accepted Answer

Interferon therapy commonly causes flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, fatigue, and malaise. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are less common side effects. Opportunistic infections such as candidiasis and renal damage with increased serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are not common side effects of interferon therapy.

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of a malignant neoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Malignant neoplasms often have a moderate to marked vascularity due to the formation of new blood vessels to support their growth and proliferation. The other characteristics mentioned are more typical of benign neoplasms.

Question 6

Which one of the flowing malignancies has been linked to radiation?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid cancer has been linked to radiation exposure, particularly in areas where there has been nuclear fallout or exposure to radioactive materials.

Question 7

A 40-year-old divorced mother of four school-aged children is hospitalized with metastatic cancer of the ovary.The nurse finds the patient crying,and the patient tells the nurse that she does not know what will happen to her children when she dies.What is the most appropriate response?

Accepted Answer

This response acknowledges the patient's concerns and offers support by suggesting a discussion about options for the care of her children. It also shows that the nurse is willing to help the patient plan for the future, which may offer some comfort to the patient during this difficult time. The other options either dismiss the patient's concerns or offer false reassurances.

Question 8

A 63-year-old man has terminal cancer of the liver and is cared for by his wife at home.His abdominal pain has become increasingly severe,and he now says it is intense most of the time.Which of the following actions by the patient will the nurse recognize as evidence that teaching regarding pain management has been effective?

Accepted Answer

The patient taking analgesics around the clock on a regular schedule and using additional doses for breakthrough pain indicates effective teaching, as it demonstrates the understanding that pain management is essential for comfort and quality of life. Option A is incorrect as limiting the use of opiates could potentially result in unmanaged pain. Option B is incorrect as it demonstrates a lack of understanding that pain can be managed in cancer patients. Option C is incorrect as waiting until the pain becomes unbearable may lead to inadequate pain relief.

Question 9

A patient is receiving chemotherapy for a large tumour of the liver.For which of the following reasons does the nurse recognize that the expected response to this therapy is limited?

Accepted Answer

Chemotherapy is more effective when the number of cancer cells is smaller because it can target and kill a higher proportion of the cancerous cells, leading to a better response. Large tumors have more cells, making it harder for chemotherapy to be effective against all of them.

Question 10

Which stage would a patient with Hodgkin's disease be experiencing when there is extensive local and regional spread of the cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

Stage III is characterized by extensive local and regional spread of the cancer cells, meaning that the cancer has spread beyond the lymph nodes to other organs or tissues in the body. This stage is more advanced than stages I and II but less advanced than stage IV, which indicates that the cancer has spread throughout the body. Therefore, choice C is the best answer.

Quiz 18: Cancer

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is used as adjuvant therapy for a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Which of the following does the nurse recognize as a goal of therapy with this agent?