Question 1

Women who continue to try to fulfill several roles perfectly report maximum strain and stress.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that women who try to balance multiple roles and strive for perfection in each role are more likely to experience high levels of stress and strain. It can be challenging for individuals to balance work, family, and personal responsibilities without sacrificing their own well-being.

Question 2

Psychologist Jeffrey Arnett has proposed that the educational, social, and economic demands that modern cultures make on young adults have given rise to a new developmental period called delayed adolescence.

Accepted Answer

Jeffrey Arnett proposed the concept of "emerging adulthood," not delayed adolescence, to describe the phase of life between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood.

Question 3

One of the greatest predictive factors for the high divorce rates among cohabitating couples who later marry is the number of prior cohabiting or sexual relationships each participant has engaged in.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the greatest predictive factors for...

Question 4

Family roles often spill over into a woman's work life, but work roles are more likely to spill over into a man's family life.

Accepted Answer

This statement is supported by research on gender and work-family roles. Women are often expected to prioritize their family roles and responsibilities, even in the workplace, while men may be judged more harshly for prioritizing their work over their family roles. As a result, women may experience more work-family conflict while men may experience less, although both genders can struggle to balance their various roles and responsibilities.

Question 5

Research indicates that, due to changing sex-role expectations, more men are assuming the role of kin-keeper (keeping connections and arranging family gatherings) than ever before.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research indicates that, due to changing sex-role...

Question 6

In Canada, the divorce rate for those who lived together before marriage is double that of those who did not cohabit before marriage.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Studies have shown that cohabitation before marriage is associated with a higher risk of divorce in Canada.

Question 7

Parental investment theory suggests that women choose mates after only carefully screening their commitment to parenting.

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that women are more selective in mate choice due to their higher biological investment in offspring, but it does not imply that women only screen for commitment to parenting. They also consider other factors such as resources, status, and genetic quality.

Question 8

Levinson's life structures concept proposes that individuals must master a stage-related psychosocial task and that each stage's task builds on the successful completion of earlier stages.

Accepted Answer

Levinson's life structures concept does not propose that individuals must master a stage-related psychosocial task with each stage building on the successful completion of earlier stages; this description more accurately reflects Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Levinson's theory focuses on the concept of life structures, which are primarily shaped by the individual's choices and societal influences, and it involves transitions and "seasons" of life rather than stage-related tasks.

Question 9

Despite the women's movement, the gap between women's income and that of their male counterparts has been increasing steadily.

Accepted Answer

The statement is not true. While there is still a gender pay gap, it has been slowly decreasing over time, rather than increasing steadily.

Question 10

Women feel more conflict between family and work roles than men.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that women experience more conflict between their familial and work responsibilities in comparison to men. This can be attributed to gender role expectations and societal pressures that often place the burden of caregiving and household management on women.

Question 11

Research has indicated that gay and lesbian relationships show nearly identical patterns and roles as heterosexual couples.

Accepted Answer

Many studies and surveys have shown that gay and lesbian relationships exhibit similar patterns and roles as those seen in heterosexual relationships. For example, research has found that both same-sex and opposite-sex couples place a high value on communication, trust, and commitment in their relationships. Additionally, both types of couples may experience similar challenges related to finances, conflict resolution, and balancing individual needs with those of the relationship. Overall, while there may be some differences in the specifics of how individual same-sex and opposite-sex couples navigate their relationships, the similarities between the two groups are greater than the differences.

Question 12

Research studies suggest that the parts of the brain that underlie rational decision-making, impulse control, and self-regulation do not fully mature until approximately the mid-twenties.

Accepted Answer

Research studies have indeed suggested that the parts of the brain responsible for rational decision-making, impulse control, and self-regulation do not fully mature until around the mid-twenties.

Question 13

Assortative mating, or homogamy, is the theory that opposites attract.

Accepted Answer

Assortative mating or homogamy theory suggests that people tend to choose partners who are similar to themselves in terms of personality, education, social class, and other traits. Therefore, it suggests that "like attracts like" rather than opposites attracting.

Question 14

Family has a significant influence on the occupational choice made by a young adult.

Accepted Answer

Family values, beliefs, and expectations often shape a young adult's preferences for certain occupations, and they may provide support and access to resources that can facilitate their entry into a particular field. Additionally, families may offer insight, advice, and feedback that can influence decision-making about career paths.

Question 15

Rather than stages, Levinson's theory proposes that a person's life structures (roles, relationships, etc.) change over the course of adulthood presenting new developmental tasks and conflicts along the way.

Accepted Answer

Levinson's theory proposes that a person's life structures change over the course of adulthood, with new developmental tasks and conflicts arising, rather than having strictly defined stages.

Question 16

Compared to men, the work pattern of adult women is more likely to be interrupted or discontinuous.

Accepted Answer

This is due to factors such as maternity leave, caregiving responsibilities, and societal expectations related to gender roles. These gaps in employment can have a negative impact on women's earnings and career advancement opportunities.

Question 17

Roisman's research suggests that the most significant and complex developmental domain that young adults must master is work-related skills and adjustments.

Accepted Answer

Roisman's research suggests that the most significant and complex developmental domain that young adults must master is forming intimate relationships, not work-related skills and adjustments.

Question 18

Cross-sex friendships are more common among adults than they are among 10-year-olds.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that cross-sex friendships become more common among adults, while they are less common among young children and pre-teens. This may be due to social norms and expectations that discourage close friendships between boys and girls at a young age.

Question 19

According to social role theory, mate selection is driven by gender based social rules and role expectations more than any other factor.

Accepted Answer

Social role theory posits that gender roles and expectations influence mate selection more than any other factor. This theory suggests that individuals are more likely to choose partners who possess qualities that align with traditional gender roles and expectations, such as men being breadwinners and women being caregivers. Therefore, social norms and expectations related to gender play a significant role in mate selection.

Question 20

As a sociodemographic trend, the number of intermarriages of visible minorities has increased more than threefold over the past 25 years in Canada.

Accepted Answer

According to Statistics Canada, the number of intermarriages of visible minorities has increased more than threefold over the past 25 years in Canada.

Quiz 14: Social and Personality Development in Early Adulthood