Question 1

The _______ a woman expects to earn herself, the ________ her income requirements in a prospective mate.

Accepted Answer

more;higher

Question 2

Which of the following is an element of evolutionary theories of mate selection?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theories of mate selection suggest that men have a preference for mates who are younger and physically attractive (due to indicators of fertility), while women have a preference for mates who have financial resources (due to the need for support during pregnancy and childrearing). This is known as the "sexual strategies theory" and is based on the idea that men and women have evolved different mating strategies due to differences in reproductive investments.

Question 3

In Super's exploratory stage of career development, at age 15 to 24, the young person searches to find a fit between their interests, their personality, and the range of available jobs.

Accepted Answer

In Super's exploratory stage of career development, individuals aged 15 to 24 engage in self-assessment, explore career options, and seek out experiences to clarify their interests, values, and abilities in relation to the world of work. The goal is to find a good match between their personality and strengths, and the range of available jobs, which can provide the basis for a satisfying and successful career.

Question 4

Which of the following is the best illustration of the social role theory of mate selection?

Accepted Answer

Mate selection practices are based on gender roles that change to reflect different social realities.

Question 5

The theory that the sex differences that occur in mate preferences and mating behaviour are based on the different amounts of time and effort that men and women invest in child-rearing is called

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory proposes that the sex differences in mating behavior and preferences are based on the different amount of time and investment required for men and women to reproduce, with women typically having to invest more in gestation, childbirth, and child-rearing. This theory suggests that women tend to be more selective in their mate choices, while men are more competitive and seek to mate with multiple partners.

Question 6

Researchers suggest that reframing the situation for yourself in a way that identifies the positive elements is the most helpful overall strategy for coping with conflict between work and family roles.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that focusing on the positive elements of the situation is the most effective strategy for coping with conflict between work and family roles. Reframing the situation in a positive light can help individuals feel more in control of their lives and increase their overall well-being.

Question 7

The sociological term for the tendency to mate with someone who has traits similar to one's own is

Accepted Answer

Homogamy theory refers to the tendency to mate with someone who has similar traits, values, and interests as oneself. This can be based on characteristics such as race, ethnicity, religion, education, and socioeconomic status. Homogamy theory suggests that people are attracted to those who are similar to themselves, as they tend to have more in common and share similar worldviews.

Question 8

The elusiveness of job security across the board has negatively affected job satisfaction rates in mid-career.

Accepted Answer

The statement indicates that the lack of job security has had a negative impact on job satisfaction rates in mid-career, suggesting that mid-career workers are experiencing less job security than they would like.

Question 9

According to Holland's personality and work types theory, career army officers would belong to the conventional type category.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Holland's personality and work types...

Question 10

What was the median age for first marriage among Canadian women in 2008?

Accepted Answer

According to Statistics Canada, the median age at first marriage for Canadian women in 2008 was 29.1 years.

Question 11

According to Daniel Levinson, the underlying pattern or design of a person's life at a given time, including balances and conflicts among the roles, relationships, and behaviour patterns, is the person's

Accepted Answer

According to Daniel Levinson, the underlying pattern or design of a person's life at a given time is called their life structure. This includes balancing and conflicts among the roles, relationships, and behavior patterns.

Question 12

According to evolutionary theories of mate selection, men prefer all of the following qualities in a mate EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theories suggest that men prefer a mate who is physically attractive, younger, and has good health as these traits are indicators of fertility and reproductive success. However, financial stability is not necessarily a universally preferred trait as it may vary depending on the cultural and societal norms of a particular group.

Question 13

Which theory views sex differences in mate selection as adaptations to gender roles that change with different social realities?

Accepted Answer

Social role theory suggests that sex differences in mate selection are based on adaptations to gender roles that change with different social realities. This theory proposes that individuals are more likely to choose mates who possess characteristics that fit with their expected gender roles in society. For example, men may be attracted to women who are nurturing and domestic, while women may be attracted to men who are ambitious and financially successful. These preferences reflect the social expectations placed on each gender, which have changed over time and vary across cultures.

Question 14

Attachment theories suggest that when we choose a partner we

Accepted Answer

Attachment theories suggest that we develop attachments that match our internal model of attachment from childhood, which shapes our expectations for relationships. This can lead us to seek out partners that exhibit behaviors and traits that are familiar or reinforce our attachment patterns.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about the relationship between cohabitation and subsequent marriage?

Accepted Answer

Cohabitation is not the same type of relationship as marriage. Although there may be similarities, marriage involves a legally binding commitment and a different level of commitment and expectations compared to cohabitation.

Question 16

What component of evolutionary theory suggests that women and men have different mate selection priorities because they have unequal roles and responsibilities in producing and caring for children?

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that women and men have different mate selection priorities because they have unequal roles and responsibilities in producing and caring for children. Women have a higher parental investment in reproduction because they carry the fetus and nurse the infant, which limits the number of offspring they can produce. Men, on the other hand, have a lower parental investment and can potentially produce a larger number of offspring, leading to different priorities in mate selection.

Question 17

According to Erikson, what is the central crisis of early adulthood?

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, the central crisis of early adulthood is intimacy versus isolation. This stage occurs between the ages of 18 and 40 and is marked by the desire to form close and meaningful relationships with others. Individuals who successfully navigate this crisis will be able to form close and intimate relationships, while those who fail to do so may experience feelings of loneliness and isolation.

Question 18

The capacity to engage in a supportive, affectionate relationship without losing one's own sense of self is

Accepted Answer

The capacity to engage in a supportive, affectionate relationship without losing one's own sense of self is called intimacy. Intimacy allows for closeness and connection with others while maintaining a distinct identity. Identity infusion (A) refers to a merging of one's identity with another's, resulting in a loss of one's own sense of self. Attachment (B) refers to the emotional bond that develops between an infant and caregiver or between two individuals in a romantic relationship. Immersion (D) does not accurately describe the concept of maintaining a sense of self within a relationship.

Question 19

Based upon Daniel Levinson's theory of adult development, which of the following would NOT cause the development of a new life structure?

Accepted Answer

buying a new house

Question 20

Carol and Amir met when they were reporters for the local newspaper. They later discovered that they had attended the same college and had many friends and acquaintances in common. The possibility that Carol and Amir might marry because they are similar to each other in many ways is known as

Accepted Answer

Homogamy theory suggests that people are attracted to and marry others who are similar to them in terms of demographic, social, and psychological characteristics. In this case, Carol and Amir share a common background and interests, which may have influenced their attraction to each other and the possibility of marriage. Social exchange theory focuses on individual costs and benefits in relationships, social role theory explains how gender roles influence behavior, and attachment theory explores how early attachment experiences impact adult relationships.

Quiz 14: Social and Personality Development in Early Adulthood

The _ a woman expects to earn herself, the __ her income requirements in a prospective mate.