Question 1

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding suicide?

Accepted Answer

Men are statistically more likely to die by suicide than women, although women may attempt suicide more often.

Question 2

Prolonged periods of sadness,feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness,social withdrawal,and cognitive and physical sluggishness best describes which disorder?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are typical of major depression, which is characterized by a persistent low mood along with other physical and cognitive symptoms. OCD is characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, while bipolar disorder involves episodes of both depression and mania. DID involves the presence of two or more distinct personalities.

Question 3

A strong,intense fear of being in public or performing behaviours in public might be characteristic of

Accepted Answer

The fear of being in public or performing behaviors in public is a hallmark feature of social anxiety disorder. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors, but not necessarily related to public settings. Panic disorder is characterized by sudden and unexpected panic attacks, which can occur in any setting.

Question 4

Sandra is suffering from major depression.She is convinced that she will always be unhappy and her life will never change.Which of the three elements of the depressive explanatory style does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Sandra's belief that she will always be unhappy and her life will never change illustrates the "stabilizing" element of the depressive explanatory style, which involves seeing negative events as permanent or unchangeable.

Question 5

One biological explanation for depression is that an overactive ______________ responds strongly to emotions and sends signals that lead to a decrease in ______________ activity.

Accepted Answer

The limbic system, which is responsible for processing emotions, may be overactive in depression. This overactivity can lead to decreased activity in the frontal cortex, which is involved in decision-making and regulating emotions.

Question 6

Each day,while Sid is sitting at his desk at work,he continually thinks about germs.Each time this occurs,he washes his hands.Sid probably suffers from

Accepted Answer

Sid's behavior of constantly washing his hands due to his persistent thoughts about germs is typical of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This disorder is characterized by repetitive and intrusive thoughts that generate anxiety and are temporally associated with repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) intended to alleviate anxiety.

Question 7

Sierra is constantly worried that everyone whom she comes in contact with is full of germs,so she is constantly rushing off to wash her hands.Sierra may suffer from which psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

Sierra's constant worry about germs and need to constantly wash her hands are common symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clinical depression is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness, social phobia by excessive fear and avoidance of social situations, and paranoid schizophrenia by delusions and hallucinations.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of the "vicious cycle" of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

The example of a "vicious cycle" of anxiety disorders is when a person with social phobia notices every little mistake she makes in front of others, which makes her more anxious. This creates a loop where her anxiety leads to more self-criticism and negative thoughts, which in turn exacerbate her social anxiety. This is a classic example of the self-reinforcing nature of anxiety disorders.

Question 9

__________ is a disorder in which a person experiences episodes of mania and depression.

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is characterized by the presence of both manic (elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep) and depressive (sadness, loss of interest, fatigue, difficulty concentrating) episodes. Generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive anxiety and worry about a variety of events or activities. Major depression is a mood disorder in which a person experiences persistent sadness and loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed. Borderline personality disorder is a personality disorder characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood, as well as impulsive and self-destructive behavior.

Question 10

A person who suffers from bipolar disorder alternates between

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is characterized by episodes of depression and mania (or hypomania). This means that the person experiences extreme highs (mania) and lows (depression) in their mood, energy, and behavior. Schizophrenia and anxiety disorders are separate mental health conditions with different symptoms and treatment approaches.

Question 11

According to your textbook,which of the following is true regarding sociocultural factors and the development of mood disorders,particularly depression?

Accepted Answer

According to the textbook, sociocultural factors interact with biological and cognitive factors to influence the development of mood disorders, particularly depression. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because depression is not caused exclusively by sociocultural factors. Option B is also incorrect because sociocultural factors do influence the development of depression. Option D is incorrect because researchers have indeed investigated the role of sociocultural factors in the development of depression.

Question 12

Which of the following is a mood disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by extreme shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, multiple personality disorder (now known as dissociative identity disorder), and narcissistic personality disorder are not classified as mood disorders.

Question 13

The depressive explanatory style is characterized by which three elements?

Accepted Answer

The depressive explanatory style is characterized by internalizing (attributing negative events to one's own flaws or actions), stabilizing (believing that these causes will persist over time), and globalizing (believing that these causes will affect many areas of one's life).

Question 14

What mood disorder is characterized by alterations between periods of extremely high levels and extremely low levels of activity?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is characterized by alternating periods of elevated or irritable mood and episodes of depression. These mood swings can be severe and interfere with daily life.

Question 15

Kayla has experienced a decrease in the need for sleep for the past three nights,is extremely talkative and sexually charged,and has been very irresponsible with money during this time.Kayla is in the midst of a(n)

Accepted Answer

Kayla is exhibiting symptoms of a manic episode, including decreased need for sleep, increased sociability, hypersexuality, and irresponsible behavior with money. Dissociated amnesiac episodes involve memory loss, major depressive episodes involve feelings of sadness and hopelessness, and obsessive episodes involve persistent and intrusive thoughts or behaviors.

Question 16

During the day,Barb suffers from frequent,unwanted thoughts that she has left her front door unlocked and recurrent images that all her belongings have been taken.These thoughts and images are what psychologists refer to as a

Accepted Answer

These symptoms are consistent with an obsession, which is a persistent and intrusive thought, image, or impulse that causes significant distress or anxiety. Compulsions, delusions, and hallucinations refer to different types of symptoms associated with mental health conditions.

Question 17

Research into demographic differences in the rates of major depression,or clinical depression as it is often called,suggests that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with major depression. This gender difference in diagnosis rates is a well-documented phenomenon in the field of mental health.

Question 18

People with OCD often develop ____________ in response to ______________.

Accepted Answer

People with OCD often develop a compulsion (repetitive behaviors or mental acts) in response to a specific obsession (intrusive and unwanted thoughts, images, or impulses). For example, someone with an obsession about germs may develop a compulsion to excessively wash their hands.

Question 19

Which neurotransmitters are most important in the development of mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine are the most important neurotransmitters in the development of mood disorders. Low levels of serotonin are linked to depression, while high levels of dopamine are linked to mania and bipolar disorder. Norepinephrine is also involved in the regulation of mood and arousal levels.

Question 20

Mr.Carpenter is constantly afraid that he is going to oversleep and be late for work.As a result,he spends nearly an hour total each night making certain that his alarm clock is correctly set and saying "It's set,it's set,it's set" each of the times he checks it.This repetitive action is what clinical psychologists refer to as a

Accepted Answer

Mr. Carpenter's repetitive action of checking his alarm clock and verbally confirming it is set multiple times is a compulsion. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly, often to reduce anxiety or distress.

Quiz 15: B: Psychological Disorders