During which substage of Piaget's sensorimotor stage does the child "begin to act upon the outside world," a process by which infants seek to repeat enjoyable events in their environments if they happen to produce them through chance activities?

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During substage 3, Secondary Circular Reactions (typically from 4 to 8 months of age), infants start to make accidental discoveries and then repeat the actions that led to them, showing an initial understanding of how they can influence the world around them. This substage is characterized by the intentional repetition of actions that extend beyond the infant's own body to objects and effects in the external environment.

During Which Substage of Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage Does the Child