Question 1

To what does the term postcolonial refer?
A) diplomatic efforts by the superpowers to play the interests of newly independent states off those of their former colonizers
B) the vehement nationalism of independence movements in Europe's Asian colonies
C) the many legacies of colonial rule, which have extended well beyond independence
D) the emergence of political and cultural philosophies rejecting the legacies of colonialism
E) the decade following independence when a new nation establishes itself economically

Accepted Answer

The term postcolonial refers to the many legacies of colonial rule that have extended well beyond independence. This includes issues such as economic exploitation, cultural subjugation, political instability, and social inequality. It also encompasses the ways in which colonialism has influenced identity, language, and the relationship between colonizer and colonized. Postcolonial studies seek to understand and address these complex legacies.

Question 2

The "neoliberal" economics of the 1970s stressed:
A) budget deficits and free markets with restraints on profit incentives and social welfare programs.
B) free markets and social welfare programs with restraints on budget deficits.
C) profit incentives and social welfare programs with restraints on budget deficits and free markets.
D) profit incentives and budget deficits with restraints on social welfare programs.
E) free markets and profit incentives with restraints on budget deficits and social welfare programs.

Accepted Answer

The "neoliberal" economics of the 1970s stressed free markets and profit incentives with restraints on budget deficits and social welfare programs. This approach favored reducing government intervention in the economy and promoting individual economic freedom, while also limiting government spending on social welfare programs and maintaining fiscal discipline. This economic philosophy became influential in many countries during the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in the United States and the United Kingdom.

Question 3

Although there is a sharp divide between the most successful global players and the poorer,disadvantaged states and cultures,the poorer states have been able to respond to a very profitable market in the West in one area of manufacture,that of:
A) illegal drugs.
B) steel.
C) software.
D) motion pictures.
E) pharmaceuticals.

Accepted Answer

The production and sale of illegal drugs, such as cocaine and heroin, has become a profitable market for many poorer states and cultures. Despite being illegal, the demand for these drugs in the West has allowed for a thriving black market and the development of a lucrative industry for some.

Question 4

The development of the Internet has given rise to a new meaning for the expression:
A) "one world."
B) "global culture."
C) "world culture."
D) "global village."
E) "small world."

Accepted Answer

The phrase "global village" is the most commonly used expression to describe the world becoming more interconnected and interdependent due to the development of technology and the internet. This term was coined by Marshall McLuhan in the 1960s, and it emphasizes the idea that the world is becoming smaller and more interconnected, with information and communication flowing freely across borders and cultures.

Question 5

By the late twentieth century,health officials' worries that a disease would spread to epidemic proportions much more quickly due to accelerated rates of travel were confirmed by:
A) SIDS.
B) AIDS.
C) SARS.
D) TARRS.
E) TARP.

Accepted Answer

The AIDS epidemic in the late twentieth century confirmed health officials' worries about diseases spreading quickly due to increased rates of travel. SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) is not related to travel and is not an epidemic disease. SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) did spread quickly due to air travel, but it was not until the early 2000s. TARRS and TARP are not known diseases.

Question 6

Although South Africa made a relatively easy transition from apartheid to majority rule,other African countries had a much bloodier path to follow.For example,in the former Belgian colony of _________,over 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered by the Hutus in a brutal display of ethnic violence.
A) Rhodesia
B) Rwanda
C) Zaire
D) the Congo
E) Zambia

Accepted Answer

The sentence mentions the brutal massacre of Tutsis by the Hutus, which occurred in Rwanda in 1994. None of the other options are related to this event.

Question 7

A central aspect of globalization since 1970 has been the:
A) rapid integration of commercial and financial markets.
B) rapid expansion of technology to every corner of the world.
C) population explosion, which created a vast pool of unskilled labors in the Third World.
D) free flow of labor, particularly between former colonies and imperial powers.
E) free flow of information that has allowed for the decrease in political tensions.

Accepted Answer

The rapid integration of commercial and financial markets, through advancements in transportation and communication technologies, has been a key aspect of globalization since 1970. This has allowed for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders, leading to an increase in cross-border trade and investment.

Question 8

One of the major influences in the postcolonial world prior to 1990 was:
A) the availability of capital to develop a country's native industries.
B) a declining birthrate among the developing countries.
C) denial of European markets to their emerging industries.
D) full support by the old colonial powers in their colony's development.
E) the Cold War with its attendant superpower patronage.

Accepted Answer

The Cold War had a major influence on the postcolonial world, with superpowers like the US and USSR providing patronage and support to different countries. This led to the creation of alliances and influenced economic policies, as countries sought to align with one or the other superpower.

Question 9

"Globalization" and "internationalization" are not synonymous,as globalization can occur:
A) only between countries with a common language and culture.
B) quite independently of national control.
C) between two or more groups of people, but only in the cultural realm.
D) only under the control of established nation-states.
E) only within a single geographical area.

Accepted Answer

Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and integration of societies and economies across national borders, and it can occur independently of national control. Internationalization, on the other hand, refers to the process of expanding involvement in international markets and activities. While globalization and internationalization are related concepts, they are not synonymous.

Question 10

How were South African politics decisively transformed in and after 1990?
A) by the brutal spillover of civil wars in neighboring Angola and Zaire
B) by the dramatic example of Rhodesia's transition to minority rule as Zimbabwe
C) by the return to the politics of apartheid that had been eliminated in the 1960s
D) by the cumulative economic effects of sanctions imposed on South Africa by the United States and the Commonwealth during the 1980s
E) by the release of political prisoner Nelson Mandela and the legalization of the African National Congress

Accepted Answer

The release of political prisoner Nelson Mandela and the legalization of the African National Congress in 1990 marked the beginning of a dramatic transformation of South African politics. This led to the negotiation and signing of the historic multi-party agreements, culminating in the first multiracial democratic elections in 1994 that saw Mandela elected as the country's first black president. The end of apartheid and the establishment of a new democratic government marked a decisive transformation in South African politics.

Question 11

The term liquid modernity refers to:
A) the uncertainty of life in the twenty-first century.
B) rapid advances made in medical science toward the end of the twentieth century.
C) the relative free flow of people, money, and ideas around the world.
D) paintings by Salvador Dali and the surrealist school.
E) monetary policy set by the World Bank to allow currency values to float relative to each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term liquid modernity refers to:
A) the...

Question 12

In 1990,Saddam Hussein attempted to restore Iraq's influence and prestige by invading its neighbor:
A) Syria.
B) Kuwait.
C) Iran.
D) Afghanistan.
E) Pakistan.

Accepted Answer

In 1990, Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion of Kuwait, claiming it as part of Iraq's historical territory. The move was widely condemned by the international community, and led to a coalition of forces led by the United States to expel Iraqi forces from Kuwait, known as the Gulf War.

Question 13

Globalization has generated discussions concerning all of the following EXCEPT:
A) the nature of citizenship.
B) transnational corporation accountability.
C) the environment.
D) the human cost involved in globalization.
E) the legitimacy of national self-determination.

Accepted Answer

Globalization discussions typically focus on issues like citizenship, corporate accountability, environmental impact, and human costs, but not directly on the legitimacy of national self-determination, which is more related to political sovereignty and independence.

Question 14

The post-World War II arrangements reached by the Allies at Bretton Woods steadily eroded in the late 1960s and effectively ended in 1971,when the United States:
A) refused to endorse the establishment of the World Bank.
B) defaulted on a loan it had guaranteed through the International Monetary Fund.
C) withdrew from membership in NATO following France's lead.
D) withdrew its support for the financial policies of the G-7 countries.
E) abandoned the postwar gold standard and allowed the dollar to range freely.

Accepted Answer

The post-World War II arrangements reached by the Allies at Bretton Woods involved a fixed exchange rate system based on the US Dollar being tied to gold. However, as the US accumulated more and more debt from foreign spending, other nations began to doubt the US's ability to maintain the gold standard. In August 1971, President Nixon announced that the US would abandon the gold standard, allowing the dollar to float freely on the international market. This effectively ended the Bretton Woods system and marked a significant shift in global financial policy.

Question 15

By the 1990s,the most ambitious medical research project undertaken was:
A) a worldwide commitment to seek a cure for all forms of cancer.
B) the Human Genome project to map the architecture of human DNA.
C) the search for a cure for all
D) a final push to eradicate smallpox and tuberculosis from the world.
E) the failed attempt to eliminate cholera from the industrial world.

Accepted Answer

The Human Genome project, initiated in the 1990s, aimed to map the entire DNA sequence of the human genome, which was a monumental task and the most ambitious medical research project of that time. This project provided a blueprint for researchers to understand the genetic basis of various diseases and develop new treatment approaches. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. Option A, C, D, and E are incorrect as there were no coordinated efforts to find a cure for all forms of cancer, eradicate all diseases, or eliminate cholera from the industrial world in the 1990s. Though there were initiatives to eradicate smallpox and tuberculosis from the world, they were not the most ambitious medical research projects of that decade.

Question 16

Although many countries suffered from declining populations in the late twentieth century,the country that took a very sudden and potentially dangerous move in this direction was:
A) Finland.
B) the Soviet Union.
C) Great Britain.
D) Germany.
E) the United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although many countries suffered from declining populations...

Question 17

By the late twentieth century,electronic devices had revolutionized the lives of individuals,but none to the degree of:
A) personal computers.
B) mobile phones.
C) handheld organizers.
D) portable CD players.
E) iPods.

Accepted Answer

While all of the options listed have had a significant impact on individuals' lives, personal computers have had the most far-reaching and revolutionary effects. They have transformed the way people work, communicate, and access information on a global scale. Personal computers have also paved the way for advancements in other electronic devices, such as mobile phones, handheld organizers, and portable music players.

Question 18

At its most basic,globalization means:
A) unity and peace.
B) equality of nations and prosperity.
C) sameness.
D) integration.
E) common means of communication.

Accepted Answer

Globalization refers to the process of countries and societies becoming more integrated and interconnected through trade, communication, and other forms of exchange. Therefore, option D - integration - is the most appropriate answer as it reflects what globalization means at the most basic level. Options A, B, and E are incorrect because while they may be potential outcomes of globalization, they do not accurately represent its fundamental essence. Option C - sameness - is also incorrect as globalization involves the blending and exchange of diverse cultures rather than a push for homogeneity.

Question 19

One of the greatest advancements in medical research in the late twentieth century was the:
A) development of a vaccine against most viruses.
B) eradication of most forms of early infant mortality.
C) invention of the electron microscope.
D) development of genetic engineering.
E) eradication of typhus throughout the world.

Accepted Answer

The development of genetic engineering allowed scientists to manipulate and alter genetic material, leading to significant advancements in medicine such as the production of genetically engineered insulin and the ability to identify and understand the genetic basis of diseases.

Question 20

Demographic studies indicate that the world's population is:
A) growing rapidly in North America and Europe while shrinking elsewhere.
B) growing rapidly on all continents with isolated pockets of shrinkage.
C) shrinking in North America and Europe while rapidly expanding elsewhere.
D) generally shrinking with isolated pockets of growth.
E) steadily increasing at a fairly constant rate across all continents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Demographic studies indicate that the world's population...

Quiz 29: A World without Walls: Globalization and the West

To what does the term postcolonial refer?

The "neoliberal" economics of the 1970s stressed:

Although there is a sharp divide between the most successful global players and the poorer,disadvantaged states and cultures,the poorer states have been able to respond to a very profitable market in the West in one area of manufacture,that of:

The development of the Internet has given rise to a new meaning for the expression:

By the late twentieth century,health officials' worries that a disease would spread to epidemic proportions much more quickly due to accelerated rates of travel were confirmed by:

Although South Africa made a relatively easy transition from apartheid to majority rule,other African countries had a much bloodier path to follow.For example,in the former Belgian colony of _________,over 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered by the Hutus in a brutal display of ethnic violence.

A central aspect of globalization since 1970 has been the:

One of the major influences in the postcolonial world prior to 1990 was:

"Globalization" and "internationalization" are not synonymous,as globalization can occur:

How were South African politics decisively transformed in and after 1990?

The term liquid modernity refers to:

In 1990,Saddam Hussein attempted to restore Iraq's influence and prestige by invading its neighbor:

Globalization has generated discussions concerning all of the following EXCEPT:

The post-World War II arrangements reached by the Allies at Bretton Woods steadily eroded in the late 1960s and effectively ended in 1971,when the United States:

By the 1990s,the most ambitious medical research project undertaken was:

Although many countries suffered from declining populations in the late twentieth century,the country that took a very sudden and potentially dangerous move in this direction was:

By the late twentieth century,electronic devices had revolutionized the lives of individuals,but none to the degree of:

At its most basic,globalization means:

One of the greatest advancements in medical research in the late twentieth century was the:

Demographic studies indicate that the world's population is: